{ "source": "doc/api/all.markdown", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "About this Documentation", "name": "About this Documentation", "type": "misc", "desc": "
The goal of this documentation is to comprehensively explain the io.js\nAPI, both from a reference as well as a conceptual point of view. Each\nsection describes a built-in module or high-level concept.\n\n
\nWhere appropriate, property types, method arguments, and the arguments\nprovided to event handlers are detailed in a list underneath the topic\nheading.\n\n
\nEvery .html
document has a corresponding .json
document presenting\nthe same information in a structured manner. This feature is\nexperimental, and added for the benefit of IDEs and other utilities that\nwish to do programmatic things with the documentation.\n\n
Every .html
and .json
file is generated based on the corresponding\n.markdown
file in the doc/api/
folder in io.js's source tree. The\ndocumentation is generated using the tools/doc/generate.js
program.\nThe HTML template is located at doc/template.html
.\n\n
Throughout the documentation, you will see indications of a section's\nstability. The io.js API is still somewhat changing, and as it\nmatures, certain parts are more reliable than others. Some are so\nproven, and so relied upon, that they are unlikely to ever change at\nall. Others are brand new and experimental, or known to be hazardous\nand in the process of being redesigned.\n\n
\nThe stability indices are as follows:\n\n
\nStability: 0 - Deprecated\nThis feature is known to be problematic, and changes are\nplanned. Do not rely on it. Use of the feature may cause warnings. Backwards\ncompatibility should not be expected.
\nStability: 1 - Experimental\nThis feature is subject to change, and is gated by a command line flag.\nIt may change or be removed in future versions.
\nStability: 2 - Stable\nThe API has proven satisfactory. Compatibility with the npm ecosystem\nis a high priority, and will not be broken unless absolutely necessary.
\nStability: 3 - Locked\nOnly fixes related to security, performance, or bug fixes will be accepted.\nPlease do not suggest API changes in this area; they will be refused.
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "JSON Output",
"name": "json_output",
"stability": 1,
"stabilityText": "Experimental",
"desc": "Every HTML file in the markdown has a corresponding JSON file with the\nsame data.\n\n
\nThis feature was added in node v0.6.12. It is experimental.\n\n
\n", "type": "misc", "displayName": "JSON Output" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Synopsis", "name": "Synopsis", "type": "misc", "desc": "An example of a web server written with io.js which responds with\n'Hello World':\n\n
\nvar http = require('http');\n\nhttp.createServer(function (request, response) {\n response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});\n response.end('Hello World\\n');\n}).listen(8124);\n\nconsole.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/');
\nTo run the server, put the code into a file called example.js
and execute\nit with the iojs program\n\n
> iojs example.js\nServer running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/
\nAll of the examples in the documentation can be run similarly.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Debugger", "name": "Debugger", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "type": "misc", "desc": "V8 comes with an extensive debugger which is accessible out-of-process via a\nsimple TCP protocol.\nio.js has a built-in client for this debugger. To use this, start io.js with the\ndebug
argument; a prompt will appear:\n\n
% iojs debug myscript.js\n< debugger listening on port 5858\nconnecting... ok\nbreak in /home/indutny/Code/git/indutny/myscript.js:1\n 1 x = 5;\n 2 setTimeout(function () {\n 3 debugger;\ndebug>
\nio.js's debugger client doesn't support the full range of commands, but\nsimple step and inspection is possible. By putting the statement debugger;
\ninto the source code of your script, you will enable a breakpoint.\n\n
For example, suppose myscript.js
looked like this:\n\n
// myscript.js\nx = 5;\nsetTimeout(function () {\n debugger;\n console.log("world");\n}, 1000);\nconsole.log("hello");
\nThen once the debugger is run, it will break on line 4.\n\n
\n% iojs debug myscript.js\n< debugger listening on port 5858\nconnecting... ok\nbreak in /home/indutny/Code/git/indutny/myscript.js:1\n 1 x = 5;\n 2 setTimeout(function () {\n 3 debugger;\ndebug> cont\n< hello\nbreak in /home/indutny/Code/git/indutny/myscript.js:3\n 1 x = 5;\n 2 setTimeout(function () {\n 3 debugger;\n 4 console.log("world");\n 5 }, 1000);\ndebug> next\nbreak in /home/indutny/Code/git/indutny/myscript.js:4\n 2 setTimeout(function () {\n 3 debugger;\n 4 console.log("world");\n 5 }, 1000);\n 6 console.log("hello");\ndebug> repl\nPress Ctrl + C to leave debug repl\n> x\n5\n> 2+2\n4\ndebug> next\n< world\nbreak in /home/indutny/Code/git/indutny/myscript.js:5\n 3 debugger;\n 4 console.log("world");\n 5 }, 1000);\n 6 console.log("hello");\n 7\ndebug> quit\n%
\nThe repl
command allows you to evaluate code remotely. The next
command\nsteps over to the next line. There are a few other commands available and more\nto come. Type help
to see others.\n\n
You can watch expression and variable values while debugging your code.\nOn every breakpoint each expression from the watchers list will be evaluated\nin the current context and displayed just before the breakpoint's source code\nlisting.\n\n
\nTo start watching an expression, type watch("my_expression")
. watchers
\nprints the active watchers. To remove a watcher, type\nunwatch("my_expression")
.\n\n
It is also possible to set a breakpoint in a file (module) that\nisn't loaded yet:\n\n
\n% ./iojs debug test/fixtures/break-in-module/main.js\n< debugger listening on port 5858\nconnecting to port 5858... ok\nbreak in test/fixtures/break-in-module/main.js:1\n 1 var mod = require('./mod.js');\n 2 mod.hello();\n 3 mod.hello();\ndebug> setBreakpoint('mod.js', 23)\nWarning: script 'mod.js' was not loaded yet.\n 1 var mod = require('./mod.js');\n 2 mod.hello();\n 3 mod.hello();\ndebug> c\nbreak in test/fixtures/break-in-module/mod.js:23\n 21\n 22 exports.hello = function() {\n 23 return 'hello from module';\n 24 };\n 25\ndebug>
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Breakpoints"
},
{
"textRaw": "Breakpoints",
"name": "breakpoints",
"desc": "It is also possible to set a breakpoint in a file (module) that\nisn't loaded yet:\n\n
\n% ./iojs debug test/fixtures/break-in-module/main.js\n< debugger listening on port 5858\nconnecting to port 5858... ok\nbreak in test/fixtures/break-in-module/main.js:1\n 1 var mod = require('./mod.js');\n 2 mod.hello();\n 3 mod.hello();\ndebug> setBreakpoint('mod.js', 23)\nWarning: script 'mod.js' was not loaded yet.\n 1 var mod = require('./mod.js');\n 2 mod.hello();\n 3 mod.hello();\ndebug> c\nbreak in test/fixtures/break-in-module/mod.js:23\n 21\n 22 exports.hello = function() {\n 23 return 'hello from module';\n 24 };\n 25\ndebug>
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Breakpoints"
},
{
"textRaw": "Execution control",
"name": "Execution control",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Various"
},
{
"textRaw": "Various",
"name": "various",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Various"
}
],
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Commands reference"
},
{
"textRaw": "Advanced Usage",
"name": "advanced_usage",
"desc": "The V8 debugger can be enabled and accessed either by starting io.js with\nthe --debug
command-line flag or by signaling an existing io.js process\nwith SIGUSR1
.\n\n
Once a process has been set in debug mode with this it can be connected to\nwith the io.js debugger. Either connect to the pid
or the URI to the debugger.\nThe syntax is:\n\n
iojs debug -p <pid>
- Connects to the process via the pid
iojs debug <URI>
- Connects to the process via the URI such as localhost:5858Errors generated by io.js fall into two categories: JavaScript errors and system\nerrors. All errors inherit from or are instances of JavaScript's Error\nclass and are guaranteed to provide at least the attributes available on that\nclass.\n\n
\nWhen an operation is not permitted due to language-syntax or\nlanguage-runtime-level reasons, a JavaScript error is generated and thrown\nas an exception. If an operation is not allowed due to system-level\nrestrictions, a system error is generated. Client code is then given the\nopportunity to intercept this error based on how the API propagates it.\n\n
\nThe style of API called determines how generated errors are handed back, or\npropagated, to client code, which in turn informs how the client may intercept\nthe error. Exceptions can be intercepted using the try / catch
construct;\nother propagation strategies are covered below.\n\n
JavaScript errors typically denote that an API is being used incorrectly, or that\nthere is a problem with the program as written.\n\n
\n", "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: Error", "type": "class", "name": "Error", "desc": "A general error object. Unlike other error objects, Error
instances do not\ndenote any specific circumstance of why the error occurred. Errors capture a\n"stack trace" detailing the point in the program at which they were\ninstantiated, and may provide a description of the error.\n\n
Note: io.js will generate this class of error to encapsulate system\nerrors as well as plain JavaScript errors.\n\n
\n", "properties": [ { "textRaw": "error.message", "name": "message", "desc": "A string of the value passed to Error()
upon instantiation. The message will\nalso appear in the first line of the stack trace of the error. Changing this\nproperty may not change the first line of the stack trace.\n\n
A property that, when accessed, returns a string representing the point in the program\nat which this error was instantiated. An example stacktrace follows:\n\n
\nError: Things keep happening!\n at /home/gbusey/file.js:525:2\n at Frobnicator.refrobulate (/home/gbusey/business-logic.js:424:21)\n at Actor.<anonymous> (/home/gbusey/actors.js:400:8)\n at increaseSynergy (/home/gbusey/actors.js:701:6)
\nThe first line is formatted as <error class name>: <error message>
, and it is followed\nby a series of stack frames (each line beginning with "at "). Each frame describes\na call site in the program that lead to the error being generated. V8 attempts to\ndisplay a name for each function (by variable name, function name, or object \nmethod name), but occasionally it will not be able to find a suitable name. If\nV8 cannot determine a name for the function, only location information will be\ndisplayed for that frame. Otherwise, the determined function name will be displayed\nwith location information appended in parentheses. \n\n
Frames are only generated for JavaScript functions. If, for example, execution \nsynchronously passes through a C++ addon function called cheetahify
, which itself \ncalls a JavaScript function, the frame representing the cheetahify
call will not \nbe present in stacktraces:\n\n
var cheetahify = require('./native-binding.node');\n\nfunction makeFaster() {\n // cheetahify *synchronously* calls speedy.\n cheetahify(function speedy() {\n throw new Error('oh no!');\n });\n}\n\nmakeFaster(); // will throw:\n// /home/gbusey/file.js:6\n// throw new Error('oh no!');\n// ^\n// Error: oh no!\n// at speedy (/home/gbusey/file.js:6:11)\n// at makeFaster (/home/gbusey/file.js:5:3)\n// at Object.<anonymous> (/home/gbusey/file.js:10:1)\n// at Module._compile (module.js:456:26)\n// at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10)\n// at Module.load (module.js:356:32)\n// at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12)\n// at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:497:10)\n// at startup (node.js:119:16)\n// at node.js:906:3
\nThe location information will be one of: \n\n
\nnative
, if the frame represents a call internal to V8 (as in [].forEach
).plain-filename.js:line:column
, if the frame represents a call internal to io.js./absolute/path/to/file.js:line:column
, if the frame represents a call in a user program, or its dependencies.It is important to note that the string representing the stacktrace is only\ngenerated on access: it is lazily generated. \n\n
\nThe number of frames captured by the stack trace is bounded by the smaller of\nError.stackTraceLimit
or the number of available frames on the current event\nloop tick.\n\n
System-level errors are generated as augmented Error instances, which are detailed\nbelow.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Error.stackTraceLimit", "name": "stackTraceLimit", "desc": "Property that determines the number of stack frames collected by a stack trace\n(whether generated by new Error().stack
or Error.captureStackTrace(obj)
).\n\n
The initial value is 10
. It may be set to any valid JavaScript number, which\nwill affect any stack trace captured after the value has been changed. If set\nto a non-number value, stack traces will not capture any frames and will report\nundefined
on access.\n\n
Creates a .stack
property on targetObject
, which when accessed returns\na string representing the location in the program at which Error.captureStackTrace
\nwas called.\n\n
var myObject = {};\n\nError.captureStackTrace(myObject);\n\nmyObject.stack // similar to `new Error().stack`
\nThe first line of the trace, instead of being prefixed with ErrorType:\nmessage
, will be the result of targetObject.toString()
.\n\n
constructorOpt
optionally accepts a function. If given, all frames above\nconstructorOpt
, including constructorOpt
, will be omitted from the generated\nstack trace. \n\n
This is useful for hiding implementation details of error generation from the\nend user. A common way of using this parameter is to pass the current Error\nconstructor to it:\n\n
\n\nfunction MyError() {\n Error.captureStackTrace(this, MyError);\n}\n\n// without passing MyError to captureStackTrace, the MyError\n// frame would should up in the .stack property. by passing\n// the constructor, we omit that frame and all frames above it.\nnew MyError().stack
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "targetObject"
},
{
"name": "constructorOpt",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
}
],
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "message"
}
],
"desc": "Instantiates a new Error object and sets its .message
property to the provided\nmessage. Its .stack
will represent the point in the program at which new Error
\nwas called. Stack traces are subject to V8's stack trace API. \nStack traces only extend to the beginning of synchronous code execution, or a number of frames given by\nError.stackTraceLimit
, whichever is smaller.\n\n
A subclass of Error that indicates that a provided argument was not within the\nset or range of acceptable values for a function; whether that be a numeric\nrange, or outside the set of options for a given function parameter. An example:\n\n
\nrequire('net').connect(-1); // throws RangeError, port should be > 0 && < 65536
\nio.js will generate and throw RangeError instances immediately -- they are a form\nof argument validation. \n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: TypeError", "type": "class", "name": "TypeError", "desc": "A subclass of Error that indicates that a provided argument is not an allowable\ntype. For example, passing a function to a parameter which expects a string would\nbe considered a TypeError.\n\n
\nrequire('url').parse(function() { }); // throws TypeError, since it expected a string
\nio.js will generate and throw TypeError instances immediately -- they are a form\nof argument validation.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: ReferenceError", "type": "class", "name": "ReferenceError", "desc": "A subclass of Error that indicates that an attempt is being made to access a variable\nthat is not defined. Most commonly it indicates a typo, or an otherwise broken program.\nWhile client code may generate and propagate these errors, in practice only V8 will do\nso.\n\n
\ndoesNotExist; // throws ReferenceError, doesNotExist is not a variable in this program.
\nReferenceError instances will have an .arguments
member that is an array containing\none element -- a string representing the variable that was not defined.\n\n
try {\n doesNotExist;\n} catch(err) {\n err.arguments[0] === 'doesNotExist';\n}
\nUnless the userland program is dynamically generating and running code,\nReferenceErrors should always be considered a bug in the program, or its\ndependencies.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: SyntaxError", "type": "class", "name": "SyntaxError", "desc": "A subclass of Error that indicates that a program is not valid JavaScript.\nThese errors may only be generated and propagated as a result of code\nevaluation. Code evaluation may happen as a result of eval
, Function
,\nrequire
, or vm. These errors are almost always indicative of a broken\nprogram.\n\n
try {\n require("vm").runInThisContext("binary ! isNotOk");\n} catch(err) {\n // err will be a SyntaxError\n}
\nSyntaxErrors are unrecoverable from the context that created them – they may only be caught\nby other contexts.\n\n
\n" } ], "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Exceptions vs. Errors", "name": "Exceptions vs. Errors", "type": "misc", "desc": "A JavaScript "exception" is a value that is thrown as a result of an invalid operation or\nas the target of a throw
statement. While it is not required that these values inherit from\nError
, all exceptions thrown by io.js or the JavaScript runtime will be instances of Error.\n\n
Some exceptions are unrecoverable at the JavaScript layer. These exceptions will always bring \ndown the process. These are usually failed assert()
checks or abort()
calls in the C++ layer.\n\n
System errors are generated in response to a program's runtime environment.\nIdeally, they represent operational errors that the program needs to be able to\nreact to. They are generated at the syscall level: an exhaustive list of error\ncodes and their meanings is available by running man 2 intro
or man 3 errno
\non most Unices; or online.\n\n
In io.js, system errors are represented as augmented Error objects -- not full\nsubclasses, but instead an error instance with added members.\n\n
\n", "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: System Error", "type": "class", "name": "System", "properties": [ { "textRaw": "error.syscall", "name": "syscall", "desc": "A string representing the syscall that failed.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "error.errno", "name": "errno", "desc": "A string representing the error code, which is always E
followed by capital\nletters, and may be referenced in man 2 intro
.\n\n
A string representing the error code, which is always E
followed by capital\nletters, and may be referenced in man 2 intro
.\n\n
This list is not exhaustive, but enumerates many of the common system errors when\nwriting a io.js program. An exhaustive list may be found here.\n\n
\n", "modules": [ { "textRaw": "EPERM: Operation not permitted", "name": "eperm:_operation_not_permitted", "desc": "An attempt was made to perform an operation that requires appropriate\nprivileges.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EPERM: Operation not permitted" }, { "textRaw": "ENOENT: No such file or directory", "name": "enoent:_no_such_file_or_directory", "desc": "Commonly raised by fs operations; a component of the specified pathname\ndoes not exist -- no entity (file or directory) could be found by the given path.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "ENOENT: No such file or directory" }, { "textRaw": "EACCES: Permission denied", "name": "eacces:_permission_denied", "desc": "An attempt was made to access a file in a way forbidden by its file access \npermissions.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EACCES: Permission denied" }, { "textRaw": "EEXIST: File exists", "name": "eexist:_file_exists", "desc": "An existing file was the target of an operation that required that the target\nnot exist.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EEXIST: File exists" }, { "textRaw": "ENOTDIR: Not a directory", "name": "enotdir:_not_a_directory", "desc": "A component of the given pathname existed, but was not a directory as expected.\nCommonly raised by fs.readdir. \n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "ENOTDIR: Not a directory" }, { "textRaw": "EISDIR: Is a directory", "name": "eisdir:_is_a_directory", "desc": "An operation expected a file, but the given pathname was a directory.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EISDIR: Is a directory" }, { "textRaw": "EMFILE: Too many open files in system", "name": "emfile:_too_many_open_files_in_system", "desc": "Maxiumum number of file descriptors allowable on the system has\nbeen reached, and requests for another descriptor cannot be fulfilled until\nat least one has been closed.\n\n
\nCommonly encountered when opening many files at once in parallel, especially\non systems (in particular, OS X) where there is a low file descriptor limit\nfor processes. To remedy a low limit, run ulimit -n 2048
in the same shell\nthat will run the io.js process.\n\n
A write on a pipe, socket, or FIFO for which there is no process to read the\ndata. Commonly encountered at the net and http layers, indicative that\nthe remote side of the stream being written to has been closed.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EPIPE: Broken pipe" }, { "textRaw": "EADDRINUSE: Address already in use", "name": "eaddrinuse:_address_already_in_use", "desc": "An attempt to bind a server (net, http, or https) to a local\naddress failed due to another server on the local system already occupying\nthat address.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "EADDRINUSE: Address already in use" }, { "textRaw": "ECONNRESET: Connection reset by peer", "name": "econnreset:_connection_reset_by_peer", "desc": "A connection was forcibly closed by a peer. This normally results\nfrom a loss of the connection on the remote socket due to a timeout\nor reboot. Commonly encountered via the http and net modules.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "ECONNRESET: Connection reset by peer" }, { "textRaw": "ECONNREFUSED: Connection refused", "name": "econnrefused:_connection_refused", "desc": "No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused\nit. This usually results from trying to connect to a service that is inactive\non the foreign host.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "ECONNREFUSED: Connection refused" }, { "textRaw": "ENOTEMPTY: Directory not empty", "name": "enotempty:_directory_not_empty", "desc": "A directory with entries was the target of an operation that requires\nan empty directory -- usually fs.unlink.\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "ENOTEMPTY: Directory not empty" }, { "textRaw": "ETIMEDOUT: Operation timed out", "name": "etimedout:_operation_timed_out", "desc": "A connect or send request failed because the connected party did not properly\nrespond after a period of time. Usually encountered by http or net --\noften a sign that a connected socket was not .end()
'd appropriately.\n\n
All io.js APIs will treat invalid arguments as exceptional -- that is, if passed\ninvalid arguments, they will immediately generate and throw the error as an\nexception, even if they are an otherwise asynchronous API.\n\n
\nSynchronous APIs (like\nfs.readFileSync) will throw the\nerror. The act of throwing a value (in this case, the error) turns the value\ninto an exception. Exceptions may be caught using the try { } catch(err)\n{ }
construct. \n\n
Asynchronous APIs have two mechanisms for error propagation; one mechanism\nfor APIs that represent a single operation, and one for APIs that represent\nmultiple operations over time.\n\n
\n", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Node style callbacks", "name": "Node style callbacks", "type": "misc", "desc": "Single operation APIs take "node style callbacks" -- a\nfunction provided to the API as an argument. The node style callback takes\nat least one argument -- error
-- that will either be null
(if no error\nwas encountered) or an Error
instance. For instance:\n\n
var fs = require('fs');\n\nfs.readFile('/some/file/that/does-not-exist', function nodeStyleCallback(err, data) {\n console.log(err) // Error: ENOENT\n console.log(data) // undefined / null\n});\n\nfs.readFile('/some/file/that/does-exist', function(err, data) {\n console.log(err) // null\n console.log(data) // <Buffer: ba dd ca fe>\n})
\nNote that try { } catch(err) { }
cannot intercept errors generated by\nasynchronous APIs. A common mistake for beginners is to try to use throw
\ninside their node style callback:\n\n
// THIS WILL NOT WORK:\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\ntry {\n fs.readFile('/some/file/that/does-not-exist', function(err, data) {\n // mistaken assumption: throwing here...\n if (err) {\n throw err;\n }\n });\n} catch(err) {\n // ... will be caught here -- this is incorrect!\n console.log(err); // Error: ENOENT\n}
\nThis will not work! By the time the node style callback has been called, the\nsurrounding code (including the try { } catch(err) { }
will have already\nexited. Throwing an error inside a node style callback will crash the process in most cases.\nIf domains are enabled, they may intercept the thrown error; similarly, if a\nhandler has been added to process.on('uncaughtException')
, it will intercept\nthe error.\n\n
The other mechanism for providing errors is the "error" event. This is\ntypically used by stream-based and event emitter-based APIs, which\nthemselves represent a series of asynchronous operations over time (versus a\nsingle operation that may pass or fail). If no "error" event handler is\nattached to the source of the error, the error will be thrown. At this point,\nit will crash the process as an unhandled exception unless domains are\nemployed appropriately or process.on('uncaughtException') has a handler.\n\n
\nvar net = require('net');\n\nvar connection = net.connect('localhost');\n\n// adding an "error" event handler to a stream:\nconnection.on('error', function(err) {\n // if the connection is reset by the server, or if it can't\n // connect at all, or on any sort of error encountered by\n // the connection, the error will be sent here.\n console.error(err);\n});\n\nconnection.pipe(process.stdout);
\nThe "throw when no error handlers are attached behavior" is not limited to APIs\nprovided by io.js -- even user created event emitters and streams will throw\nerrors when no error handlers are attached. An example:\n\n
\nvar events = require('events');\n\nvar ee = new events.EventEmitter;\n\nsetImmediate(function() {\n // this will crash the process because no "error" event\n // handler has been added.\n ee.emit('error', new Error('This will crash'));\n});
\nAs with node style callbacks, errors generated this way cannot be intercepted\nby try { } catch(err) { }
-- they happen after the calling code has already\nexited.\n\n
These objects are available in all modules. Some of these objects aren't\nactually in the global scope but in the module scope - this will be noted.\n\n
\n", "globals": [ { "textRaw": "global", "name": "global", "type": "global", "desc": "In browsers, the top-level scope is the global scope. That means that in\nbrowsers if you're in the global scope var something
will define a global\nvariable. In io.js this is different. The top-level scope is not the global\nscope; var something
inside an io.js module will be local to that module.\n\n
The process object. See the [process object][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "console", "name": "console", "type": "global", "desc": "Used to print to stdout and stderr. See the [console][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: Buffer", "type": "global", "name": "Buffer", "desc": "Used to handle binary data. See the [buffer section][]\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "clearInterval(t)", "type": "global", "name": "clearInterval", "desc": "Stop a timer that was previously created with setInterval()
. The callback\nwill not execute.\n\n
The timer functions are global variables. See the [timers][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process", "name": "process", "type": "global", "desc": "The process
object is a global object and can be accessed from anywhere.\nIt is an instance of [EventEmitter][].\n\n
io.js will normally exit with a 0
status code when no more async\noperations are pending. The following status codes are used in other\ncases:\n\n
1
Uncaught Fatal Exception - There was an uncaught exception,\nand it was not handled by a domain or an uncaughtException
event\nhandler.2
- Unused (reserved by Bash for builtin misuse)3
Internal JavaScript Parse Error - The JavaScript source code\ninternal in io.js's bootstrapping process caused a parse error. This\nis extremely rare, and generally can only happen during development\nof io.js itself.4
Internal JavaScript Evaluation Failure - The JavaScript\nsource code internal in io.js's bootstrapping process failed to\nreturn a function value when evaluated. This is extremely rare, and\ngenerally can only happen during development of io.js itself.5
Fatal Error - There was a fatal unrecoverable error in V8.\nTypically a message will be printed to stderr with the prefix FATAL\nERROR
.6
Non-function Internal Exception Handler - There was an\nuncaught exception, but the internal fatal exception handler\nfunction was somehow set to a non-function, and could not be called.7
Internal Exception Handler Run-Time Failure - There was an\nuncaught exception, and the internal fatal exception handler\nfunction itself threw an error while attempting to handle it. This\ncan happen, for example, if a process.on('uncaughtException')
or\ndomain.on('error')
handler throws an error.8
- Unused. In previous versions of io.js, exit code 8 sometimes\nindicated an uncaught exception.9
- Invalid Argument - Either an unknown option was specified,\nor an option requiring a value was provided without a value.10
Internal JavaScript Run-Time Failure - The JavaScript\nsource code internal in io.js's bootstrapping process threw an error\nwhen the bootstrapping function was called. This is extremely rare,\nand generally can only happen during development of io.js itself.12
Invalid Debug Argument - The --debug
and/or --debug-brk
\noptions were set, but an invalid port number was chosen.>128
Signal Exits - If io.js receives a fatal signal such as\nSIGKILL
or SIGHUP
, then its exit code will be 128
plus the\nvalue of the signal code. This is a standard Unix practice, since\nexit codes are defined to be 7-bit integers, and signal exits set\nthe high-order bit, and then contain the value of the signal code.Emitted when the process is about to exit. There is no way to prevent the\nexiting of the event loop at this point, and once all exit
listeners have\nfinished running the process will exit. Therefore you must only perform\nsynchronous operations in this handler. This is a good hook to perform\nchecks on the module's state (like for unit tests). The callback takes one\nargument, the code the process is exiting with.\n\n
Example of listening for exit
:\n\n
process.on('exit', function(code) {\n // do *NOT* do this\n setTimeout(function() {\n console.log('This will not run');\n }, 0);\n console.log('About to exit with code:', code);\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'beforeExit'",
"type": "event",
"name": "beforeExit",
"desc": "This event is emitted when io.js empties its event loop and has nothing else to\nschedule. Normally, io.js exits when there is no work scheduled, but a listener\nfor 'beforeExit' can make asynchronous calls, and cause io.js to continue.\n\n
\n'beforeExit' is not emitted for conditions causing explicit termination, such as\nprocess.exit()
or uncaught exceptions, and should not be used as an\nalternative to the 'exit' event unless the intention is to schedule more work.\n\n\n
Emitted when an exception bubbles all the way back to the event loop. If a\nlistener is added for this exception, the default action (which is to print\na stack trace and exit) will not occur.\n\n
\nExample of listening for uncaughtException
:\n\n
process.on('uncaughtException', function(err) {\n console.log('Caught exception: ' + err);\n});\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('This will still run.');\n}, 500);\n\n// Intentionally cause an exception, but don't catch it.\nnonexistentFunc();\nconsole.log('This will not run.');
\nNote that uncaughtException
is a very crude mechanism for exception\nhandling.\n\n
Do not use it as the io.js equivalent of On Error Resume Next
. An\nunhandled exception means your application - and by extension io.js itself -\nis in an undefined state. Blindly resuming means anything could happen.\n\n
Think of resuming as pulling the power cord when you are upgrading your system.\nNine out of ten times nothing happens - but the 10th time, your system is bust.\n\n
\nuncaughtException
should be used to perform synchronous cleanup before\nshutting down the process. It is not safe to resume normal operation after\nuncaughtException
. If you do use it, restart your application after every\nunhandled exception!\n\n
You have been warned.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'unhandledRejection'", "type": "event", "name": "unhandledRejection", "desc": "Emitted whenever a Promise
is rejected and no error handler is attached to\nthe promise within a turn of the event loop. When programming with promises\nexceptions are encapsulated as rejected promises. Such promises can be caught\nand handled using promise.catch(...)
and rejections are propagated through\na promise chain. This event is useful for detecting and keeping track of\npromises that were rejected whose rejections were not handled yet. This event\nis emitted with the following arguments:\n\n
reason
the object with which the promise was rejected (usually an Error
\ninstance).p
the promise that was rejected.Here is an example that logs every unhandled rejection to the console\n\n
\nprocess.on('unhandledRejection', function(reason, p) {\n console.log("Unhandled Rejection at: Promise ", p, " reason: ", reason);\n // application specific logging, throwing an error, or other logic here\n});
\nFor example, here is a rejection that will trigger the 'unhandledRejection'
\nevent:\n\n
somePromise.then(function(res) {\n return reportToUser(JSON.pasre(res)); // note the typo\n}); // no `.catch` or `.then`
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'rejectionHandled'",
"type": "event",
"name": "rejectionHandled",
"desc": "Emitted whenever a Promise was rejected and an error handler was attached to it\n(for example with .catch()
) later than after an event loop turn. This event\nis emitted with the following arguments:\n\n
p
the promise that was previously emitted in an 'unhandledRejection'\nevent, but which has now gained a rejection handler.There is no notion of a top level for a promise chain at which rejections can\nalways be handled. Being inherently asynchronous in nature, a promise rejection\ncan be be handled at a future point in time — possibly much later than the\nevent loop turn it takes for the 'unhandledRejection' event to be emitted.\n\n
\nAnother way of stating this is that, unlike in synchronous code where there is\nan ever-growing list of unhandled exceptions, with promises there is a\ngrowing-and-shrinking list of unhandled rejections. In synchronous code, the\n'uncaughtException' event tells you when the list of unhandled exceptions\ngrows. And in asynchronous code, the 'unhandledRejection' event tells you\nwhen the list of unhandled rejections grows, while the 'rejectionHandled'\nevent tells you when the list of unhandled rejections shrinks.\n\n
\nFor example using the rejection detection hooks in order to keep a list of all\nthe rejected promises at a given time:\n\n
\nvar unhandledRejections = [];\nprocess.on('unhandledRejection', function(reason, p) {\n unhandledRejections.push(p);\n});\nprocess.on('rejectionHandled', function(p) {\n var index = unhandledRejections.indexOf(p);\n unhandledRejections.splice(index, 1);\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Signal Events",
"name": "SIGINT, SIGHUP, etc.",
"type": "event",
"desc": "Emitted when the processes receives a signal. See sigaction(2) for a list of\nstandard POSIX signal names such as SIGINT, SIGHUP, etc.\n\n
\nExample of listening for SIGINT
:\n\n
// Start reading from stdin so we don't exit.\nprocess.stdin.resume();\n\nprocess.on('SIGINT', function() {\n console.log('Got SIGINT. Press Control-D to exit.');\n});
\nAn easy way to send the SIGINT
signal is with Control-C
in most terminal\nprograms.\n\n
Note:\n\n
\nSIGUSR1
is reserved by io.js to start the debugger. It's possible to\ninstall a listener but that won't stop the debugger from starting.SIGTERM
and SIGINT
have default handlers on non-Windows platforms that resets\nthe terminal mode before exiting with code 128 + signal number
. If one of\nthese signals has a listener installed, its default behaviour will be removed\n(io.js will no longer exit).SIGPIPE
is ignored by default, it can have a listener installed.SIGHUP
is generated on Windows when the console window is closed, and on other\nplatforms under various similar conditions, see signal(7). It can have a\nlistener installed, however io.js will be unconditionally terminated by\nWindows about 10 seconds later. On non-Windows platforms, the default\nbehaviour of SIGHUP
is to terminate io.js, but once a listener has been\ninstalled its default behaviour will be removed.SIGTERM
is not supported on Windows, it can be listened on.SIGINT
from the terminal is supported on all platforms, and can usually be\ngenerated with CTRL+C
(though this may be configurable). It is not generated\nwhen terminal raw mode is enabled.SIGBREAK
is delivered on Windows when CTRL+BREAK
is pressed, on non-Windows\nplatforms it can be listened on, but there is no way to send or generate it.SIGWINCH
is delivered when the console has been resized. On Windows, this will\nonly happen on write to the console when the cursor is being moved, or when a\nreadable tty is used in raw mode.SIGKILL
cannot have a listener installed, it will unconditionally terminate\nio.js on all platforms.SIGSTOP
cannot have a listener installed.Note that Windows does not support sending Signals, but io.js offers some\nemulation with process.kill()
, and child_process.kill()
:\n- Sending signal 0
can be used to search for the existence of a process\n- Sending SIGINT
, SIGTERM
, and SIGKILL
cause the unconditional exit of the\n target process.\n\n
A Writable Stream
to stdout
(on fd 1
).\n\n
For example, a console.log
equivalent could look like this:\n\n
console.log = function(msg) {\n process.stdout.write(msg + '\\n');\n};
\nprocess.stderr
and process.stdout
are unlike other streams in io.js in\nthat they cannot be closed (end()
will throw), they never emit the finish
\nevent and that writes are usually blocking.\n\n
To check if io.js is being run in a TTY context, read the isTTY
property\non process.stderr
, process.stdout
, or process.stdin
:\n\n
$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdin.isTTY)"\ntrue\n$ echo "foo" | iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdin.isTTY)"\nfalse\n\n$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)"\ntrue\n$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)" | cat\nfalse
\nSee the tty docs for more information.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.stderr", "name": "stderr", "desc": "A writable stream to stderr (on fd 2
).\n\n
process.stderr
and process.stdout
are unlike other streams in io.js in\nthat they cannot be closed (end()
will throw), they never emit the finish
\nevent and that writes are usually blocking.\n\n
A Readable Stream
for stdin (on fd 0
).\n\n
Example of opening standard input and listening for both events:\n\n
\nprocess.stdin.setEncoding('utf8');\n\nprocess.stdin.on('readable', function() {\n var chunk = process.stdin.read();\n if (chunk !== null) {\n process.stdout.write('data: ' + chunk);\n }\n});\n\nprocess.stdin.on('end', function() {\n process.stdout.write('end');\n});
\nAs a Stream, process.stdin
can also be used in "old" mode that is compatible\nwith scripts written for node.js prior to v0.10.\nFor more information see\nStream compatibility.\n\n
In "old" Streams mode the stdin stream is paused by default, so one\nmust call process.stdin.resume()
to read from it. Note also that calling\nprocess.stdin.resume()
itself would switch stream to "old" mode.\n\n
If you are starting a new project you should prefer a more recent "new" Streams\nmode over "old" one.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.argv", "name": "argv", "desc": "An array containing the command line arguments. The first element will be\n'iojs', the second element will be the name of the JavaScript file. The\nnext elements will be any additional command line arguments.\n\n
\n// print process.argv\nprocess.argv.forEach(function(val, index, array) {\n console.log(index + ': ' + val);\n});
\nThis will generate:\n\n
\n$ iojs process-2.js one two=three four\n0: iojs\n1: /Users/mjr/work/iojs/process-2.js\n2: one\n3: two=three\n4: four
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.execPath",
"name": "execPath",
"desc": "This is the absolute pathname of the executable that started the process.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\n/usr/local/bin/iojs
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.execArgv",
"name": "execArgv",
"desc": "This is the set of io.js-specific command line options from the\nexecutable that started the process. These options do not show up in\nprocess.argv
, and do not include the io.js executable, the name of\nthe script, or any options following the script name. These options\nare useful in order to spawn child processes with the same execution\nenvironment as the parent.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\n$ iojs --harmony script.js --version
\nresults in process.execArgv:\n\n
\n['--harmony']
\nand process.argv:\n\n
\n['/usr/local/bin/iojs', 'script.js', '--version']
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.env",
"name": "env",
"desc": "An object containing the user environment. See environ(7).\n\n
\nAn example of this object looks like:\n\n
\n{ TERM: 'xterm-256color',\n SHELL: '/usr/local/bin/bash',\n USER: 'maciej',\n PATH: '~/.bin/:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin',\n PWD: '/Users/maciej',\n EDITOR: 'vim',\n SHLVL: '1',\n HOME: '/Users/maciej',\n LOGNAME: 'maciej',\n _: '/usr/local/bin/iojs' }
\nYou can write to this object, but changes won't be reflected outside of your\nprocess. That means that the following won't work:\n\n
\n$ iojs -e 'process.env.foo = "bar"' && echo $foo
\nBut this will:\n\n
\nprocess.env.foo = 'bar';\nconsole.log(process.env.foo);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.exitCode",
"name": "exitCode",
"desc": "A number which will be the process exit code, when the process either\nexits gracefully, or is exited via process.exit()
without specifying\na code.\n\n
Specifying a code to process.exit(code)
will override any previous\nsetting of process.exitCode
.\n\n\n
A compiled-in property that exposes NODE_VERSION
.\n\n
console.log('Version: ' + process.version);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.versions",
"name": "versions",
"desc": "A property exposing version strings of io.js and its dependencies.\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.versions);
\nWill print something like:\n\n
\n{ http_parser: '2.3.0',\n node: '1.1.1',\n v8: '4.1.0.14',\n uv: '1.3.0',\n zlib: '1.2.8',\n ares: '1.10.0-DEV',\n modules: '43',\n openssl: '1.0.1k' }
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.config",
"name": "config",
"desc": "An Object containing the JavaScript representation of the configure options\nthat were used to compile the current io.js executable. This is the same as\nthe "config.gypi" file that was produced when running the ./configure
script.\n\n
An example of the possible output looks like:\n\n
\n{ target_defaults:\n { cflags: [],\n default_configuration: 'Release',\n defines: [],\n include_dirs: [],\n libraries: [] },\n variables:\n { host_arch: 'x64',\n node_install_npm: 'true',\n node_prefix: '',\n node_shared_cares: 'false',\n node_shared_http_parser: 'false',\n node_shared_libuv: 'false',\n node_shared_zlib: 'false',\n node_use_dtrace: 'false',\n node_use_openssl: 'true',\n node_shared_openssl: 'false',\n strict_aliasing: 'true',\n target_arch: 'x64',\n v8_use_snapshot: 'true' } }
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.release",
"name": "release",
"desc": "An Object containing metadata related to the current release, including URLs\nfor the source tarball and headers-only tarball.\n\n
\nprocess.release
contains the following properties:\n\n
name
: a string with a value that will always be "io.js"
for io.js.sourceUrl
: a complete URL pointing to a .tar.gz file containing the\nsource of the current release.headersUrl
: a complete URL pointing to a .tar.gz file containing only\nthe header files for the current release. This file is significantly smaller\nthan the full source file and can be used for compiling add-ons against\nio.js.libUrl
: a complete URL pointing to an iojs.lib file matching the\narchitecture and version of the current release. This file is used for\ncompiling add-ons against io.js. This property is only present on Windows\nbuilds of io.js and will be missing on all other platforms.e.g.\n\n
\n{ name: 'io.js',\n sourceUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/iojs-v2.3.5.tar.gz',\n headersUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/iojs-v2.3.5-headers.tar.gz',\n libUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/win-x64/iojs.lib' }
\nIn custom builds from non-release versions of the source tree, only the\nname
property may be present. The additional properties should not be\nrelied upon to exist.\n\n
The PID of the process.\n\n
\nconsole.log('This process is pid ' + process.pid);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.title",
"name": "title",
"desc": "Getter/setter to set what is displayed in 'ps'.\n\n
\nWhen used as a setter, the maximum length is platform-specific and probably\nshort.\n\n
\nOn Linux and OS X, it's limited to the size of the binary name plus the\nlength of the command line arguments because it overwrites the argv memory.\n\n
\nv0.8 allowed for longer process title strings by also overwriting the environ\nmemory but that was potentially insecure/confusing in some (rather obscure)\ncases.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.arch", "name": "arch", "desc": "What processor architecture you're running on: 'arm'
, 'ia32'
, or 'x64'
.\n\n
console.log('This processor architecture is ' + process.arch);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.platform",
"name": "platform",
"desc": "What platform you're running on:\n'darwin'
, 'freebsd'
, 'linux'
, 'sunos'
or 'win32'
\n\n
console.log('This platform is ' + process.platform);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.mainModule",
"name": "mainModule",
"desc": "Alternate way to retrieve\nrequire.main
.\nThe difference is that if the main module changes at runtime, require.main
\nmight still refer to the original main module in modules that were required\nbefore the change occurred. Generally it's safe to assume that the two refer\nto the same module.\n\n
As with require.main
, it will be undefined
if there was no entry script.\n\n
This causes io.js to emit an abort. This will cause io.js to exit and\ngenerate a core file.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.chdir(directory)", "type": "method", "name": "chdir", "desc": "Changes the current working directory of the process or throws an exception if that fails.\n\n
\nconsole.log('Starting directory: ' + process.cwd());\ntry {\n process.chdir('/tmp');\n console.log('New directory: ' + process.cwd());\n}\ncatch (err) {\n console.log('chdir: ' + err);\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "directory"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.cwd()",
"type": "method",
"name": "cwd",
"desc": "Returns the current working directory of the process.\n\n
\nconsole.log('Current directory: ' + process.cwd());
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.exit([code])",
"type": "method",
"name": "exit",
"desc": "Ends the process with the specified code
. If omitted, exit uses the\n'success' code 0
.\n\n
To exit with a 'failure' code:\n\n
\nprocess.exit(1);
\nThe shell that executed io.js should see the exit code as 1.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "code", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.getgid()", "type": "method", "name": "getgid", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the group identity of the process. (See getgid(2).)\nThis is the numerical group id, not the group name.\n\n
\nif (process.getgid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getgid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getegid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getegid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the effective group identity of the process. (See getegid(2).)\nThis is the numerical group id, not the group name.\n\n
\nif (process.getegid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getegid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setgid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setgid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).) This accepts either\na numerical ID or a groupname string. If a groupname is specified, this method\nblocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getgid && process.setgid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getgid());\n try {\n process.setgid(501);\n console.log('New gid: ' + process.getgid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set gid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setegid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setegid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the effective group identity of the process. (See setegid(2).)\nThis accepts either a numerical ID or a groupname string. If a groupname\nis specified, this method blocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getegid && process.setegid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getegid());\n try {\n process.setegid(501);\n console.log('New gid: ' + process.getegid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set gid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getuid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the user identity of the process. (See getuid(2).)\nThis is the numerical userid, not the username.\n\n
\nif (process.getuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.getuid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.geteuid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "geteuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the effective user identity of the process. (See geteuid(2).)\nThis is the numerical userid, not the username.\n\n
\nif (process.geteuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setuid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).) This accepts either\na numerical ID or a username string. If a username is specified, this method\nblocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getuid && process.setuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.getuid());\n try {\n process.setuid(501);\n console.log('New uid: ' + process.getuid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set uid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.seteuid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "seteuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the effective user identity of the process. (See seteuid(2).)\nThis accepts either a numerical ID or a username string. If a username\nis specified, this method blocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.geteuid && process.seteuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n try {\n process.seteuid(501);\n console.log('New uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set uid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getgroups()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getgroups",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nReturns an array with the supplementary group IDs. POSIX leaves it unspecified\nif the effective group ID is included but io.js ensures it always is.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.setgroups(groups)", "type": "method", "name": "setgroups", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the supplementary group IDs. This is a privileged operation, meaning you\nneed to be root or have the CAP_SETGID capability.\n\n
\nThe list can contain group IDs, group names or both.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "groups" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.initgroups(user, extra_group)", "type": "method", "name": "initgroups", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nReads /etc/group and initializes the group access list, using all groups of\nwhich the user is a member. This is a privileged operation, meaning you need\nto be root or have the CAP_SETGID capability.\n\n
\nuser
is a user name or user ID. extra_group
is a group name or group ID.\n\n
Some care needs to be taken when dropping privileges. Example:\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 0 ]\nprocess.initgroups('bnoordhuis', 1000); // switch user\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 27, 30, 46, 1000, 0 ]\nprocess.setgid(1000); // drop root gid\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 27, 30, 46, 1000 ]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "user"
},
{
"name": "extra_group"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.kill(pid[, signal])",
"type": "method",
"name": "kill",
"desc": "Send a signal to a process. pid
is the process id and signal
is the\nstring describing the signal to send. Signal names are strings like\n'SIGINT' or 'SIGHUP'. If omitted, the signal will be 'SIGTERM'.\nSee Signal Events and kill(2) for more information.\n\n
Will throw an error if target does not exist, and as a special case, a signal of\n0
can be used to test for the existence of a process.\n\n
Note that just because the name of this function is process.kill
, it is\nreally just a signal sender, like the kill
system call. The signal sent\nmay do something other than kill the target process.\n\n
Example of sending a signal to yourself:\n\n
\nprocess.on('SIGHUP', function() {\n console.log('Got SIGHUP signal.');\n});\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('Exiting.');\n process.exit(0);\n}, 100);\n\nprocess.kill(process.pid, 'SIGHUP');
\nNote: When SIGUSR1 is received by io.js it starts the debugger, see\nSignal Events.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "pid" }, { "name": "signal", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.memoryUsage()", "type": "method", "name": "memoryUsage", "desc": "Returns an object describing the memory usage of the io.js process\nmeasured in bytes.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\n\nconsole.log(util.inspect(process.memoryUsage()));
\nThis will generate:\n\n
\n{ rss: 4935680,\n heapTotal: 1826816,\n heapUsed: 650472 }
\nheapTotal
and heapUsed
refer to V8's memory usage.\n\n\n
Once the current event loop turn runs to completion, call the callback\nfunction.\n\n
\nThis is not a simple alias to setTimeout(fn, 0)
, it's much more\nefficient. It runs before any additional I/O events (including\ntimers) fire in subsequent ticks of the event loop.\n\n
console.log('start');\nprocess.nextTick(function() {\n console.log('nextTick callback');\n});\nconsole.log('scheduled');\n// Output:\n// start\n// scheduled\n// nextTick callback
\nThis is important in developing APIs where you want to give the user the\nchance to assign event handlers after an object has been constructed,\nbut before any I/O has occurred.\n\n
\nfunction MyThing(options) {\n this.setupOptions(options);\n\n process.nextTick(function() {\n this.startDoingStuff();\n }.bind(this));\n}\n\nvar thing = new MyThing();\nthing.getReadyForStuff();\n\n// thing.startDoingStuff() gets called now, not before.
\nIt is very important for APIs to be either 100% synchronous or 100%\nasynchronous. Consider this example:\n\n
\n// WARNING! DO NOT USE! BAD UNSAFE HAZARD!\nfunction maybeSync(arg, cb) {\n if (arg) {\n cb();\n return;\n }\n\n fs.stat('file', cb);\n}
\nThis API is hazardous. If you do this:\n\n
\nmaybeSync(true, function() {\n foo();\n});\nbar();
\nthen it's not clear whether foo()
or bar()
will be called first.\n\n
This approach is much better:\n\n
\nfunction definitelyAsync(arg, cb) {\n if (arg) {\n process.nextTick(cb);\n return;\n }\n\n fs.stat('file', cb);\n}
\nNote: the nextTick queue is completely drained on each pass of the\nevent loop before additional I/O is processed. As a result,\nrecursively setting nextTick callbacks will block any I/O from\nhappening, just like a while(true);
loop.\n\n
Sets or reads the process's file mode creation mask. Child processes inherit\nthe mask from the parent process. Returns the old mask if mask
argument is\ngiven, otherwise returns the current mask.\n\n
var oldmask, newmask = 0022;\n\noldmask = process.umask(newmask);\nconsole.log('Changed umask from: ' + oldmask.toString(8) +\n ' to ' + newmask.toString(8));
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "mask",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.uptime()",
"type": "method",
"name": "uptime",
"desc": "Number of seconds io.js has been running.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.hrtime()", "type": "method", "name": "hrtime", "desc": "Returns the current high-resolution real time in a [seconds, nanoseconds]
\ntuple Array. It is relative to an arbitrary time in the past. It is not\nrelated to the time of day and therefore not subject to clock drift. The\nprimary use is for measuring performance between intervals.\n\n
You may pass in the result of a previous call to process.hrtime()
to get\na diff reading, useful for benchmarks and measuring intervals:\n\n
var time = process.hrtime();\n// [ 1800216, 25 ]\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n var diff = process.hrtime(time);\n // [ 1, 552 ]\n\n console.log('benchmark took %d nanoseconds', diff[0] * 1e9 + diff[1]);\n // benchmark took 1000000527 nanoseconds\n}, 1000);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
}
]
}
],
"vars": [
{
"textRaw": "require()",
"type": "var",
"name": "require",
"desc": "To require modules. See the [Modules][] section. require
isn't actually a\nglobal but rather local to each module.\n\n
Use the internal require()
machinery to look up the location of a module,\nbut rather than loading the module, just return the resolved filename.\n\n
Modules are cached in this object when they are required. By deleting a key\nvalue from this object, the next require
will reload the module.\n\n
Instruct require
on how to handle certain file extensions.\n\n
Process files with the extension .sjs
as .js
:\n\n
require.extensions['.sjs'] = require.extensions['.js'];
\nDeprecated In the past, this list has been used to load\nnon-JavaScript modules into io.js by compiling them on-demand.\nHowever, in practice, there are much better ways to do this, such as\nloading modules via some other io.js program, or compiling them to\nJavaScript ahead of time.\n\n
\nSince the Module system is locked, this feature will probably never go\naway. However, it may have subtle bugs and complexities that are best\nleft untouched.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "__filename", "name": "__filename", "type": "var", "desc": "The filename of the code being executed. This is the resolved absolute path\nof this code file. For a main program this is not necessarily the same\nfilename used in the command line. The value inside a module is the path\nto that module file.\n\n
\nExample: running iojs example.js
from /Users/mjr
\n\n
console.log(__filename);\n// /Users/mjr/example.js
\n__filename
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
The name of the directory that the currently executing script resides in.\n\n
\nExample: running iojs example.js
from /Users/mjr
\n\n
console.log(__dirname);\n// /Users/mjr
\n__dirname
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n\n
A reference to the current module. In particular\nmodule.exports
is used for defining what a module exports and makes\navailable through require()
.\n\n
module
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
See the [module system documentation][] for more information.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "exports", "name": "exports", "type": "var", "desc": "A reference to the module.exports
that is shorter to type.\nSee [module system documentation][] for details on when to use exports
and\nwhen to use module.exports
.\n\n
exports
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
See the [module system documentation][] for more information.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "setTimeout(cb, ms)", "type": "method", "name": "setTimeout", "desc": "Run callback cb
after at least ms
milliseconds. The actual delay depends\non external factors like OS timer granularity and system load.\n\n
The timeout must be in the range of 1-2,147,483,647 inclusive. If the value is\noutside that range, it's changed to 1 millisecond. Broadly speaking, a timer\ncannot span more than 24.8 days.\n\n
\nReturns an opaque value that represents the timer.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "cb" }, { "name": "ms" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "clearTimeout(t)", "type": "method", "name": "clearTimeout", "desc": "Stop a timer that was previously created with setTimeout()
. The callback will\nnot execute.\n\n
Run callback cb
repeatedly every ms
milliseconds. Note that the actual\ninterval may vary, depending on external factors like OS timer granularity and\nsystem load. It's never less than ms
but it may be longer.\n\n
The interval must be in the range of 1-2,147,483,647 inclusive. If the value is\noutside that range, it's changed to 1 millisecond. Broadly speaking, a timer\ncannot span more than 24.8 days.\n\n
\nReturns an opaque value that represents the timer.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "cb" }, { "name": "ms" } ] } ] } ] } ], "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Addons", "name": "addons", "desc": "Addons are dynamically linked shared objects. They can provide glue to C and\nC++ libraries. The API (at the moment) is rather complex, involving\nknowledge of several libraries:\n\n
\nV8 JavaScript, a C++ library. Used for interfacing with JavaScript:\ncreating objects, calling functions, etc. Documented mostly in the\nv8.h
header file (deps/v8/include/v8.h
in the io.js source\ntree), which is also available\nonline.
libuv, C event loop library.\nAnytime one needs to wait for a file descriptor to become readable,\nwait for a timer, or wait for a signal to be received one will need\nto interface with libuv. That is, if you perform any I/O, libuv will\nneed to be used.
\nInternal io.js libraries. Most importantly is the node::ObjectWrap
\nclass which you will likely want to derive from.
Others. Look in deps/
for what else is available.
io.js statically compiles all its dependencies into the executable.\nWhen compiling your module, you don't need to worry about linking to\nany of these libraries.\n\n
\nAll of the following examples are available for\ndownload and may be\nused as a starting-point for your own Addon.\n\n
\n", "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Hello world", "name": "hello_world", "desc": "To get started let's make a small Addon which is the C++ equivalent of\nthe following JavaScript code:\n\n
\nmodule.exports.hello = function() { return 'world'; };
\nFirst we create a file hello.cc
:\n\n
// hello.cc\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid Method(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "world"));\n}\n\nvoid init(Local<Object> exports) {\n NODE_SET_METHOD(exports, "hello", Method);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, init)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nNote that all io.js addons must export an initialization function:\n\n
\nvoid Initialize(Local<Object> exports);\nNODE_MODULE(module_name, Initialize)
\nThere is no semi-colon after NODE_MODULE
as it's not a function (see\nnode.h
).\n\n
The module_name
needs to match the filename of the final binary (minus the\n.node suffix).\n\n
The source code needs to be built into addon.node
, the binary Addon. To\ndo this we create a file called binding.gyp
which describes the configuration\nto build your module in a JSON-like format. This file gets compiled by\nnode-gyp.\n\n
{\n "targets": [\n {\n "target_name": "addon",\n "sources": [ "hello.cc" ]\n }\n ]\n}
\nThe next step is to generate the appropriate project build files for the\ncurrent platform. Use node-gyp configure
for that.\n\n
Now you will have either a Makefile
(on Unix platforms) or a vcxproj
file\n(on Windows) in the build/
directory. Next invoke the node-gyp build
\ncommand.\n\n
Now you have your compiled .node
bindings file! The compiled bindings end up\nin build/Release/
.\n\n
You can now use the binary addon in an io.js project hello.js
by pointing\nrequire
to the recently built hello.node
module:\n\n
// hello.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nconsole.log(addon.hello()); // 'world'
\nPlease see patterns below for further information or\n
\nhttps://github.com/arturadib/node-qt for an example in production.\n\n\n
\n", "type": "module", "displayName": "Hello world" }, { "textRaw": "Addon patterns", "name": "addon_patterns", "desc": "Below are some addon patterns to help you get started. Consult the online\nv8 reference for help with the various v8\ncalls, and v8's Embedder's Guide\nfor an explanation of several concepts used such as handles, scopes,\nfunction templates, etc.\n\n
\nIn order to use these examples you need to compile them using node-gyp
.\nCreate the following binding.gyp
file:\n\n
{\n "targets": [\n {\n "target_name": "addon",\n "sources": [ "addon.cc" ]\n }\n ]\n}
\nIn cases where there is more than one .cc
file, simply add the file name to\nthe sources
array, e.g.:\n\n
"sources": ["addon.cc", "myexample.cc"]
\nNow that you have your binding.gyp
ready, you can configure and build the\naddon:\n\n
$ node-gyp configure build
\n",
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "Function arguments",
"name": "function_arguments",
"desc": "The following pattern illustrates how to read arguments from JavaScript\nfunction calls and return a result. This is the main and only needed source\naddon.cc
:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Exception;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Number;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid Add(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n if (args.Length() < 2) {\n isolate->ThrowException(Exception::TypeError(\n String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "Wrong number of arguments")));\n return;\n }\n\n if (!args[0]->IsNumber() || !args[1]->IsNumber()) {\n isolate->ThrowException(Exception::TypeError(\n String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "Wrong arguments")));\n return;\n }\n\n double value = args[0]->NumberValue() + args[1]->NumberValue();\n Local<Number> num = Number::New(isolate, value);\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(num);\n}\n\nvoid Init(Local<Object> exports) {\n NODE_SET_METHOD(exports, "add", Add);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, Init)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nYou can test it with the following JavaScript snippet:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nconsole.log( 'This should be eight:', addon.add(3,5) );
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Function arguments"
},
{
"textRaw": "Callbacks",
"name": "callbacks",
"desc": "You can pass JavaScript functions to a C++ function and execute them from\nthere. Here's addon.cc
:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Function;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Null;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid RunCallback(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n Local<Function> cb = Local<Function>::Cast(args[0]);\n const unsigned argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "hello world") };\n cb->Call(Null(isolate), argc, argv);\n}\n\nvoid Init(Local<Object> exports, Local<Object> module) {\n NODE_SET_METHOD(module, "exports", RunCallback);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, Init)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nNote that this example uses a two-argument form of Init()
that receives\nthe full module
object as the second argument. This allows the addon\nto completely overwrite exports
with a single function instead of\nadding the function as a property of exports
.\n\n
To test it run the following JavaScript snippet:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\naddon(function(msg){\n console.log(msg); // 'hello world'\n});
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Callbacks"
},
{
"textRaw": "Object factory",
"name": "object_factory",
"desc": "You can create and return new objects from within a C++ function with this\naddon.cc
pattern, which returns an object with property msg
that echoes\nthe string passed to createObject()
:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid CreateObject(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n Local<Object> obj = Object::New(isolate);\n obj->Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "msg"), args[0]->ToString());\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(obj);\n}\n\nvoid Init(Local<Object> exports, Local<Object> module) {\n NODE_SET_METHOD(module, "exports", CreateObject);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, Init)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTo test it in JavaScript:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nvar obj1 = addon('hello');\nvar obj2 = addon('world');\nconsole.log(obj1.msg+' '+obj2.msg); // 'hello world'
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Object factory"
},
{
"textRaw": "Function factory",
"name": "function_factory",
"desc": "This pattern illustrates how to create and return a JavaScript function that\nwraps a C++ function:\n\n
\n// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Function;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::FunctionTemplate;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid MyFunction(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "hello world"));\n}\n\nvoid CreateFunction(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n Local<FunctionTemplate> tpl = FunctionTemplate::New(isolate, MyFunction);\n Local<Function> fn = tpl->GetFunction();\n\n // omit this to make it anonymous\n fn->SetName(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "theFunction"));\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(fn);\n}\n\nvoid Init(Local<Object> exports, Local<Object> module) {\n NODE_SET_METHOD(module, "exports", CreateFunction);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, Init)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTo test:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nvar fn = addon();\nconsole.log(fn()); // 'hello world'
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Function factory"
},
{
"textRaw": "Wrapping C++ objects",
"name": "wrapping_c++_objects",
"desc": "Here we will create a wrapper for a C++ object/class MyObject
that can be\ninstantiated in JavaScript through the new
operator. First prepare the main\nmodule addon.cc
:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\n\nvoid InitAll(Local<Object> exports) {\n MyObject::Init(exports);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, InitAll)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nThen in myobject.h
make your wrapper inherit from node::ObjectWrap
:\n\n
// myobject.h\n#ifndef MYOBJECT_H\n#define MYOBJECT_H\n\n#include <node.h>\n#include <node_object_wrap.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nclass MyObject : public node::ObjectWrap {\n public:\n static void Init(v8::Local<v8::Object> exports);\n\n private:\n explicit MyObject(double value = 0);\n ~MyObject();\n\n static void New(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n static void PlusOne(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n static v8::Persistent<v8::Function> constructor;\n double value_;\n};\n\n} // namespace demo\n\n#endif
\nAnd in myobject.cc
implement the various methods that you want to expose.\nHere we expose the method plusOne
by adding it to the constructor's\nprototype:\n\n
// myobject.cc\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Function;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::FunctionTemplate;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Number;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::Persistent;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nPersistent<Function> MyObject::constructor;\n\nMyObject::MyObject(double value) : value_(value) {\n}\n\nMyObject::~MyObject() {\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::Init(Local<Object> exports) {\n Isolate* isolate = exports->GetIsolate();\n\n // Prepare constructor template\n Local<FunctionTemplate> tpl = FunctionTemplate::New(isolate, New);\n tpl->SetClassName(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "MyObject"));\n tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetInternalFieldCount(1);\n\n // Prototype\n NODE_SET_PROTOTYPE_METHOD(tpl, "plusOne", PlusOne);\n\n constructor.Reset(isolate, tpl->GetFunction());\n exports->Set(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "MyObject"),\n tpl->GetFunction());\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::New(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n if (args.IsConstructCall()) {\n // Invoked as constructor: `new MyObject(...)`\n double value = args[0]->IsUndefined() ? 0 : args[0]->NumberValue();\n MyObject* obj = new MyObject(value);\n obj->Wrap(args.This());\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(args.This());\n } else {\n // Invoked as plain function `MyObject(...)`, turn into construct call.\n const int argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { args[0] };\n Local<Function> cons = Local<Function>::New(isolate, constructor);\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(cons->NewInstance(argc, argv));\n }\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::PlusOne(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n MyObject* obj = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<MyObject>(args.Holder());\n obj->value_ += 1;\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(Number::New(isolate, obj->value_));\n}\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTest it with:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nvar obj = new addon.MyObject(10);\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 11\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 12\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 13
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Wrapping C++ objects"
},
{
"textRaw": "Factory of wrapped objects",
"name": "factory_of_wrapped_objects",
"desc": "This is useful when you want to be able to create native objects without\nexplicitly instantiating them with the new
operator in JavaScript, e.g.\n\n
var obj = addon.createObject();\n// instead of:\n// var obj = new addon.Object();
\nLet's register our createObject
method in addon.cc
:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid CreateObject(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n MyObject::NewInstance(args);\n}\n\nvoid InitAll(Local<Object> exports, Local<Object> module) {\n MyObject::Init(exports->GetIsolate());\n\n NODE_SET_METHOD(module, "exports", CreateObject);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, InitAll)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nIn myobject.h
we now introduce the static method NewInstance
that takes\ncare of instantiating the object (i.e. it does the job of new
in JavaScript):\n\n
// myobject.h\n#ifndef MYOBJECT_H\n#define MYOBJECT_H\n\n#include <node.h>\n#include <node_object_wrap.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nclass MyObject : public node::ObjectWrap {\n public:\n static void Init(v8::Isolate* isolate);\n static void NewInstance(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n\n private:\n explicit MyObject(double value = 0);\n ~MyObject();\n\n static void New(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n static void PlusOne(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n static v8::Persistent<v8::Function> constructor;\n double value_;\n};\n\n} // namespace demo\n\n#endif
\nThe implementation is similar to the above in myobject.cc
:\n\n
// myobject.cc\n#include <node.h>\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Function;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::FunctionTemplate;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Number;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::Persistent;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nPersistent<Function> MyObject::constructor;\n\nMyObject::MyObject(double value) : value_(value) {\n}\n\nMyObject::~MyObject() {\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::Init(Isolate* isolate) {\n // Prepare constructor template\n Local<FunctionTemplate> tpl = FunctionTemplate::New(isolate, New);\n tpl->SetClassName(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "MyObject"));\n tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetInternalFieldCount(1);\n\n // Prototype\n NODE_SET_PROTOTYPE_METHOD(tpl, "plusOne", PlusOne);\n\n constructor.Reset(isolate, tpl->GetFunction());\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::New(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n if (args.IsConstructCall()) {\n // Invoked as constructor: `new MyObject(...)`\n double value = args[0]->IsUndefined() ? 0 : args[0]->NumberValue();\n MyObject* obj = new MyObject(value);\n obj->Wrap(args.This());\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(args.This());\n } else {\n // Invoked as plain function `MyObject(...)`, turn into construct call.\n const int argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { args[0] };\n Local<Function> cons = Local<Function>::New(isolate, constructor);\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(cons->NewInstance(argc, argv));\n }\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::NewInstance(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n const unsigned argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { args[0] };\n Local<Function> cons = Local<Function>::New(isolate, constructor);\n Local<Object> instance = cons->NewInstance(argc, argv);\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(instance);\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::PlusOne(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n MyObject* obj = ObjectWrap::Unwrap<MyObject>(args.Holder());\n obj->value_ += 1;\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(Number::New(isolate, obj->value_));\n}\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTest it with:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar createObject = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nvar obj = createObject(10);\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 11\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 12\nconsole.log( obj.plusOne() ); // 13\n\nvar obj2 = createObject(20);\nconsole.log( obj2.plusOne() ); // 21\nconsole.log( obj2.plusOne() ); // 22\nconsole.log( obj2.plusOne() ); // 23
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Factory of wrapped objects"
},
{
"textRaw": "Passing wrapped objects around",
"name": "passing_wrapped_objects_around",
"desc": "In addition to wrapping and returning C++ objects, you can pass them around\nby unwrapping them with io.js's node::ObjectWrap::Unwrap
helper function.\nIn the following addon.cc
we introduce a function add()
that can take on two\nMyObject
objects:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#include <node.h>\n#include <node_object_wrap.h>\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Number;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nvoid CreateObject(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n MyObject::NewInstance(args);\n}\n\nvoid Add(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n MyObject* obj1 = node::ObjectWrap::Unwrap<MyObject>(\n args[0]->ToObject());\n MyObject* obj2 = node::ObjectWrap::Unwrap<MyObject>(\n args[1]->ToObject());\n\n double sum = obj1->value() + obj2->value();\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(Number::New(isolate, sum));\n}\n\nvoid InitAll(Local<Object> exports) {\n MyObject::Init(exports->GetIsolate());\n\n NODE_SET_METHOD(exports, "createObject", CreateObject);\n NODE_SET_METHOD(exports, "add", Add);\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, InitAll)\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTo make things interesting we introduce a public method in myobject.h
so we\ncan probe private values after unwrapping the object:\n\n
// myobject.h\n#ifndef MYOBJECT_H\n#define MYOBJECT_H\n\n#include <node.h>\n#include <node_object_wrap.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nclass MyObject : public node::ObjectWrap {\n public:\n static void Init(v8::Isolate* isolate);\n static void NewInstance(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n inline double value() const { return value_; }\n\n private:\n explicit MyObject(double value = 0);\n ~MyObject();\n\n static void New(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& args);\n static v8::Persistent<v8::Function> constructor;\n double value_;\n};\n\n} // namespace demo\n\n#endif
\nThe implementation of myobject.cc
is similar as before:\n\n
// myobject.cc\n#include <node.h>\n#include "myobject.h"\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing v8::Function;\nusing v8::FunctionCallbackInfo;\nusing v8::FunctionTemplate;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\nusing v8::Persistent;\nusing v8::String;\nusing v8::Value;\n\nPersistent<Function> MyObject::constructor;\n\nMyObject::MyObject(double value) : value_(value) {\n}\n\nMyObject::~MyObject() {\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::Init(Isolate* isolate) {\n // Prepare constructor template\n Local<FunctionTemplate> tpl = FunctionTemplate::New(isolate, New);\n tpl->SetClassName(String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "MyObject"));\n tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetInternalFieldCount(1);\n\n constructor.Reset(isolate, tpl->GetFunction());\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::New(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n if (args.IsConstructCall()) {\n // Invoked as constructor: `new MyObject(...)`\n double value = args[0]->IsUndefined() ? 0 : args[0]->NumberValue();\n MyObject* obj = new MyObject(value);\n obj->Wrap(args.This());\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(args.This());\n } else {\n // Invoked as plain function `MyObject(...)`, turn into construct call.\n const int argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { args[0] };\n Local<Function> cons = Local<Function>::New(isolate, constructor);\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(cons->NewInstance(argc, argv));\n }\n}\n\nvoid MyObject::NewInstance(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {\n Isolate* isolate = args.GetIsolate();\n\n const unsigned argc = 1;\n Local<Value> argv[argc] = { args[0] };\n Local<Function> cons = Local<Function>::New(isolate, constructor);\n Local<Object> instance = cons->NewInstance(argc, argv);\n\n args.GetReturnValue().Set(instance);\n}\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTest it with:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');\n\nvar obj1 = addon.createObject(10);\nvar obj2 = addon.createObject(20);\nvar result = addon.add(obj1, obj2);\n\nconsole.log(result); // 30
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Passing wrapped objects around"
},
{
"textRaw": "AtExit hooks",
"name": "atexit_hooks",
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "void AtExit(callback, args)",
"name": "void_atexit(callback,_args)",
"desc": "Registers exit hooks that run after the event loop has ended, but before the VM\nis killed.\n\n
\nCallbacks are run in last-in, first-out order. AtExit takes two parameters:\na pointer to a callback function to run at exit, and a pointer to untyped\ncontext data to be passed to that callback.\n\n
\nThe file addon.cc
implements AtExit below:\n\n
// addon.cc\n#undef NDEBUG\n#include <assert.h>\n#include <stdlib.h>\n#include <node.h>\n\nnamespace demo {\n\nusing node::AtExit;\nusing v8::HandleScope;\nusing v8::Isolate;\nusing v8::Local;\nusing v8::Object;\n\nstatic char cookie[] = "yum yum";\nstatic int at_exit_cb1_called = 0;\nstatic int at_exit_cb2_called = 0;\n\nstatic void at_exit_cb1(void* arg) {\n Isolate* isolate = static_cast<Isolate*>(arg);\n HandleScope scope(isolate);\n Local<Object> obj = Object::New(isolate);\n assert(!obj.IsEmpty()); // assert VM is still alive\n assert(obj->IsObject());\n at_exit_cb1_called++;\n}\n\nstatic void at_exit_cb2(void* arg) {\n assert(arg == static_cast<void*>(cookie));\n at_exit_cb2_called++;\n}\n\nstatic void sanity_check(void*) {\n assert(at_exit_cb1_called == 1);\n assert(at_exit_cb2_called == 2);\n}\n\nvoid init(Local<Object> exports) {\n AtExit(sanity_check);\n AtExit(at_exit_cb2, cookie);\n AtExit(at_exit_cb2, cookie);\n AtExit(at_exit_cb1, exports->GetIsolate());\n}\n\nNODE_MODULE(addon, init);\n\n} // namespace demo
\nTest in JavaScript by running:\n\n
\n// test.js\nvar addon = require('./build/Release/addon');
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "void AtExit(callback, args)"
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "AtExit hooks"
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Addon patterns"
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Addons"
},
{
"textRaw": "Assert",
"name": "assert",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "This module is used for writing unit tests for your applications, you can\naccess it with require('assert')
.\n\n
Throws an exception that displays the values for actual
and expected
separated by the provided operator.\n\n
Tests if value is truthy, it is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!value, message);
\n\n
Tests shallow, coercive equality with the equal comparison operator ( ==
).\n\n
Tests shallow, coercive non-equality with the not equal comparison operator ( !=
).\n\n
Tests for deep equality. Primitive values are compared with the equal comparison\noperator ( ==
). Doesn't take object prototypes into account.\n\n
Tests for any deep inequality. Opposite of assert.deepEqual
.\n\n
Tests strict equality, as determined by the strict equality operator ( ===
)\n\n
Tests strict non-equality, as determined by the strict not equal\noperator ( !==
)\n\n
Tests for deep equality. Primitive values are compared with the strict equality\noperator ( ===
).\n\n
Tests for deep inequality. Opposite of assert.deepStrictEqual
.\n\n
Expects block
to throw an error. error
can be constructor, RegExp
or\nvalidation function.\n\n
Validate instanceof using constructor:\n\n
\nassert.throws(\n function() {\n throw new Error("Wrong value");\n },\n Error\n);
\nValidate error message using RegExp:\n\n
\nassert.throws(\n function() {\n throw new Error("Wrong value");\n },\n /value/\n);
\nCustom error validation:\n\n
\nassert.throws(\n function() {\n throw new Error("Wrong value");\n },\n function(err) {\n if ( (err instanceof Error) && /value/.test(err) ) {\n return true;\n }\n },\n "unexpected error"\n);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "block"
},
{
"name": "error",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "message",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "assert.doesNotThrow(block[, message])",
"type": "method",
"name": "doesNotThrow",
"desc": "Expects block
not to throw an error, see assert.throws
for details.\n\n
Tests if value is not a false value, throws if it is a true value. Useful when\ntesting the first argument, error
in callbacks.\n\n
Pure JavaScript is Unicode friendly but not nice to binary data. When\ndealing with TCP streams or the file system, it's necessary to handle octet\nstreams. io.js has several strategies for manipulating, creating, and\nconsuming octet streams.\n\n
\nRaw data is stored in instances of the Buffer
class. A Buffer
is similar\nto an array of integers but corresponds to a raw memory allocation outside\nthe V8 heap. A Buffer
cannot be resized.\n\n
The Buffer
class is a global, making it very rare that one would need\nto ever require('buffer')
.\n\n
Converting between Buffers and JavaScript string objects requires an explicit\nencoding method. Here are the different string encodings.\n\n
\n'ascii'
- for 7 bit ASCII data only. This encoding method is very fast, and\nwill strip the high bit if set.
'utf8'
- Multibyte encoded Unicode characters. Many web pages and other\ndocument formats use UTF-8.
'utf16le'
- 2 or 4 bytes, little endian encoded Unicode characters.\nSurrogate pairs (U+10000 to U+10FFFF) are supported.
'ucs2'
- Alias of 'utf16le'
.
'base64'
- Base64 string encoding.
'binary'
- A way of encoding raw binary data into strings by using only\nthe first 8 bits of each character. This encoding method is deprecated and\nshould be avoided in favor of Buffer
objects where possible. This encoding\nwill be removed in future versions of io.js.
'hex'
- Encode each byte as two hexadecimal characters.
Creating a typed array from a Buffer
works with the following caveats:\n\n
The buffer's memory is copied, not shared.
\nThe buffer's memory is interpreted as an array, not a byte array. That is,\nnew Uint32Array(new Buffer([1,2,3,4]))
creates a 4-element Uint32Array
\nwith elements [1,2,3,4]
, not a Uint32Array
with a single element\n[0x1020304]
or [0x4030201]
.
NOTE: Node.js v0.8 simply retained a reference to the buffer in array.buffer
\ninstead of cloning it.\n\n
While more efficient, it introduces subtle incompatibilities with the typed\narrays specification. ArrayBuffer#slice()
makes a copy of the slice while\nBuffer#slice()
creates a view.\n\n
The Buffer class is a global type for dealing with binary data directly.\nIt can be constructed in a variety of ways.\n\n
\n", "classMethods": [ { "textRaw": "Class Method: Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)", "type": "classMethod", "name": "isEncoding", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} The encoding string to test ", "name": "encoding", "type": "String", "desc": "The encoding string to test" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "encoding" } ] } ], "desc": "Returns true if the encoding
is a valid encoding argument, or false\notherwise.\n\n
Tests if obj
is a Buffer
.\n\n
Gives the actual byte length of a string. encoding
defaults to 'utf8'
.\nThis is not the same as String.prototype.length
since that returns the\nnumber of characters in a string.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nstr = '\\u00bd + \\u00bc = \\u00be';\n\nconsole.log(str + ": " + str.length + " characters, " +\n Buffer.byteLength(str, 'utf8') + " bytes");\n\n// ½ + ¼ = ¾: 9 characters, 12 bytes
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Class Method: Buffer.concat(list[, totalLength])",
"type": "classMethod",
"name": "concat",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`list` {Array} List of Buffer objects to concat ",
"name": "list",
"type": "Array",
"desc": "List of Buffer objects to concat"
},
{
"textRaw": "`totalLength` {Number} Total length of the buffers when concatenated ",
"name": "totalLength",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "Total length of the buffers when concatenated",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "list"
},
{
"name": "totalLength",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Returns a buffer which is the result of concatenating all the buffers in\nthe list together.\n\n
\nIf the list has no items, or if the totalLength is 0, then it returns a\nzero-length buffer.\n\n
\nIf totalLength is not provided, it is read from the buffers in the list.\nHowever, this adds an additional loop to the function, so it is faster\nto provide the length explicitly.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class Method: Buffer.compare(buf1, buf2)", "type": "classMethod", "name": "compare", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`buf1` {Buffer} ", "name": "buf1", "type": "Buffer" }, { "textRaw": "`buf2` {Buffer} ", "name": "buf2", "type": "Buffer" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf1" }, { "name": "buf2" } ] } ], "desc": "The same as buf1.compare(buf2)
. Useful\nfor sorting an Array of Buffers:\n\n
var arr = [Buffer('1234'), Buffer('0123')];\narr.sort(Buffer.compare);
\n"
}
],
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "`length` Number ",
"name": "length",
"desc": "The size of the buffer in bytes. Note that this is not necessarily the size\nof the contents. length
refers to the amount of memory allocated for the\nbuffer object. It does not change when the contents of the buffer are changed.\n\n
buf = new Buffer(1234);\n\nconsole.log(buf.length);\nbuf.write("some string", 0, "ascii");\nconsole.log(buf.length);\n\n// 1234\n// 1234
\nWhile the length
property is not immutable, changing the value of length
\ncan result in undefined and inconsistent behavior. Applications that wish to\nmodify the length of a buffer should therefore treat length
as read-only and\nuse buf.slice
to create a new buffer.\n\n
buf = new Buffer(10);\nbuf.write("abcdefghj", 0, "ascii");\nconsole.log(buf.length); // 10\nbuf = buf.slice(0,5);\nconsole.log(buf.length); // 5
\n",
"shortDesc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf[index]",
"name": "[index]",
"desc": "Get and set the octet at index
. The values refer to individual bytes,\nso the legal range is between 0x00
and 0xFF
hex or 0
and 255
.\n\n
Example: copy an ASCII string into a buffer, one byte at a time:\n\n
\nstr = "io.js";\nbuf = new Buffer(str.length);\n\nfor (var i = 0; i < str.length ; i++) {\n buf[i] = str.charCodeAt(i);\n}\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// io.js
\n"
}
],
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "buf.write(string[, offset][, length][, encoding])",
"type": "method",
"name": "write",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`string` String - data to be written to buffer ",
"name": "string",
"desc": "String - data to be written to buffer"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number, Optional, Default: 0 ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number, Optional, Default: 0",
"optional": true
},
{
"textRaw": "`length` Number, Optional, Default: `buffer.length - offset` ",
"name": "length",
"desc": "Number, Optional, Default: `buffer.length - offset`",
"optional": true
},
{
"textRaw": "`encoding` String, Optional, Default: 'utf8' ",
"name": "encoding",
"desc": "String, Optional, Default: 'utf8'",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "string"
},
{
"name": "offset",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "length",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "encoding",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes string
to the buffer at offset
using the given encoding.\noffset
defaults to 0
, encoding
defaults to 'utf8'
. length
is\nthe number of bytes to write. Returns number of octets written. If buffer
did\nnot contain enough space to fit the entire string, it will write a partial\namount of the string. length
defaults to buffer.length - offset
.\nThe method will not write partial characters.\n\n
buf = new Buffer(256);\nlen = buf.write('\\u00bd + \\u00bc = \\u00be', 0);\nconsole.log(len + " bytes: " + buf.toString('utf8', 0, len));
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeIntLE(value, offset, byteLength[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeIntLE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: {Number} ",
"name": "return",
"type": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` {Number} Bytes to be written to buffer ",
"name": "value",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "Bytes to be written to buffer"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` {Number} `0 <= offset <= buf.length` ",
"name": "offset",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "`0 <= offset <= buf.length`"
},
{
"textRaw": "`byteLength` {Number} `0 < byteLength <= 6` ",
"name": "byteLength",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "`0 < byteLength <= 6`"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` {Boolean} Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "byteLength"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "byteLength"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset
and byteLength
.\nSupports up to 48 bits of accuracy. For example:\n\n
var b = new Buffer(6);\nb.writeUIntBE(0x1234567890ab, 0, 6);\n// <Buffer 12 34 56 78 90 ab>
\nSet noAssert
to true
to skip validation of value
and offset
. Defaults\nto false
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset
and byteLength
.\nSupports up to 48 bits of accuracy. For example:\n\n
var b = new Buffer(6);\nb.writeUIntBE(0x1234567890ab, 0, 6);\n// <Buffer 12 34 56 78 90 ab>
\nSet noAssert
to true
to skip validation of value
and offset
. Defaults\nto false
.\n\n
A generalized version of all numeric read methods. Supports up to 48 bits of\naccuracy. For example:\n\n
\nvar b = new Buffer(6);\nb.writeUint16LE(0x90ab, 0);\nb.writeUInt32LE(0x12345678, 2);\nb.readUIntLE(0, 6).toString(16); // Specify 6 bytes (48 bits)\n// output: '1234567890ab'
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
A generalized version of all numeric read methods. Supports up to 48 bits of\naccuracy. For example:\n\n
\nvar b = new Buffer(6);\nb.writeUint16LE(0x90ab, 0);\nb.writeUInt32LE(0x12345678, 2);\nb.readUIntLE(0, 6).toString(16); // Specify 6 bytes (48 bits)\n// output: '1234567890ab'
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Decodes and returns a string from buffer data encoded using the specified\ncharacter set encoding. If encoding
is undefined
or null
, then encoding
\ndefaults to 'utf8'. The
start and
end parameters default to
0 and\n
buffer.length when
undefined`.\n\n
buf = new Buffer(26);\nfor (var i = 0 ; i < 26 ; i++) {\n buf[i] = i + 97; // 97 is ASCII a\n}\nbuf.toString('ascii'); // outputs: abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\nbuf.toString('ascii',0,5); // outputs: abcde\nbuf.toString('utf8',0,5); // outputs: abcde\nbuf.toString(undefined,0,5); // encoding defaults to 'utf8', outputs abcde
\nSee buffer.write()
example, above.\n\n\n
Returns a JSON-representation of the Buffer instance. JSON.stringify
\nimplicitly calls this function when stringifying a Buffer instance.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer('test');\nvar json = JSON.stringify(buf);\n\nconsole.log(json);\n// '{"type":"Buffer","data":[116,101,115,116]}'\n\nvar copy = JSON.parse(json, function(key, value) {\n return value && value.type === 'Buffer'\n ? new Buffer(value.data)\n : value;\n });\n\nconsole.log(copy);\n// <Buffer 74 65 73 74>
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.equals(otherBuffer)",
"type": "method",
"name": "equals",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`otherBuffer` {Buffer} ",
"name": "otherBuffer",
"type": "Buffer"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "otherBuffer"
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Returns a boolean of whether this
and otherBuffer
have the same\nbytes.\n\n
Returns a number indicating whether this
comes before or after or is\nthe same as the otherBuffer
in sort order.\n\n\n
Copies data from a region of this buffer to a region in the target buffer even\nif the target memory region overlaps with the source. If undefined
the\ntargetStart
and sourceStart
parameters default to 0
while sourceEnd
\ndefaults to buffer.length
.\n\n
Example: build two Buffers, then copy buf1
from byte 16 through byte 19\ninto buf2
, starting at the 8th byte in buf2
.\n\n
buf1 = new Buffer(26);\nbuf2 = new Buffer(26);\n\nfor (var i = 0 ; i < 26 ; i++) {\n buf1[i] = i + 97; // 97 is ASCII a\n buf2[i] = 33; // ASCII !\n}\n\nbuf1.copy(buf2, 8, 16, 20);\nconsole.log(buf2.toString('ascii', 0, 25));\n\n// !!!!!!!!qrst!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\nExample: Build a single buffer, then copy data from one region to an overlapping\nregion in the same buffer\n\n
\nbuf = new Buffer(26);\n\nfor (var i = 0 ; i < 26 ; i++) {\n buf[i] = i + 97; // 97 is ASCII a\n}\n\nbuf.copy(buf, 0, 4, 10);\nconsole.log(buf.toString());\n\n// efghijghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.slice([start][, end])",
"type": "method",
"name": "slice",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`start` Number, Optional, Default: 0 ",
"name": "start",
"desc": "Number, Optional, Default: 0",
"optional": true
},
{
"textRaw": "`end` Number, Optional, Default: `buffer.length` ",
"name": "end",
"desc": "Number, Optional, Default: `buffer.length`",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "start",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "end",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Returns a new buffer which references the same memory as the old, but offset\nand cropped by the start
(defaults to 0
) and end
(defaults to\nbuffer.length
) indexes. Negative indexes start from the end of the buffer.\n\n
Modifying the new buffer slice will modify memory in the original buffer!\n\n
\nExample: build a Buffer with the ASCII alphabet, take a slice, then modify one\nbyte from the original Buffer.\n\n
\nvar buf1 = new Buffer(26);\n\nfor (var i = 0 ; i < 26 ; i++) {\n buf1[i] = i + 97; // 97 is ASCII a\n}\n\nvar buf2 = buf1.slice(0, 3);\nconsole.log(buf2.toString('ascii', 0, buf2.length));\nbuf1[0] = 33;\nconsole.log(buf2.toString('ascii', 0, buf2.length));\n\n// abc\n// !bc
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.indexOf(value[, byteOffset])",
"type": "method",
"name": "indexOf",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` String, Buffer or Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "String, Buffer or Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`byteOffset` Number, Optional, Default: 0 ",
"name": "byteOffset",
"desc": "Number, Optional, Default: 0",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "byteOffset",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Operates similar to\nArray#indexOf().\nAccepts a String, Buffer or Number. Strings are interpreted as UTF8. Buffers\nwill use the entire buffer. So in order to compare a partial Buffer use\nBuffer#slice()
. Numbers can range from 0 to 255.\n\n
Reads an unsigned 8 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x3;\nbuf[1] = 0x4;\nbuf[2] = 0x23;\nbuf[3] = 0x42;\n\nfor (ii = 0; ii < buf.length; ii++) {\n console.log(buf.readUInt8(ii));\n}\n\n// 0x3\n// 0x4\n// 0x23\n// 0x42
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readUInt16LE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readUInt16LE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads an unsigned 16 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x3;\nbuf[1] = 0x4;\nbuf[2] = 0x23;\nbuf[3] = 0x42;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(1));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(1));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(2));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(2));\n\n// 0x0304\n// 0x0403\n// 0x0423\n// 0x2304\n// 0x2342\n// 0x4223
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readUInt16BE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readUInt16BE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads an unsigned 16 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x3;\nbuf[1] = 0x4;\nbuf[2] = 0x23;\nbuf[3] = 0x42;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(1));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(1));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16BE(2));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt16LE(2));\n\n// 0x0304\n// 0x0403\n// 0x0423\n// 0x2304\n// 0x2342\n// 0x4223
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readUInt32LE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readUInt32LE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads an unsigned 32 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x3;\nbuf[1] = 0x4;\nbuf[2] = 0x23;\nbuf[3] = 0x42;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt32BE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt32LE(0));\n\n// 0x03042342\n// 0x42230403
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readUInt32BE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readUInt32BE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads an unsigned 32 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x3;\nbuf[1] = 0x4;\nbuf[2] = 0x23;\nbuf[3] = 0x42;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt32BE(0));\nconsole.log(buf.readUInt32LE(0));\n\n// 0x03042342\n// 0x42230403
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readInt8(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readInt8",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads a signed 8 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.readUInt8
, except buffer contents are treated as two's\ncomplement signed values.\n\n
Reads a signed 16 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.readUInt16*
, except buffer contents are treated as two's\ncomplement signed values.\n\n
Reads a signed 16 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.readUInt16*
, except buffer contents are treated as two's\ncomplement signed values.\n\n
Reads a signed 32 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.readUInt32*
, except buffer contents are treated as two's\ncomplement signed values.\n\n
Reads a signed 32 bit integer from the buffer at the specified offset with\nspecified endian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.readUInt32*
, except buffer contents are treated as two's\ncomplement signed values.\n\n
Reads a 32 bit float from the buffer at the specified offset with specified\nendian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x00;\nbuf[1] = 0x00;\nbuf[2] = 0x80;\nbuf[3] = 0x3f;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readFloatLE(0));\n\n// 0x01
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readFloatBE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readFloatBE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads a 32 bit float from the buffer at the specified offset with specified\nendian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x00;\nbuf[1] = 0x00;\nbuf[2] = 0x80;\nbuf[3] = 0x3f;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readFloatLE(0));\n\n// 0x01
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readDoubleLE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readDoubleLE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads a 64 bit double from the buffer at the specified offset with specified\nendian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(8);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x55;\nbuf[1] = 0x55;\nbuf[2] = 0x55;\nbuf[3] = 0x55;\nbuf[4] = 0x55;\nbuf[5] = 0x55;\nbuf[6] = 0xd5;\nbuf[7] = 0x3f;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readDoubleLE(0));\n\n// 0.3333333333333333
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.readDoubleBE(offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readDoubleBE",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: Number ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Number"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Reads a 64 bit double from the buffer at the specified offset with specified\nendian format.\n\n
\nSet noAssert
to true to skip validation of offset
. This means that offset
\nmay be beyond the end of the buffer. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(8);\n\nbuf[0] = 0x55;\nbuf[1] = 0x55;\nbuf[2] = 0x55;\nbuf[3] = 0x55;\nbuf[4] = 0x55;\nbuf[5] = 0x55;\nbuf[6] = 0xd5;\nbuf[7] = 0x3f;\n\nconsole.log(buf.readDoubleLE(0));\n\n// 0.3333333333333333
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeUInt8(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeUInt8",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset. Note, value
must be a\nvalid unsigned 8 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeUInt8(0x3, 0);\nbuf.writeUInt8(0x4, 1);\nbuf.writeUInt8(0x23, 2);\nbuf.writeUInt8(0x42, 3);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer 03 04 23 42>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeUInt16LE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeUInt16LE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid unsigned 16 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeUInt16BE(0xdead, 0);\nbuf.writeUInt16BE(0xbeef, 2);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeUInt16LE(0xdead, 0);\nbuf.writeUInt16LE(0xbeef, 2);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer de ad be ef>\n// <Buffer ad de ef be>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeUInt16BE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeUInt16BE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid unsigned 16 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeUInt16BE(0xdead, 0);\nbuf.writeUInt16BE(0xbeef, 2);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeUInt16LE(0xdead, 0);\nbuf.writeUInt16LE(0xbeef, 2);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer de ad be ef>\n// <Buffer ad de ef be>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeUInt32LE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeUInt32LE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid unsigned 32 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeUInt32BE(0xfeedface, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeUInt32LE(0xfeedface, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer fe ed fa ce>\n// <Buffer ce fa ed fe>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeUInt32BE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeUInt32BE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid unsigned 32 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeUInt32BE(0xfeedface, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeUInt32LE(0xfeedface, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer fe ed fa ce>\n// <Buffer ce fa ed fe>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeInt8(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeInt8",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset. Note, value
must be a\nvalid signed 8 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.writeUInt8
, except value is written out as a two's complement\nsigned integer into buffer
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid signed 16 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.writeUInt16*
, except value is written out as a two's\ncomplement signed integer into buffer
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid signed 16 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.writeUInt16*
, except value is written out as a two's\ncomplement signed integer into buffer
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid signed 32 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.writeUInt32*
, except value is written out as a two's\ncomplement signed integer into buffer
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid signed 32 bit integer.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Works as buffer.writeUInt32*
, except value is written out as a two's\ncomplement signed integer into buffer
.\n\n
Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, behavior is unspecified if value
is not a 32 bit float.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeFloatBE(0xcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeFloatLE(0xcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer 4f 4a fe bb>\n// <Buffer bb fe 4a 4f>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeFloatBE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeFloatBE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, behavior is unspecified if value
is not a 32 bit float.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(4);\nbuf.writeFloatBE(0xcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeFloatLE(0xcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer 4f 4a fe bb>\n// <Buffer bb fe 4a 4f>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeDoubleLE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeDoubleLE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid 64 bit double.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(8);\nbuf.writeDoubleBE(0xdeadbeefcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeDoubleLE(0xdeadbeefcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer 43 eb d5 b7 dd f9 5f d7>\n// <Buffer d7 5f f9 dd b7 d5 eb 43>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.writeDoubleBE(value, offset[, noAssert])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeDoubleBE",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` Number ",
"name": "value",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number ",
"name": "offset",
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`noAssert` Boolean, Optional, Default: false ",
"name": "noAssert",
"desc": "Boolean, Optional, Default: false",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset"
},
{
"name": "noAssert",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Writes value
to the buffer at the specified offset with specified endian\nformat. Note, value
must be a valid 64 bit double.\n\n
Set noAssert
to true to skip validation of value
and offset
. This means\nthat value
may be too large for the specific function and offset
may be\nbeyond the end of the buffer leading to the values being silently dropped. This\nshould not be used unless you are certain of correctness. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar buf = new Buffer(8);\nbuf.writeDoubleBE(0xdeadbeefcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\nbuf.writeDoubleLE(0xdeadbeefcafebabe, 0);\n\nconsole.log(buf);\n\n// <Buffer 43 eb d5 b7 dd f9 5f d7>\n// <Buffer d7 5f f9 dd b7 d5 eb 43>
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buf.fill(value[, offset][, end])",
"type": "method",
"name": "fill",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`value` ",
"name": "value"
},
{
"textRaw": "`offset` Number, Optional ",
"name": "offset",
"optional": true,
"desc": "Number"
},
{
"textRaw": "`end` Number, Optional ",
"name": "end",
"optional": true,
"desc": "Number"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "value"
},
{
"name": "offset",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "end",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Fills the buffer with the specified value. If the offset
(defaults to 0
)\nand end
(defaults to buffer.length
) are not given it will fill the entire\nbuffer.\n\n
var b = new Buffer(50);\nb.fill("h");
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "buffer.values()",
"type": "method",
"name": "values",
"desc": "Creates iterator for buffer values (bytes). This function is called automatically\nwhen buffer
is used in a for..of
statement.\n\n
Creates iterator for buffer keys (indices).\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "buffer.entries()", "type": "method", "name": "entries", "desc": "Creates iterator for [index, byte]
arrays.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer of size
bytes. size
must be less than\n1,073,741,824 bytes (1 GB) on 32 bits architectures or\n2,147,483,648 bytes (2 GB) on 64 bits architectures,\notherwise a RangeError
is thrown.\n\n
Unlike ArrayBuffers
, the underlying memory for buffers is not initialized. So\nthe contents of a newly created Buffer
are unknown and could contain\nsensitive data. Use buf.fill(0)
to initialize a buffer to zeroes.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer of size
bytes. size
must be less than\n1,073,741,824 bytes (1 GB) on 32 bits architectures or\n2,147,483,648 bytes (2 GB) on 64 bits architectures,\notherwise a RangeError
is thrown.\n\n
Unlike ArrayBuffers
, the underlying memory for buffers is not initialized. So\nthe contents of a newly created Buffer
are unknown and could contain\nsensitive data. Use buf.fill(0)
to initialize a buffer to zeroes.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer using an array
of octets.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer using an array
of octets.\n\n
Copies the passed buffer
data onto a new Buffer
instance.\n\n
Copies the passed buffer
data onto a new Buffer
instance.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer containing the given str
.\nencoding
defaults to 'utf8'
.\n\n
Allocates a new buffer containing the given str
.\nencoding
defaults to 'utf8'
.\n\n
Returns an un-pooled Buffer
.\n\n
In order to avoid the garbage collection overhead of creating many individually\nallocated Buffers, by default allocations under 4KB are sliced from a single\nlarger allocated object. This approach improves both performance and memory\nusage since v8 does not need to track and cleanup as many Persistent
objects.\n\n
In the case where a developer may need to retain a small chunk of memory from a\npool for an indeterminate amount of time it may be appropriate to create an\nun-pooled Buffer instance using SlowBuffer and copy out the relevant bits.\n\n
\n// need to keep around a few small chunks of memory\nvar store = [];\n\nsocket.on('readable', function() {\n var data = socket.read();\n // allocate for retained data\n var sb = new SlowBuffer(10);\n // copy the data into the new allocation\n data.copy(sb, 0, 0, 10);\n store.push(sb);\n});
\nThough this should be used sparingly and only be a last resort after a developer\nhas actively observed undue memory retention in their applications.\n\n
\n" } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "`INSPECT_MAX_BYTES` Number, Default: 50 ", "name": "INSPECT_MAX_BYTES", "desc": "How many bytes will be returned when buffer.inspect()
is called. This can\nbe overridden by user modules.\n\n
Note that this is a property on the buffer module returned by\nrequire('buffer')
, not on the Buffer global, or a buffer instance.\n\n
Buffers can be iterated over using for..of
syntax:\n\n
var buf = new Buffer([1, 2, 3]);\n\nfor (var b of buf)\n console.log(b)\n\n// 1\n// 2\n// 3
\nAdditionally, buffer.values()
, buffer.keys()
and buffer.entries()
\nmethods can be used to create iterators.\n\n
io.js provides a tri-directional popen(3)
facility through the\nchild_process
module.\n\n
It is possible to stream data through a child's stdin
, stdout
, and\nstderr
in a fully non-blocking way. (Note that some programs use\nline-buffered I/O internally. That doesn't affect io.js but it means\ndata you send to the child process may not be immediately consumed.)\n\n
To create a child process use require('child_process').spawn()
or\nrequire('child_process').fork()
. The semantics of each are slightly\ndifferent, and explained below.\n\n
For scripting purposes you may find the\nsynchronous counterparts more\nconvenient.\n\n
\n", "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: ChildProcess", "type": "class", "name": "ChildProcess", "desc": "ChildProcess
is an [EventEmitter][].\n\n
Child processes always have three streams associated with them. child.stdin
,\nchild.stdout
, and child.stderr
. These may be shared with the stdio\nstreams of the parent process, or they may be separate stream objects\nwhich can be piped to and from.\n\n
The ChildProcess class is not intended to be used directly. Use the\nspawn()
, exec()
, execFile()
, or fork()
methods to create a Child\nProcess instance.\n\n
Emitted when:\n\n
\nNote that the exit
-event may or may not fire after an error has occurred. If\nyou are listening on both events to fire a function, remember to guard against\ncalling your function twice.\n\n
See also ChildProcess#kill()
and\nChildProcess#send()
.\n\n
This event is emitted after the child process ends. If the process terminated\nnormally, code
is the final exit code of the process, otherwise null
. If\nthe process terminated due to receipt of a signal, signal
is the string name\nof the signal, otherwise null
.\n\n
Note that the child process stdio streams might still be open.\n\n
\nAlso, note that io.js establishes signal handlers for 'SIGINT'
and\n'SIGTERM
', so it will not terminate due to receipt of those signals,\nit will exit.\n\n
See waitpid(2)
.\n\n
This event is emitted when the stdio streams of a child process have all\nterminated. This is distinct from 'exit', since multiple processes\nmight share the same stdio streams.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'disconnect'", "type": "event", "name": "disconnect", "desc": "This event is emitted after calling the .disconnect()
method in the parent\nor in the child. After disconnecting it is no longer possible to send messages,\nand the .connected
property is false.\n\n
Messages sent by .send(message, [sendHandle])
are obtained using the\nmessage
event.\n\n
A Writable Stream
that represents the child process's stdin
.\nIf the child is waiting to read all its input, it will not continue until this\nstream has been closed via end()
.\n\n
If the child was not spawned with stdio[0]
set to 'pipe'
, then this will\nnot be set.\n\n
child.stdin
is shorthand for child.stdio[0]
. Both properties will refer\nto the same object, or null.\n\n
A Readable Stream
that represents the child process's stdout
.\n\n
If the child was not spawned with stdio[1]
set to 'pipe'
, then this will\nnot be set.\n\n
child.stdout
is shorthand for child.stdio[1]
. Both properties will refer\nto the same object, or null.\n\n
A Readable Stream
that represents the child process's stderr
.\n\n
If the child was not spawned with stdio[2]
set to 'pipe'
, then this will\nnot be set.\n\n
child.stderr
is shorthand for child.stdio[2]
. Both properties will refer\nto the same object, or null.\n\n
A sparse array of pipes to the child process, corresponding with positions in\nthe stdio option to\nspawn that have been\nset to 'pipe'
.\nNote that streams 0-2 are also available as ChildProcess.stdin,\nChildProcess.stdout, and ChildProcess.stderr, respectively.\n\n
In the following example, only the child's fd 1
is setup as a pipe, so only\nthe parent's child.stdio[1]
is a stream, all other values in the array are\nnull
.\n\n
var assert = require('assert');\nvar fs = require('fs');\nvar child_process = require('child_process');\n\nchild = child_process.spawn('ls', {\n stdio: [\n 0, // use parents stdin for child\n 'pipe', // pipe child's stdout to parent\n fs.openSync('err.out', 'w') // direct child's stderr to a file\n ]\n});\n\nassert.equal(child.stdio[0], null);\nassert.equal(child.stdio[0], child.stdin);\n\nassert(child.stdout);\nassert.equal(child.stdio[1], child.stdout);\n\nassert.equal(child.stdio[2], null);\nassert.equal(child.stdio[2], child.stderr);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "`pid` {Integer} ",
"name": "pid",
"desc": "The PID of the child process.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n grep = spawn('grep', ['ssh']);\n\nconsole.log('Spawned child pid: ' + grep.pid);\ngrep.stdin.end();
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "`connected` {Boolean} Set to false after `.disconnect` is called ",
"name": "connected",
"desc": "If .connected
is false, it is no longer possible to send messages.\n\n
Send a signal to the child process. If no argument is given, the process will\nbe sent 'SIGTERM'
. See signal(7)
for a list of available signals.\n\n
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n grep = spawn('grep', ['ssh']);\n\ngrep.on('close', function (code, signal) {\n console.log('child process terminated due to receipt of signal ' + signal);\n});\n\n// send SIGHUP to process\ngrep.kill('SIGHUP');
\nMay emit an 'error'
event when the signal cannot be delivered. Sending a\nsignal to a child process that has already exited is not an error but may\nhave unforeseen consequences: if the PID (the process ID) has been reassigned\nto another process, the signal will be delivered to that process instead.\nWhat happens next is anyone's guess.\n\n
Note that while the function is called kill
, the signal delivered to the\nchild process may not actually kill it. kill
really just sends a signal\nto a process.\n\n
See kill(2)
\n\n
When using child_process.fork()
you can write to the child using\nchild.send(message, [sendHandle])
and messages are received by\na 'message'
event on the child.\n\n
For example:\n\n
\nvar cp = require('child_process');\n\nvar n = cp.fork(__dirname + '/sub.js');\n\nn.on('message', function(m) {\n console.log('PARENT got message:', m);\n});\n\nn.send({ hello: 'world' });
\nAnd then the child script, 'sub.js'
might look like this:\n\n
process.on('message', function(m) {\n console.log('CHILD got message:', m);\n});\n\nprocess.send({ foo: 'bar' });
\nIn the child the process
object will have a send()
method, and process
\nwill emit objects each time it receives a message on its channel.\n\n
Please note that the send()
method on both the parent and child are\nsynchronous - sending large chunks of data is not advised (pipes can be used\ninstead, see\nchild_process.spawn
).\n\n
There is a special case when sending a {cmd: 'NODE_foo'}
message. All messages\ncontaining a NODE_
prefix in its cmd
property will not be emitted in\nthe message
event, since they are internal messages used by io.js core.\nMessages containing the prefix are emitted in the internalMessage
event.\nAvoid using this feature; it is subject to change without notice.\n\n
The sendHandle
option to child.send()
is for sending a TCP server or\nsocket object to another process. The child will receive the object as its\nsecond argument to the message
event.\n\n
Emits an 'error'
event if the message cannot be sent, for example because\nthe child process has already exited.\n\n
Here is an example of sending a server:\n\n
\nvar child = require('child_process').fork('child.js');\n\n// Open up the server object and send the handle.\nvar server = require('net').createServer();\nserver.on('connection', function (socket) {\n socket.end('handled by parent');\n});\nserver.listen(1337, function() {\n child.send('server', server);\n});
\nAnd the child would then receive the server object as:\n\n
\nprocess.on('message', function(m, server) {\n if (m === 'server') {\n server.on('connection', function (socket) {\n socket.end('handled by child');\n });\n }\n});
\nNote that the server is now shared between the parent and child, this means\nthat some connections will be handled by the parent and some by the child.\n\n
\nFor dgram
servers the workflow is exactly the same. Here you listen on\na message
event instead of connection
and use server.bind
instead of\nserver.listen
. (Currently only supported on UNIX platforms.)\n\n
Here is an example of sending a socket. It will spawn two children and handle\nconnections with the remote address 74.125.127.100
as VIP by sending the\nsocket to a "special" child process. Other sockets will go to a "normal" process.\n\n
var normal = require('child_process').fork('child.js', ['normal']);\nvar special = require('child_process').fork('child.js', ['special']);\n\n// Open up the server and send sockets to child\nvar server = require('net').createServer();\nserver.on('connection', function (socket) {\n\n // if this is a VIP\n if (socket.remoteAddress === '74.125.127.100') {\n special.send('socket', socket);\n return;\n }\n // just the usual...\n normal.send('socket', socket);\n});\nserver.listen(1337);
\nThe child.js
could look like this:\n\n
process.on('message', function(m, socket) {\n if (m === 'socket') {\n socket.end('You were handled as a ' + process.argv[2] + ' person');\n }\n});
\nNote that once a single socket has been sent to a child the parent can no\nlonger keep track of when the socket is destroyed. To indicate this condition\nthe .connections
property becomes null
.\nIt is also recommended not to use .maxConnections
in this condition.\n\n
Close the IPC channel between parent and child, allowing the child to exit\ngracefully once there are no other connections keeping it alive. After calling\nthis method the .connected
flag will be set to false
in both the parent and\nchild, and it is no longer possible to send messages.\n\n
The 'disconnect' event will be emitted when there are no messages in the process\nof being received, most likely immediately.\n\n
\nNote that you can also call process.disconnect()
in the child process when the\nchild process has any open IPC channels with the parent (i.e fork()
).\n\n
These methods follow the common async programming patterns (accepting a\ncallback or returning an EventEmitter).\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "child_process.spawn(command[, args][, options])", "type": "method", "name": "spawn", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "return: {ChildProcess object} ", "name": "return", "type": "ChildProcess object" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`command` {String} The command to run ", "name": "command", "type": "String", "desc": "The command to run" }, { "textRaw": "`args` {Array} List of string arguments ", "name": "args", "type": "Array", "desc": "List of string arguments", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`options` {Object} ", "options": [ { "textRaw": "`cwd` {String} Current working directory of the child process ", "name": "cwd", "type": "String", "desc": "Current working directory of the child process" }, { "textRaw": "`env` {Object} Environment key-value pairs ", "name": "env", "type": "Object", "desc": "Environment key-value pairs" }, { "textRaw": "`stdio` {Array|String} Child's stdio configuration. (See [below](#child_process_options_stdio)) ", "name": "stdio", "type": "Array|String", "desc": "Child's stdio configuration. (See [below](#child_process_options_stdio))" }, { "textRaw": "`detached` {Boolean} The child will be a process group leader. (See [below](#child_process_options_detached)) ", "name": "detached", "type": "Boolean", "desc": "The child will be a process group leader. (See [below](#child_process_options_detached))" }, { "textRaw": "`uid` {Number} Sets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).) ", "name": "uid", "type": "Number", "desc": "Sets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).)" }, { "textRaw": "`gid` {Number} Sets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).) ", "name": "gid", "type": "Number", "desc": "Sets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).)" } ], "name": "options", "type": "Object", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "command" }, { "name": "args", "optional": true }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "Launches a new process with the given command
, with command line arguments in args
.\nIf omitted, args
defaults to an empty Array.\n\n
The third argument is used to specify additional options, with these defaults:\n\n
\n{ cwd: undefined,\n env: process.env\n}
\nUse cwd
to specify the working directory from which the process is spawned.\nIf not given, the default is to inherit the current working directory.\n\n
Use env
to specify environment variables that will be visible to the new\nprocess, the default is process.env
.\n\n
Example of running ls -lh /usr
, capturing stdout
, stderr
, and the exit code:\n\n
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n ls = spawn('ls', ['-lh', '/usr']);\n\nls.stdout.on('data', function (data) {\n console.log('stdout: ' + data);\n});\n\nls.stderr.on('data', function (data) {\n console.log('stderr: ' + data);\n});\n\nls.on('close', function (code) {\n console.log('child process exited with code ' + code);\n});
\nExample: A very elaborate way to run 'ps ax | grep ssh'\n\n
\nvar spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n ps = spawn('ps', ['ax']),\n grep = spawn('grep', ['ssh']);\n\nps.stdout.on('data', function (data) {\n grep.stdin.write(data);\n});\n\nps.stderr.on('data', function (data) {\n console.log('ps stderr: ' + data);\n});\n\nps.on('close', function (code) {\n if (code !== 0) {\n console.log('ps process exited with code ' + code);\n }\n grep.stdin.end();\n});\n\ngrep.stdout.on('data', function (data) {\n console.log('' + data);\n});\n\ngrep.stderr.on('data', function (data) {\n console.log('grep stderr: ' + data);\n});\n\ngrep.on('close', function (code) {\n if (code !== 0) {\n console.log('grep process exited with code ' + code);\n }\n});
\nExample of checking for failed exec:\n\n
\nvar spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n child = spawn('bad_command');\n\nchild.on('error', function (err) {\n console.log('Failed to start child process.');\n});
\n",
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "options.stdio",
"name": "stdio",
"desc": "As a shorthand, the stdio
argument may be one of the following strings:\n\n
'pipe'
- ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe']
, this is the default value'ignore'
- ['ignore', 'ignore', 'ignore']
'inherit'
- [process.stdin, process.stdout, process.stderr]
or [0,1,2]
Otherwise, the 'stdio' option to child_process.spawn()
is an array where each\nindex corresponds to a fd in the child. The value is one of the following:\n\n
'pipe'
- Create a pipe between the child process and the parent process.\nThe parent end of the pipe is exposed to the parent as a property on the\nchild_process
object as ChildProcess.stdio[fd]
. Pipes created for\nfds 0 - 2 are also available as ChildProcess.stdin, ChildProcess.stdout\nand ChildProcess.stderr, respectively.'ipc'
- Create an IPC channel for passing messages/file descriptors\nbetween parent and child. A ChildProcess may have at most one IPC stdio\nfile descriptor. Setting this option enables the ChildProcess.send() method.\nIf the child writes JSON messages to this file descriptor, then this will\ntrigger ChildProcess.on('message'). If the child is an io.js program, then\nthe presence of an IPC channel will enable process.send() and\nprocess.on('message').'ignore'
- Do not set this file descriptor in the child. Note that io.js\nwill always open fd 0 - 2 for the processes it spawns. When any of these is\nignored io.js will open /dev/null
and attach it to the child's fd.Stream
object - Share a readable or writable stream that refers to a tty,\nfile, socket, or a pipe with the child process. The stream's underlying\nfile descriptor is duplicated in the child process to the fd that \ncorresponds to the index in the stdio
array. Note that the stream must\nhave an underlying descriptor (file streams do not until the 'open'
\nevent has occurred).Stream
objects can be shared.null
, undefined
- Use default value. For stdio fds 0, 1 and 2 (in other\nwords, stdin, stdout, and stderr) a pipe is created. For fd 3 and up, the\ndefault is 'ignore'
.Example:\n\n
\nvar spawn = require('child_process').spawn;\n\n// Child will use parent's stdios\nspawn('prg', [], { stdio: 'inherit' });\n\n// Spawn child sharing only stderr\nspawn('prg', [], { stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', process.stderr] });\n\n// Open an extra fd=4, to interact with programs present a\n// startd-style interface.\nspawn('prg', [], { stdio: ['pipe', null, null, null, 'pipe'] });
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "options.detached",
"name": "detached",
"desc": "If the detached
option is set, the child process will be made the leader of a\nnew process group. This makes it possible for the child to continue running \nafter the parent exits.\n\n
By default, the parent will wait for the detached child to exit. To prevent\nthe parent from waiting for a given child
, use the child.unref()
method,\nand the parent's event loop will not include the child in its reference count.\n\n
Example of detaching a long-running process and redirecting its output to a\nfile:\n\n
\n var fs = require('fs'),\n spawn = require('child_process').spawn,\n out = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a'),\n err = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a');\n\n var child = spawn('prg', [], {\n detached: true,\n stdio: [ 'ignore', out, err ]\n });\n\n child.unref();
\nWhen using the detached
option to start a long-running process, the process\nwill not stay running in the background unless it is provided with a stdio
\nconfiguration that is not connected to the parent. If the parent's stdio
is\ninherited, the child will remain attached to the controlling terminal.\n\n
See also: child_process.exec()
and child_process.fork()
\n\n
Runs a command in a shell and buffers the output.\n\n
\nvar exec = require('child_process').exec,\n child;\n\nchild = exec('cat *.js bad_file | wc -l',\n function (error, stdout, stderr) {\n console.log('stdout: ' + stdout);\n console.log('stderr: ' + stderr);\n if (error !== null) {\n console.log('exec error: ' + error);\n }\n});
\nThe callback gets the arguments (error, stdout, stderr)
. On success, error
\nwill be null
. On error, error
will be an instance of Error
and error.code
\nwill be the exit code of the child process, and error.signal
will be set to the\nsignal that terminated the process.\n\n
There is a second optional argument to specify several options. The\ndefault options are\n\n
\n{ encoding: 'utf8',\n timeout: 0,\n maxBuffer: 200*1024,\n killSignal: 'SIGTERM',\n cwd: null,\n env: null }
\nIf timeout
is greater than 0, then it will kill the child process\nif it runs longer than timeout
milliseconds. The child process is killed with\nkillSignal
(default: 'SIGTERM'
). maxBuffer
specifies the largest\namount of data (in bytes) allowed on stdout or stderr - if this value is\nexceeded then the child process is killed.\n\n
Note: Unlike the exec()
POSIX system call, child_process.exec()
does not replace\nthe existing process and uses a shell to execute the command.\n\n
This is similar to child_process.exec()
except it does not execute a\nsubshell but rather the specified file directly. This makes it slightly\nleaner than child_process.exec
. It has the same options.\n\n\n
This is a special case of the spawn()
functionality for spawning io.js\nprocesses. In addition to having all the methods in a normal ChildProcess\ninstance, the returned object has a communication channel built-in. See\nchild.send(message, [sendHandle])
for details.\n\n
These child io.js processes are still whole new instances of V8. Assume at\nleast 30ms startup and 10mb memory for each new io.js. That is, you cannot\ncreate many thousands of them.\n\n
\nThe execPath
property in the options
object allows for a process to be\ncreated for the child rather than the current iojs
executable. This should be\ndone with care and by default will talk over the fd represented an\nenvironmental variable NODE_CHANNEL_FD
on the child process. The input and\noutput on this fd is expected to be line delimited JSON objects.\n\n
Note: Unlike the fork()
POSIX system call, child_process.fork()
does not clone the\ncurrent process.\n\n
These methods are synchronous, meaning they WILL block the event loop,\npausing execution of your code until the spawned process exits.\n\n
\nBlocking calls like these are mostly useful for simplifying general purpose\nscripting tasks and for simplifying the loading/processing of application\nconfiguration at startup.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "child_process.spawnSync(command[, args][, options])", "type": "method", "name": "spawnSync", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "return: {Object} ", "options": [ { "textRaw": "`pid` {Number} Pid of the child process ", "name": "pid", "type": "Number", "desc": "Pid of the child process" }, { "textRaw": "`output` {Array} Array of results from stdio output ", "name": "output", "type": "Array", "desc": "Array of results from stdio output" }, { "textRaw": "`stdout` {Buffer|String} The contents of `output[1]` ", "name": "stdout", "type": "Buffer|String", "desc": "The contents of `output[1]`" }, { "textRaw": "`stderr` {Buffer|String} The contents of `output[2]` ", "name": "stderr", "type": "Buffer|String", "desc": "The contents of `output[2]`" }, { "textRaw": "`status` {Number} The exit code of the child process ", "name": "status", "type": "Number", "desc": "The exit code of the child process" }, { "textRaw": "`signal` {String} The signal used to kill the child process ", "name": "signal", "type": "String", "desc": "The signal used to kill the child process" }, { "textRaw": "`error` {Error} The error object if the child process failed or timed out ", "name": "error", "type": "Error", "desc": "The error object if the child process failed or timed out" } ], "name": "return", "type": "Object" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`command` {String} The command to run ", "name": "command", "type": "String", "desc": "The command to run" }, { "textRaw": "`args` {Array} List of string arguments ", "name": "args", "type": "Array", "desc": "List of string arguments", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`options` {Object} ", "options": [ { "textRaw": "`cwd` {String} Current working directory of the child process ", "name": "cwd", "type": "String", "desc": "Current working directory of the child process" }, { "textRaw": "`input` {String|Buffer} The value which will be passed as stdin to the spawned process ", "options": [ { "textRaw": "supplying this value will override `stdio[0]` ", "name": "supplying", "desc": "this value will override `stdio[0]`" } ], "name": "input", "type": "String|Buffer", "desc": "The value which will be passed as stdin to the spawned process" }, { "textRaw": "`stdio` {Array} Child's stdio configuration. ", "name": "stdio", "type": "Array", "desc": "Child's stdio configuration." }, { "textRaw": "`env` {Object} Environment key-value pairs ", "name": "env", "type": "Object", "desc": "Environment key-value pairs" }, { "textRaw": "`uid` {Number} Sets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).) ", "name": "uid", "type": "Number", "desc": "Sets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).)" }, { "textRaw": "`gid` {Number} Sets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).) ", "name": "gid", "type": "Number", "desc": "Sets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).)" }, { "textRaw": "`timeout` {Number} In milliseconds the maximum amount of time the process is allowed to run. (Default: undefined) ", "name": "timeout", "default": "undefined", "type": "Number", "desc": "In milliseconds the maximum amount of time the process is allowed to run." }, { "textRaw": "`killSignal` {String} The signal value to be used when the spawned process will be killed. (Default: 'SIGTERM') ", "name": "killSignal", "default": "SIGTERM", "type": "String", "desc": "The signal value to be used when the spawned process will be killed." }, { "textRaw": "`maxBuffer` {Number} largest amount of data (in bytes) allowed on stdout or stderr - if exceeded child process is killed ", "name": "maxBuffer", "type": "Number", "desc": "largest amount of data (in bytes) allowed on stdout or stderr - if exceeded child process is killed" }, { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} The encoding used for all stdio inputs and outputs. (Default: 'buffer') ", "name": "encoding", "default": "buffer", "type": "String", "desc": "The encoding used for all stdio inputs and outputs." } ], "name": "options", "type": "Object", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "command" }, { "name": "args", "optional": true }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "spawnSync
will not return until the child process has fully closed. When a\ntimeout has been encountered and killSignal
is sent, the method won't return\nuntil the process has completely exited. That is to say, if the process handles\nthe SIGTERM
signal and doesn't exit, your process will wait until the child\nprocess has exited.\n\n
execFileSync
will not return until the child process has fully closed. When a\ntimeout has been encountered and killSignal
is sent, the method won't return\nuntil the process has completely exited. That is to say, if the process handles\nthe SIGTERM
signal and doesn't exit, your process will wait until the child\nprocess has exited.\n\n
If the process times out, or has a non-zero exit code, this method will\nthrow. The Error
object will contain the entire result from\nchild_process.spawnSync
\n\n\n
execSync
will not return until the child process has fully closed. When a\ntimeout has been encountered and killSignal
is sent, the method won't return\nuntil the process has completely exited. That is to say, if the process handles\nthe SIGTERM
signal and doesn't exit, your process will wait until the child\nprocess has exited.\n\n
If the process times out, or has a non-zero exit code, this method will\nthrow. The Error
object will contain the entire result from\nchild_process.spawnSync
\n\n
A single instance of io.js runs in a single thread. To take advantage of\nmulti-core systems the user will sometimes want to launch a cluster of io.js\nprocesses to handle the load.\n\n
\nThe cluster module allows you to easily create child processes that\nall share server ports.\n\n
\nvar cluster = require('cluster');\nvar http = require('http');\nvar numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;\n\nif (cluster.isMaster) {\n // Fork workers.\n for (var i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {\n cluster.fork();\n }\n\n cluster.on('exit', function(worker, code, signal) {\n console.log('worker ' + worker.process.pid + ' died');\n });\n} else {\n // Workers can share any TCP connection\n // In this case it is an HTTP server\n http.createServer(function(req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200);\n res.end("hello world\\n");\n }).listen(8000);\n}
\nRunning io.js will now share port 8000 between the workers:\n\n
\n% NODE_DEBUG=cluster iojs server.js\n23521,Master Worker 23524 online\n23521,Master Worker 23526 online\n23521,Master Worker 23523 online\n23521,Master Worker 23528 online
\nThis feature was introduced recently, and may change in future versions.\nPlease try it out and provide feedback.\n\n
\nAlso note that, on Windows, it is not yet possible to set up a named pipe\nserver in a worker.\n\n
\n", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "How It Works", "name": "How It Works", "type": "misc", "desc": "The worker processes are spawned using the child_process.fork
method,\nso that they can communicate with the parent via IPC and pass server\nhandles back and forth.\n\n
The cluster module supports two methods of distributing incoming\nconnections.\n\n
\nThe first one (and the default one on all platforms except Windows),\nis the round-robin approach, where the master process listens on a\nport, accepts new connections and distributes them across the workers\nin a round-robin fashion, with some built-in smarts to avoid\noverloading a worker process.\n\n
\nThe second approach is where the master process creates the listen\nsocket and sends it to interested workers. The workers then accept\nincoming connections directly.\n\n
\nThe second approach should, in theory, give the best performance.\nIn practice however, distribution tends to be very unbalanced due\nto operating system scheduler vagaries. Loads have been observed\nwhere over 70% of all connections ended up in just two processes,\nout of a total of eight.\n\n
\nBecause server.listen()
hands off most of the work to the master\nprocess, there are three cases where the behavior between a normal\nio.js process and a cluster worker differs:\n\n
server.listen({fd: 7})
Because the message is passed to the master,\nfile descriptor 7 in the parent will be listened on, and the\nhandle passed to the worker, rather than listening to the worker's\nidea of what the number 7 file descriptor references.server.listen(handle)
Listening on handles explicitly will cause\nthe worker to use the supplied handle, rather than talk to the master\nprocess. If the worker already has the handle, then it's presumed\nthat you know what you are doing.server.listen(0)
Normally, this will cause servers to listen on a\nrandom port. However, in a cluster, each worker will receive the\nsame "random" port each time they do listen(0)
. In essence, the\nport is random the first time, but predictable thereafter. If you\nwant to listen on a unique port, generate a port number based on the\ncluster worker ID.There is no routing logic in io.js, or in your program, and no shared\nstate between the workers. Therefore, it is important to design your\nprogram such that it does not rely too heavily on in-memory data objects\nfor things like sessions and login.\n\n
\nBecause workers are all separate processes, they can be killed or\nre-spawned depending on your program's needs, without affecting other\nworkers. As long as there are some workers still alive, the server will\ncontinue to accept connections. If no workers are alive, existing connections\nwill be dropped and new connections will be refused. io.js does not\nautomatically manage the number of workers for you, however. It is your\nresponsibility to manage the worker pool for your application's needs.\n\n
\n" } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "cluster.schedulingPolicy", "name": "schedulingPolicy", "desc": "The scheduling policy, either cluster.SCHED_RR
for round-robin or\ncluster.SCHED_NONE
to leave it to the operating system. This is a\nglobal setting and effectively frozen once you spawn the first worker\nor call cluster.setupMaster()
, whatever comes first.\n\n
SCHED_RR
is the default on all operating systems except Windows.\nWindows will change to SCHED_RR
once libuv is able to effectively\ndistribute IOCP handles without incurring a large performance hit.\n\n
cluster.schedulingPolicy
can also be set through the\nNODE_CLUSTER_SCHED_POLICY
environment variable. Valid\nvalues are "rr"
and "none"
.\n\n
After calling .setupMaster()
(or .fork()
) this settings object will contain\nthe settings, including the default values.\n\n
It is effectively frozen after being set, because .setupMaster()
can\nonly be called once.\n\n
This object is not supposed to be changed or set manually, by you.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`isMaster` {Boolean} ", "name": "isMaster", "desc": "True if the process is a master. This is determined\nby the process.env.NODE_UNIQUE_ID
. If process.env.NODE_UNIQUE_ID
is\nundefined, then isMaster
is true
.\n\n
True if the process is not a master (it is the negation of cluster.isMaster
).\n\n
A reference to the current worker object. Not available in the master process.\n\n
\nvar cluster = require('cluster');\n\nif (cluster.isMaster) {\n console.log('I am master');\n cluster.fork();\n cluster.fork();\n} else if (cluster.isWorker) {\n console.log('I am worker #' + cluster.worker.id);\n}
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "`workers` {Object} ",
"name": "workers",
"desc": "A hash that stores the active worker objects, keyed by id
field. Makes it\neasy to loop through all the workers. It is only available in the master\nprocess.\n\n
A worker is removed from cluster.workers after the worker has disconnected and\nexited. The order between these two events cannot be determined in advance.\nHowever, it is guaranteed that the removal from the cluster.workers list happens\nbefore last 'disconnect'
or 'exit'
event is emitted.\n\n
// Go through all workers\nfunction eachWorker(callback) {\n for (var id in cluster.workers) {\n callback(cluster.workers[id]);\n }\n}\neachWorker(function(worker) {\n worker.send('big announcement to all workers');\n});
\nShould you wish to reference a worker over a communication channel, using\nthe worker's unique id is the easiest way to find the worker.\n\n
\nsocket.on('data', function(id) {\n var worker = cluster.workers[id];\n});
\n"
}
],
"events": [
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'fork'",
"type": "event",
"name": "fork",
"params": [],
"desc": "When a new worker is forked the cluster module will emit a 'fork' event.\nThis can be used to log worker activity, and create your own timeout.\n\n
\nvar timeouts = [];\nfunction errorMsg() {\n console.error("Something must be wrong with the connection ...");\n}\n\ncluster.on('fork', function(worker) {\n timeouts[worker.id] = setTimeout(errorMsg, 2000);\n});\ncluster.on('listening', function(worker, address) {\n clearTimeout(timeouts[worker.id]);\n});\ncluster.on('exit', function(worker, code, signal) {\n clearTimeout(timeouts[worker.id]);\n errorMsg();\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'online'",
"type": "event",
"name": "online",
"params": [],
"desc": "After forking a new worker, the worker should respond with an online message.\nWhen the master receives an online message it will emit this event.\nThe difference between 'fork' and 'online' is that fork is emitted when the\nmaster forks a worker, and 'online' is emitted when the worker is running.\n\n
\ncluster.on('online', function(worker) {\n console.log("Yay, the worker responded after it was forked");\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'listening'",
"type": "event",
"name": "listening",
"params": [],
"desc": "After calling listen()
from a worker, when the 'listening' event is emitted on\nthe server, a listening event will also be emitted on cluster
in the master.\n\n
The event handler is executed with two arguments, the worker
contains the worker\nobject and the address
object contains the following connection properties:\naddress
, port
and addressType
. This is very useful if the worker is listening\non more than one address.\n\n
cluster.on('listening', function(worker, address) {\n console.log("A worker is now connected to " + address.address + ":" + address.port);\n});
\nThe addressType
is one of:\n\n
4
(TCPv4)6
(TCPv6)-1
(unix domain socket)"udp4"
or "udp6"
(UDP v4 or v6)Emitted after the worker IPC channel has disconnected. This can occur when a\nworker exits gracefully, is killed, or is disconnected manually (such as with\nworker.disconnect()).\n\n
\nThere may be a delay between the disconnect
and exit
events. These events\ncan be used to detect if the process is stuck in a cleanup or if there are\nlong-living connections.\n\n
cluster.on('disconnect', function(worker) {\n console.log('The worker #' + worker.id + ' has disconnected');\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'exit'",
"type": "event",
"name": "exit",
"params": [],
"desc": "When any of the workers die the cluster module will emit the 'exit' event.\n\n
\nThis can be used to restart the worker by calling .fork()
again.\n\n
cluster.on('exit', function(worker, code, signal) {\n console.log('worker %d died (%s). restarting...',\n worker.process.pid, signal || code);\n cluster.fork();\n});
\nSee child_process event: 'exit'.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'message'", "type": "event", "name": "message", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted when any worker receives a message.\n\n
\nSee\nchild_process event: 'message'.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'setup'", "type": "event", "name": "setup", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted every time .setupMaster()
is called.\n\n
The settings
object is the cluster.settings
object at the time\n.setupMaster()
was called and is advisory only, since multiple calls to\n.setupMaster()
can be made in a single tick.\n\n
If accuracy is important, use cluster.settings
.\n\n
setupMaster
is used to change the default 'fork' behavior. Once called,\nthe settings will be present in cluster.settings
.\n\n
Note that:\n\n
\n.fork()
and have no\neffect on workers that are already running.setupMaster()
is\nthe env
passed to .fork()
cluster.setupMaster()
is calledExample:\n\n
\nvar cluster = require('cluster');\ncluster.setupMaster({\n exec: 'worker.js',\n args: ['--use', 'https'],\n silent: true\n});\ncluster.fork(); // https worker\ncluster.setupMaster({\n args: ['--use', 'http']\n});\ncluster.fork(); // http worker
\nThis can only be called from the master process.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "cluster.fork([env])", "type": "method", "name": "fork", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "return {Worker object} ", "name": "return", "type": "Worker object" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`env` {Object} Key/value pairs to add to worker process environment. ", "name": "env", "type": "Object", "desc": "Key/value pairs to add to worker process environment.", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "env", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "Spawn a new worker process.\n\n
\nThis can only be called from the master process.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "cluster.disconnect([callback])", "type": "method", "name": "disconnect", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} called when all workers are disconnected and handles are closed ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "called when all workers are disconnected and handles are closed", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "Calls .disconnect()
on each worker in cluster.workers
.\n\n
When they are disconnected all internal handles will be closed, allowing the\nmaster process to die gracefully if no other event is waiting.\n\n
\nThe method takes an optional callback argument which will be called when finished.\n\n
\nThis can only be called from the master process.\n\n
\n" } ], "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: Worker", "type": "class", "name": "Worker", "desc": "A Worker object contains all public information and method about a worker.\nIn the master it can be obtained using cluster.workers
. In a worker\nit can be obtained using cluster.worker
.\n\n
Each new worker is given its own unique id, this id is stored in the\nid
.\n\n
While a worker is alive, this is the key that indexes it in\ncluster.workers\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`process` {ChildProcess object} ", "name": "process", "desc": "All workers are created using child_process.fork()
, the returned object\nfrom this function is stored as .process
. In a worker, the global process
\nis stored.\n\n
See: Child Process module\n\n
\nNote that workers will call process.exit(0)
if the 'disconnect'
event occurs\non process
and .suicide
is not true
. This protects against accidental\ndisconnection.\n\n
Set by calling .kill()
or .disconnect()
, until then it is undefined
.\n\n
The boolean worker.suicide
lets you distinguish between voluntary and accidental\nexit, the master may choose not to respawn a worker based on this value.\n\n
cluster.on('exit', function(worker, code, signal) {\n if (worker.suicide === true) {\n console.log('Oh, it was just suicide\\' – no need to worry').\n }\n});\n\n// kill worker\nworker.kill();
\n"
}
],
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "worker.send(message[, sendHandle])",
"type": "method",
"name": "send",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`message` {Object} ",
"name": "message",
"type": "Object"
},
{
"textRaw": "`sendHandle` {Handle object} ",
"name": "sendHandle",
"type": "Handle object",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "message"
},
{
"name": "sendHandle",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Send a message to a worker or master, optionally with a handle.\n\n
\nIn the master this sends a message to a specific worker. It is identical to\nchild.send().\n\n
\nIn a worker this sends a message to the master. It is identical to\nprocess.send()
.\n\n
This example will echo back all messages from the master:\n\n
\nif (cluster.isMaster) {\n var worker = cluster.fork();\n worker.send('hi there');\n\n} else if (cluster.isWorker) {\n process.on('message', function(msg) {\n process.send(msg);\n });\n}
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "worker.kill([signal='SIGTERM'])",
"type": "method",
"name": "kill",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`signal` {String} Name of the kill signal to send to the worker process. ",
"name": "signal",
"type": "String",
"desc": "Name of the kill signal to send to the worker process.",
"optional": true,
"default": "'SIGTERM'"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "signal",
"optional": true,
"default": "'SIGTERM'"
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This function will kill the worker. In the master, it does this by disconnecting\nthe worker.process
, and once disconnected, killing with signal
. In the\nworker, it does it by disconnecting the channel, and then exiting with code 0
.\n\n
Causes .suicide
to be set.\n\n
This method is aliased as worker.destroy()
for backwards compatibility.\n\n
Note that in a worker, process.kill()
exists, but it is not this function,\nit is kill.\n\n
In a worker, this function will close all servers, wait for the 'close' event on\nthose servers, and then disconnect the IPC channel.\n\n
\nIn the master, an internal message is sent to the worker causing it to call\n.disconnect()
on itself.\n\n
Causes .suicide
to be set.\n\n
Note that after a server is closed, it will no longer accept new connections,\nbut connections may be accepted by any other listening worker. Existing\nconnections will be allowed to close as usual. When no more connections exist,\nsee server.close(), the IPC channel to the worker\nwill close allowing it to die gracefully.\n\n
\nThe above applies only to server connections, client connections are not\nautomatically closed by workers, and disconnect does not wait for them to close\nbefore exiting.\n\n
\nNote that in a worker, process.disconnect
exists, but it is not this function,\nit is disconnect.\n\n
Because long living server connections may block workers from disconnecting, it\nmay be useful to send a message, so application specific actions may be taken to\nclose them. It also may be useful to implement a timeout, killing a worker if\nthe disconnect
event has not been emitted after some time.\n\n
if (cluster.isMaster) {\n var worker = cluster.fork();\n var timeout;\n\n worker.on('listening', function(address) {\n worker.send('shutdown');\n worker.disconnect();\n timeout = setTimeout(function() {\n worker.kill();\n }, 2000);\n });\n\n worker.on('disconnect', function() {\n clearTimeout(timeout);\n });\n\n} else if (cluster.isWorker) {\n var net = require('net');\n var server = net.createServer(function(socket) {\n // connections never end\n });\n\n server.listen(8000);\n\n process.on('message', function(msg) {\n if(msg === 'shutdown') {\n // initiate graceful close of any connections to server\n }\n });\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "worker.isDead()",
"type": "method",
"name": "isDead",
"desc": "This function returns true
if the worker's process has terminated (either\nbecause of exiting or being signaled). Otherwise, it returns false
.\n\n
This function returns true
if the worker is connected to its master via its IPC\nchannel, false
otherwise. A worker is connected to its master after it's been\ncreated. It is disconnected after the disconnect
event is emitted.\n\n
Similar to the cluster.on('message')
event, but specific to this worker.\n\n
This event is the same as the one provided by child_process.fork()
.\n\n
In a worker you can also use process.on('message')
.\n\n
As an example, here is a cluster that keeps count of the number of requests\nin the master process using the message system:\n\n
\nvar cluster = require('cluster');\nvar http = require('http');\n\nif (cluster.isMaster) {\n\n // Keep track of http requests\n var numReqs = 0;\n setInterval(function() {\n console.log("numReqs =", numReqs);\n }, 1000);\n\n // Count requestes\n function messageHandler(msg) {\n if (msg.cmd && msg.cmd == 'notifyRequest') {\n numReqs += 1;\n }\n }\n\n // Start workers and listen for messages containing notifyRequest\n var numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;\n for (var i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {\n cluster.fork();\n }\n\n Object.keys(cluster.workers).forEach(function(id) {\n cluster.workers[id].on('message', messageHandler);\n });\n\n} else {\n\n // Worker processes have a http server.\n http.Server(function(req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200);\n res.end("hello world\\n");\n\n // notify master about the request\n process.send({ cmd: 'notifyRequest' });\n }).listen(8000);\n}
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'online'",
"type": "event",
"name": "online",
"desc": "Similar to the cluster.on('online')
event, but specific to this worker.\n\n
cluster.fork().on('online', function() {\n // Worker is online\n});
\nIt is not emitted in the worker.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'listening'", "type": "event", "name": "listening", "params": [], "desc": "Similar to the cluster.on('listening')
event, but specific to this worker.\n\n
cluster.fork().on('listening', function(address) {\n // Worker is listening\n});
\nIt is not emitted in the worker.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'disconnect'", "type": "event", "name": "disconnect", "desc": "Similar to the cluster.on('disconnect')
event, but specific to this worker.\n\n
cluster.fork().on('disconnect', function() {\n // Worker has disconnected\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'exit'",
"type": "event",
"name": "exit",
"params": [],
"desc": "Similar to the cluster.on('exit')
event, but specific to this worker.\n\n
var worker = cluster.fork();\nworker.on('exit', function(code, signal) {\n if( signal ) {\n console.log("worker was killed by signal: "+signal);\n } else if( code !== 0 ) {\n console.log("worker exited with error code: "+code);\n } else {\n console.log("worker success!");\n }\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'error'",
"type": "event",
"name": "error",
"desc": "This event is the same as the one provided by child_process.fork()
.\n\n
In a worker you can also use process.on('error')
.\n\n
The module defines a Console
class and exports a console
object.\n\n
The console
object is a special instance of Console
whose output is\nsent to stdout or stderr.\n\n
For ease of use, console
is defined as a global object and can be used\ndirectly without require
.\n\n
For printing to stdout and stderr. Similar to the console object functions\nprovided by most web browsers, here the output is sent to stdout or stderr.\n\n
\nThe console functions are synchronous when the destination is a terminal or\na file (to avoid lost messages in case of premature exit) and asynchronous\nwhen it's a pipe (to avoid blocking for long periods of time).\n\n
\nThat is, in the following example, stdout is non-blocking while stderr\nis blocking:\n\n
\n$ node script.js 2> error.log | tee info.log
\nIn daily use, the blocking/non-blocking dichotomy is not something you\nshould worry about unless you log huge amounts of data.\n\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "console.log([data][, ...])", "type": "method", "name": "log", "desc": "Prints to stdout with newline. This function can take multiple arguments in a\nprintf()
-like way. Example:\n\n
var count = 5;\nconsole.log('count: %d', count);\n// prints 'count: 5'
\nIf formatting elements are not found in the first string then util.inspect
\nis used on each argument. See [util.format()][] for more information.\n\n
Same as console.log
.\n\n
Same as console.log
but prints to stderr.\n\n
Same as console.error
.\n\n
Uses util.inspect
on obj
and prints resulting string to stdout. This function\nbypasses any custom inspect()
function on obj
. An optional options object\nmay be passed that alters certain aspects of the formatted string:\n\n
showHidden
- if true
then the object's non-enumerable and symbol\nproperties will be shown too. Defaults to false
.
depth
- tells inspect
how many times to recurse while formatting the\nobject. This is useful for inspecting large complicated objects. Defaults to\n2
. To make it recurse indefinitely pass null
.
colors
- if true
, then the output will be styled with ANSI color codes.\nDefaults to false
. Colors are customizable, see below.
Used to calculate the duration of a specific operation. To start a timer, call\nthe console.time()
method, giving it a name as only parameter. To stop the\ntimer, and to get the elapsed time in milliseconds, just call the\nconsole.timeEnd()
method, again passing the\ntimer's name as the parameter.\n\n
Stops a timer that was previously started by calling\nconsole.time()
and print the result to the\nconsole.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nconsole.time('100-elements');\nfor (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {\n ;\n}\nconsole.timeEnd('100-elements');\n// prints 100-elements: 262ms
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "label"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "console.trace(message[, ...])",
"type": "method",
"name": "trace",
"desc": "Print to stderr 'Trace :'
, followed by the formatted message and stack trace\nto the current position.\n\n
Similar to [assert.ok()][], but the error message is formatted as\nutil.format(message...)
.\n\n
Use require('console').Console
or console.Console
to access this class.\n\n
var Console = require('console').Console;\nvar Console = console.Console;
\nYou can use Console
class to custom simple logger like console
, but with\ndifferent output streams.\n\n
Create a new Console
by passing one or two writable stream instances.\nstdout
is a writable stream to print log or info output. stderr
\nis used for warning or error output. If stderr
isn't passed, the warning\nand error output will be sent to the stdout
.\n\n
var output = fs.createWriteStream('./stdout.log');\nvar errorOutput = fs.createWriteStream('./stderr.log');\n// custom simple logger\nvar logger = new Console(output, errorOutput);\n// use it like console\nvar count = 5;\nlogger.log('count: %d', count);\n// in stdout.log: count 5
\nThe global console
is a special Console
whose output is sent to\nprocess.stdout
and process.stderr
:\n\n
new Console(process.stdout, process.stderr);
\n"
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Console"
},
{
"textRaw": "Crypto",
"name": "crypto",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "Use require('crypto')
to access this module.\n\n
The crypto module offers a way of encapsulating secure credentials to be\nused as part of a secure HTTPS net or http connection.\n\n
\nIt also offers a set of wrappers for OpenSSL's hash, hmac, cipher,\ndecipher, sign and verify methods.\n\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "crypto.setEngine(engine[, flags])", "type": "method", "name": "setEngine", "desc": "Load and set engine for some/all OpenSSL functions (selected by flags).\n\n
\nengine
could be either an id or a path to the engine's shared library.\n\n
flags
is optional and has ENGINE_METHOD_ALL
value by default. It could take\none of or mix of following flags (defined in constants
module):\n\n
ENGINE_METHOD_RSA
ENGINE_METHOD_DSA
ENGINE_METHOD_DH
ENGINE_METHOD_RAND
ENGINE_METHOD_ECDH
ENGINE_METHOD_ECDSA
ENGINE_METHOD_CIPHERS
ENGINE_METHOD_DIGESTS
ENGINE_METHOD_STORE
ENGINE_METHOD_PKEY_METH
ENGINE_METHOD_PKEY_ASN1_METH
ENGINE_METHOD_ALL
ENGINE_METHOD_NONE
Returns an array with the names of the supported ciphers.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar ciphers = crypto.getCiphers();\nconsole.log(ciphers); // ['aes-128-cbc', 'aes-128-ccm', ...]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "crypto.getHashes()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getHashes",
"desc": "Returns an array with the names of the supported hash algorithms.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar hashes = crypto.getHashes();\nconsole.log(hashes); // ['sha', 'sha1', 'sha1WithRSAEncryption', ...]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "crypto.getCurves()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getCurves",
"desc": "Returns an array with the names of the supported elliptic curves.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar curves = crypto.getCurves();\nconsole.log(curves); // ['secp256k1', 'secp384r1', ...]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "crypto.createCredentials(details)",
"type": "method",
"name": "createCredentials",
"stability": 0,
"stabilityText": "Deprecated: Use [tls.createSecureContext][] instead.",
"desc": "Creates a credentials object, with the optional details being a\ndictionary with keys:\n\n
\npfx
: A string or buffer holding the PFX or PKCS12 encoded private\nkey, certificate and CA certificateskey
: A string holding the PEM encoded private keypassphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfxcert
: A string holding the PEM encoded certificateca
: Either a string or list of strings of PEM encoded CA\ncertificates to trust.crl
: Either a string or list of strings of PEM encoded CRLs\n(Certificate Revocation List)ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude.\nConsult\nhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#CIPHER_LIST_FORMAT\nfor details on the format.If no 'ca' details are given, then io.js will use the default\npublicly trusted list of CAs as given in\n
\nhttp://mxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "details" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.createHash(algorithm)", "type": "method", "name": "createHash", "desc": "Creates and returns a hash object, a cryptographic hash with the given\nalgorithm which can be used to generate hash digests.\n\n
\nalgorithm
is dependent on the available algorithms supported by the\nversion of OpenSSL on the platform. Examples are 'sha1'
, 'md5'
,\n'sha256'
, 'sha512'
, etc. On recent releases, openssl\nlist-message-digest-algorithms
will display the available digest\nalgorithms.\n\n
Example: this program that takes the sha1 sum of a file\n\n
\nvar filename = process.argv[2];\nvar crypto = require('crypto');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar shasum = crypto.createHash('sha1');\n\nvar s = fs.ReadStream(filename);\ns.on('data', function(d) {\n shasum.update(d);\n});\n\ns.on('end', function() {\n var d = shasum.digest('hex');\n console.log(d + ' ' + filename);\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "algorithm"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "crypto.createHmac(algorithm, key)",
"type": "method",
"name": "createHmac",
"desc": "Creates and returns a hmac object, a cryptographic hmac with the given\nalgorithm and key.\n\n
\nIt is a stream that is both readable and writable. The\nwritten data is used to compute the hmac. Once the writable side of\nthe stream is ended, use the read()
method to get the computed\ndigest. The legacy update
and digest
methods are also supported.\n\n
algorithm
is dependent on the available algorithms supported by\nOpenSSL - see createHash above. key
is the hmac key to be used.\n\n
Creates and returns a cipher object, with the given algorithm and\npassword.\n\n
\nalgorithm
is dependent on OpenSSL, examples are 'aes192'
, etc. On\nrecent releases, openssl list-cipher-algorithms
will display the\navailable cipher algorithms. password
is used to derive key and IV,\nwhich must be a 'binary'
encoded string or a buffer.\n\n
It is a stream that is both readable and writable. The\nwritten data is used to compute the hash. Once the writable side of\nthe stream is ended, use the read()
method to get the enciphered\ncontents. The legacy update
and final
methods are also supported.\n\n
Note: createCipher
derives keys with the OpenSSL function [EVP_BytesToKey][]\nwith the digest algorithm set to MD5, one iteration, and no salt. The lack of\nsalt allows dictionary attacks as the same password always creates the same key.\nThe low iteration count and non-cryptographically secure hash algorithm allow\npasswords to be tested very rapidly.\n\n
In line with OpenSSL's recommendation to use pbkdf2 instead of EVP_BytesToKey it\nis recommended you derive a key and iv yourself with [crypto.pbkdf2][] and to\nthen use [createCipheriv()][] to create the cipher stream.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "algorithm" }, { "name": "password" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.createCipheriv(algorithm, key, iv)", "type": "method", "name": "createCipheriv", "desc": "Creates and returns a cipher object, with the given algorithm, key and\niv.\n\n
\nalgorithm
is the same as the argument to createCipher()
. key
is\nthe raw key used by the algorithm. iv
is an initialization\nvector.\n\n
key
and iv
must be 'binary'
encoded strings or\nbuffers.\n\n
Creates and returns a decipher object, with the given algorithm and\nkey. This is the mirror of the [createCipher()][] above.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "algorithm" }, { "name": "password" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.createDecipheriv(algorithm, key, iv)", "type": "method", "name": "createDecipheriv", "desc": "Creates and returns a decipher object, with the given algorithm, key\nand iv. This is the mirror of the [createCipheriv()][] above.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "algorithm" }, { "name": "key" }, { "name": "iv" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.createSign(algorithm)", "type": "method", "name": "createSign", "desc": "Creates and returns a signing object, with the given algorithm. On\nrecent OpenSSL releases, openssl list-public-key-algorithms
will\ndisplay the available signing algorithms. Examples are 'RSA-SHA256'
.\n\n
Creates and returns a verification object, with the given algorithm.\nThis is the mirror of the signing object above.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "algorithm" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.createDiffieHellman(prime_length[, generator])", "type": "method", "name": "createDiffieHellman", "desc": "Creates a Diffie-Hellman key exchange object and generates a prime of\nprime_length
bits and using an optional specific numeric generator
.\nIf no generator
is specified, then 2
is used.\n\n
Creates a Diffie-Hellman key exchange object using the supplied prime
and an\noptional specific generator
.\ngenerator
can be a number, string, or Buffer.\nIf no generator
is specified, then 2
is used.\nprime_encoding
and generator_encoding
can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
.\nIf no prime_encoding
is specified, then a Buffer is expected for prime
.\nIf no generator_encoding
is specified, then a Buffer is expected for generator
.\n\n
Creates a predefined Diffie-Hellman key exchange object. The\nsupported groups are: 'modp1'
, 'modp2'
, 'modp5'
(defined in [RFC\n2412][]) and 'modp14'
, 'modp15'
, 'modp16'
, 'modp17'
,\n'modp18'
(defined in [RFC 3526][]). The returned object mimics the\ninterface of objects created by [crypto.createDiffieHellman()][]\nabove, but will not allow to change the keys (with\n[diffieHellman.setPublicKey()][] for example). The advantage of using\nthis routine is that the parties don't have to generate nor exchange\ngroup modulus beforehand, saving both processor and communication\ntime.\n\n
Example (obtaining a shared secret):\n\n
\nvar crypto = require('crypto');\nvar alice = crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp5');\nvar bob = crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp5');\n\nalice.generateKeys();\nbob.generateKeys();\n\nvar alice_secret = alice.computeSecret(bob.getPublicKey(), null, 'hex');\nvar bob_secret = bob.computeSecret(alice.getPublicKey(), null, 'hex');\n\n/* alice_secret and bob_secret should be the same */\nconsole.log(alice_secret == bob_secret);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "group_name"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "crypto.createECDH(curve_name)",
"type": "method",
"name": "createECDH",
"desc": "Creates an Elliptic Curve (EC) Diffie-Hellman key exchange object using a\npredefined curve specified by the curve_name
string. Use [getCurves()][] to\nobtain a list of available curve names. On recent releases,\nopenssl ecparam -list_curves
will also display the name and description of\neach available elliptic curve.\n\n
Asynchronous PBKDF2 function. Applies the selected HMAC digest function\n(default: SHA1) to derive a key of the requested length from the password,\nsalt and number of iterations. The callback gets two arguments:\n(err, derivedKey)
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\ncrypto.pbkdf2('secret', 'salt', 4096, 512, 'sha256', function(err, key) {\n if (err)\n throw err;\n console.log(key.toString('hex')); // 'c5e478d...1469e50'\n});
\nYou can get a list of supported digest functions with\ncrypto.getHashes().\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "password" }, { "name": "salt" }, { "name": "iterations" }, { "name": "keylen" }, { "name": "digest", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.pbkdf2Sync(password, salt, iterations, keylen[, digest])", "type": "method", "name": "pbkdf2Sync", "desc": "Synchronous PBKDF2 function. Returns derivedKey or throws error.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "password" }, { "name": "salt" }, { "name": "iterations" }, { "name": "keylen" }, { "name": "digest", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.randomBytes(size[, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "randomBytes", "desc": "Generates cryptographically strong pseudo-random data. Usage:\n\n
\n// async\ncrypto.randomBytes(256, function(ex, buf) {\n if (ex) throw ex;\n console.log('Have %d bytes of random data: %s', buf.length, buf);\n});\n\n// sync\ntry {\n var buf = crypto.randomBytes(256);\n console.log('Have %d bytes of random data: %s', buf.length, buf);\n} catch (ex) {\n // handle error\n // most likely, entropy sources are drained\n}
\nNOTE: This will block if there is insufficient entropy, although it should\nnormally never take longer than a few milliseconds. The only time when this\nmay conceivably block is right after boot, when the whole system is still\nlow on entropy.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "size" }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "crypto.publicEncrypt(public_key, buffer)", "type": "method", "name": "publicEncrypt", "desc": "Encrypts buffer
with public_key
. Only RSA is currently supported.\n\n
public_key
can be an object or a string. If public_key
is a string, it is\ntreated as the key with no passphrase and will use RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING
.\nSince RSA public keys may be derived from private keys you may pass a private\nkey to this method.\n\n
public_key
:\n\n
key
: A string holding the PEM encoded private keypassphrase
: An optional string of passphrase for the private keypadding
: An optional padding value, one of the following:constants.RSA_NO_PADDING
constants.RSA_PKCS1_PADDING
constants.RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING
NOTE: All paddings are defined in constants
module.\n\n
See above for details. Has the same API as crypto.publicEncrypt
. Default\npadding is RSA_PKCS1_PADDING
.\n\n
Decrypts buffer
with private_key
.\n\n
private_key
can be an object or a string. If private_key
is a string, it is\ntreated as the key with no passphrase and will use RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING
.\n\n
private_key
:\n\n
key
: A string holding the PEM encoded private keypassphrase
: An optional string of passphrase for the private keypadding
: An optional padding value, one of the following:constants.RSA_NO_PADDING
constants.RSA_PKCS1_PADDING
constants.RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING
NOTE: All paddings are defined in constants
module.\n\n
See above for details. Has the same API as crypto.privateDecrypt
.\nDefault padding is RSA_PKCS1_PADDING
.\n\n
The class for creating hash digests of data.\n\n
\nIt is a stream that is both readable and writable. The\nwritten data is used to compute the hash. Once the writable side of\nthe stream is ended, use the read()
method to get the computed hash\ndigest. The legacy update
and digest
methods are also supported.\n\n
Returned by crypto.createHash
.\n\n
Updates the hash content with the given data
, the encoding of which\nis given in input_encoding
and can be 'utf8'
, 'ascii'
or\n'binary'
. If no encoding is provided, and the input is a string, an\nencoding of 'binary'
is enforced. If data
is a Buffer
then\ninput_encoding
is ignored.\n\n
This can be called many times with new data as it is streamed.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "data" }, { "name": "input_encoding", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "hash.digest([encoding])", "type": "method", "name": "digest", "desc": "Calculates the digest of all of the passed data to be hashed. The\nencoding
can be 'hex'
, 'binary'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding\nis provided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Note: hash
object can not be used after digest()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n\n
Class for creating cryptographic hmac content.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createHmac
.\n\n
Update the hmac content with the given data
. This can be called\nmany times with new data as it is streamed.\n\n
Calculates the digest of all of the passed data to the hmac. The\nencoding
can be 'hex'
, 'binary'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding\nis provided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Note: hmac
object can not be used after digest()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n\n
Class for encrypting data.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createCipher
and crypto.createCipheriv
.\n\n
Cipher objects are streams that are both readable and\nwritable. The written plain text data is used to produce the\nencrypted data on the readable side. The legacy update
and final
\nmethods are also supported.\n\n
Updates the cipher with data
, the encoding of which is given in\ninput_encoding
and can be 'utf8'
, 'ascii'
or 'binary'
. If no\nencoding is provided, then a buffer is expected.\nIf data
is a Buffer
then input_encoding
is ignored.\n\n
The output_encoding
specifies the output format of the enciphered\ndata, and can be 'binary'
, 'base64'
or 'hex'
. If no encoding is\nprovided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns the enciphered contents, and can be called many times with new\ndata as it is streamed.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "data" }, { "name": "input_encoding", "optional": true }, { "name": "output_encoding", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "cipher.final([output_encoding])", "type": "method", "name": "final", "desc": "Returns any remaining enciphered contents, with output_encoding
\nbeing one of: 'binary'
, 'base64'
or 'hex'
. If no encoding is\nprovided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Note: cipher
object can not be used after final()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n
You can disable automatic padding of the input data to block size. If\nauto_padding
is false, the length of the entire input data must be a\nmultiple of the cipher's block size or final
will fail. Useful for\nnon-standard padding, e.g. using 0x0
instead of PKCS padding. You\nmust call this before cipher.final
.\n\n
For authenticated encryption modes (currently supported: GCM), this\nmethod returns a Buffer
that represents the authentication tag that\nhas been computed from the given data. Should be called after\nencryption has been completed using the final
method!\n\n
For authenticated encryption modes (currently supported: GCM), this\nmethod sets the value used for the additional authenticated data (AAD) input\nparameter.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buffer" } ] } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: Decipher", "type": "class", "name": "Decipher", "desc": "Class for decrypting data.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createDecipher
and crypto.createDecipheriv
.\n\n
Decipher objects are streams that are both readable and\nwritable. The written enciphered data is used to produce the\nplain-text data on the the readable side. The legacy update
and\nfinal
methods are also supported.\n\n
Updates the decipher with data
, which is encoded in 'binary'
,\n'base64'
or 'hex'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nexpected.\nIf data
is a Buffer
then input_encoding
is ignored.\n\n
The output_decoding
specifies in what format to return the\ndeciphered plaintext: 'binary'
, 'ascii'
or 'utf8'
. If no\nencoding is provided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns any remaining plaintext which is deciphered, with\noutput_encoding
being one of: 'binary'
, 'ascii'
or 'utf8'
. If\nno encoding is provided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Note: decipher
object can not be used after final()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n
You can disable auto padding if the data has been encrypted without\nstandard block padding to prevent decipher.final
from checking and\nremoving it. This will only work if the input data's length is a multiple of\nthe ciphers block size. You must call this before streaming data to\ndecipher.update
.\n\n
For authenticated encryption modes (currently supported: GCM), this\nmethod must be used to pass in the received authentication tag.\nIf no tag is provided or if the ciphertext has been tampered with,\nfinal
will throw, thus indicating that the ciphertext should\nbe discarded due to failed authentication.\n\n
For authenticated encryption modes (currently supported: GCM), this\nmethod sets the value used for the additional authenticated data (AAD) input\nparameter.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buffer" } ] } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: Sign", "type": "class", "name": "Sign", "desc": "Class for generating signatures.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createSign
.\n\n
Sign objects are writable streams. The written data is\nused to generate the signature. Once all of the data has been\nwritten, the sign
method will return the signature. The legacy\nupdate
method is also supported.\n\n
Updates the sign object with data. This can be called many times\nwith new data as it is streamed.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "data" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "sign.sign(private_key[, output_format])", "type": "method", "name": "sign", "desc": "Calculates the signature on all the updated data passed through the\nsign.\n\n
\nprivate_key
can be an object or a string. If private_key
is a string, it is\ntreated as the key with no passphrase.\n\n
private_key
:\n\n
key
: A string holding the PEM encoded private keypassphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private keyReturns the signature in output_format
which can be 'binary'
,\n'hex'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nreturned.\n\n
Note: sign
object can not be used after sign()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n
Class for verifying signatures.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createVerify
.\n\n
Verify objects are writable streams. The written data\nis used to validate against the supplied signature. Once all of the\ndata has been written, the verify
method will return true if the\nsupplied signature is valid. The legacy update
method is also\nsupported.\n\n
Updates the verifier object with data. This can be called many times\nwith new data as it is streamed.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "data" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "verifier.verify(object, signature[, signature_format])", "type": "method", "name": "verify", "desc": "Verifies the signed data by using the object
and signature
.\nobject
is a string containing a PEM encoded object, which can be\none of RSA public key, DSA public key, or X.509 certificate.\nsignature
is the previously calculated signature for the data, in\nthe signature_format
which can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
or 'base64'
.\nIf no encoding is specified, then a buffer is expected.\n\n
Returns true or false depending on the validity of the signature for\nthe data and public key.\n\n
\nNote: verifier
object can not be used after verify()
method has been\ncalled.\n\n
The class for creating Diffie-Hellman key exchanges.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createDiffieHellman
.\n\n
A bit field containing any warnings and/or errors as a result of a check performed\nduring initialization. The following values are valid for this property\n(defined in constants
module):\n\n
DH_CHECK_P_NOT_SAFE_PRIME
DH_CHECK_P_NOT_PRIME
DH_UNABLE_TO_CHECK_GENERATOR
DH_NOT_SUITABLE_GENERATOR
Generates private and public Diffie-Hellman key values, and returns\nthe public key in the specified encoding. This key should be\ntransferred to the other party. Encoding can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
,\nor 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Computes the shared secret using other_public_key
as the other\nparty's public key and returns the computed shared secret. Supplied\nkey is interpreted using specified input_encoding
, and secret is\nencoded using specified output_encoding
. Encodings can be\n'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If the input encoding is not\nprovided, then a buffer is expected.\n\n
If no output encoding is given, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "other_public_key" }, { "name": "input_encoding", "optional": true }, { "name": "output_encoding", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "diffieHellman.getPrime([encoding])", "type": "method", "name": "getPrime", "desc": "Returns the Diffie-Hellman prime in the specified encoding, which can\nbe 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided,\nthen a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns the Diffie-Hellman generator in the specified encoding, which can\nbe 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided,\nthen a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns the Diffie-Hellman public key in the specified encoding, which\ncan be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided,\nthen a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns the Diffie-Hellman private key in the specified encoding,\nwhich can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is\nprovided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Sets the Diffie-Hellman public key. Key encoding can be 'binary'
,\n'hex'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nexpected.\n\n
Sets the Diffie-Hellman private key. Key encoding can be 'binary'
,\n'hex'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nexpected.\n\n
The class for creating EC Diffie-Hellman key exchanges.\n\n
\nReturned by crypto.createECDH
.\n\n
Generates private and public EC Diffie-Hellman key values, and returns\nthe public key in the specified format and encoding. This key should be\ntransferred to the other party.\n\n
\nFormat specifies point encoding and can be 'compressed'
, 'uncompressed'
, or\n'hybrid'
. If no format is provided - the point will be returned in\n'uncompressed'
format.\n\n
Encoding can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided,\nthen a buffer is returned.\n\n
Computes the shared secret using other_public_key
as the other\nparty's public key and returns the computed shared secret. Supplied\nkey is interpreted using specified input_encoding
, and secret is\nencoded using specified output_encoding
. Encodings can be\n'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If the input encoding is not\nprovided, then a buffer is expected.\n\n
If no output encoding is given, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "other_public_key" }, { "name": "input_encoding", "optional": true }, { "name": "output_encoding", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "ECDH.getPublicKey([encoding[, format]])", "type": "method", "name": "getPublicKey", "desc": "Returns the EC Diffie-Hellman public key in the specified encoding and format.\n\n
\nFormat specifies point encoding and can be 'compressed'
, 'uncompressed'
, or\n'hybrid'
. If no format is provided - the point will be returned in\n'uncompressed'
format.\n\n
Encoding can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided,\nthen a buffer is returned.\n\n
Returns the EC Diffie-Hellman private key in the specified encoding,\nwhich can be 'binary'
, 'hex'
, or 'base64'
. If no encoding is\nprovided, then a buffer is returned.\n\n
Sets the EC Diffie-Hellman public key. Key encoding can be 'binary'
,\n'hex'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nexpected.\n\n
Sets the EC Diffie-Hellman private key. Key encoding can be 'binary'
,\n'hex'
or 'base64'
. If no encoding is provided, then a buffer is\nexpected.\n\n
Example (obtaining a shared secret):\n\n
\nvar crypto = require('crypto');\nvar alice = crypto.createECDH('secp256k1');\nvar bob = crypto.createECDH('secp256k1');\n\nalice.generateKeys();\nbob.generateKeys();\n\nvar alice_secret = alice.computeSecret(bob.getPublicKey(), null, 'hex');\nvar bob_secret = bob.computeSecret(alice.getPublicKey(), null, 'hex');\n\n/* alice_secret and bob_secret should be the same */\nconsole.log(alice_secret == bob_secret);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "private_key"
},
{
"name": "encoding",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Class: Certificate",
"type": "class",
"name": "Certificate",
"desc": "The class used for working with signed public key & challenges. The most\ncommon usage for this series of functions is when dealing with the <keygen>
\nelement. http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/spkac.html\n\n
Returned by crypto.Certificate
.\n\n
Returns true of false based on the validity of the SPKAC.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "spkac" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Certificate.exportChallenge(spkac)", "type": "method", "name": "exportChallenge", "desc": "Exports the encoded public key from the supplied SPKAC.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "spkac" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Certificate.exportPublicKey(spkac)", "type": "method", "name": "exportPublicKey", "desc": "Exports the encoded challenge associated with the SPKAC.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "spkac" } ] } ] } ] } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "crypto.DEFAULT_ENCODING", "name": "DEFAULT_ENCODING", "desc": "The default encoding to use for functions that can take either strings\nor buffers. The default value is 'buffer'
, which makes it default\nto using Buffer objects. This is here to make the crypto module more\neasily compatible with legacy programs that expected 'binary'
to be\nthe default encoding.\n\n
Note that new programs will probably expect buffers, so only use this\nas a temporary measure.\n\n
\n" } ], "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Recent API Changes", "name": "recent_api_changes", "desc": "The Crypto module was added to Node.js before there was the concept of a\nunified Stream API, and before there were Buffer objects for handling\nbinary data.\n\n
\nAs such, the streaming classes don't have the typical methods found on\nother io.js classes, and many methods accepted and returned\nBinary-encoded strings by default rather than Buffers. This was\nchanged to use Buffers by default instead.\n\n
\nThis is a breaking change for some use cases, but not all.\n\n
\nFor example, if you currently use the default arguments to the Sign\nclass, and then pass the results to the Verify class, without ever\ninspecting the data, then it will continue to work as before. Where\nyou once got a binary string and then presented the binary string to\nthe Verify object, you'll now get a Buffer, and present the Buffer to\nthe Verify object.\n\n
\nHowever, if you were doing things with the string data that will not\nwork properly on Buffers (such as, concatenating them, storing in\ndatabases, etc.), or you are passing binary strings to the crypto\nfunctions without an encoding argument, then you will need to start\nproviding encoding arguments to specify which encoding you'd like to\nuse. To switch to the previous style of using binary strings by\ndefault, set the crypto.DEFAULT_ENCODING
field to 'binary'. Note\nthat new programs will probably expect buffers, so only use this as a\ntemporary measure.\n\n\n
Datagram sockets are available through require('dgram')
.\n\n
Important note: the behavior of dgram.Socket#bind()
has changed in v0.10\nand is always asynchronous now. If you have code that looks like this:\n\n
var s = dgram.createSocket('udp4');\ns.bind(1234);\ns.addMembership('224.0.0.114');
\nYou have to change it to this:\n\n
\nvar s = dgram.createSocket('udp4');\ns.bind(1234, function() {\n s.addMembership('224.0.0.114');\n});
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "dgram.createSocket(type[, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "createSocket",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Returns: Socket object ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "Socket object"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`type` String. Either 'udp4' or 'udp6' ",
"name": "type",
"desc": "String. Either 'udp4' or 'udp6'"
},
{
"textRaw": "`callback` Function. Attached as a listener to `message` events. Optional ",
"name": "callback",
"optional": true,
"desc": "Function. Attached as a listener to `message` events."
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "type"
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "Creates a datagram Socket of the specified types. Valid types are udp4
\nand udp6
.\n\n
Takes an optional callback which is added as a listener for message
events.\n\n
Call socket.bind()
if you want to receive datagrams. socket.bind()
will\nbind to the "all interfaces" address on a random port (it does the right thing\nfor both udp4
and udp6
sockets). You can then retrieve the address and port\nwith socket.address().address
and socket.address().port
.\n\n
The options
object should contain a type
field of either udp4
or udp6
\nand an optional boolean reuseAddr
field.\n\n
When reuseAddr
is true
socket.bind()
will reuse the address, even if\nanother process has already bound a socket on it. reuseAddr
defaults to\nfalse
.\n\n
Takes an optional callback which is added as a listener for message
events.\n\n
Call socket.bind()
if you want to receive datagrams. socket.bind()
will\nbind to the "all interfaces" address on a random port (it does the right thing\nfor both udp4
and udp6
sockets). You can then retrieve the address and port\nwith socket.address().address
and socket.address().port
.\n\n
The dgram Socket class encapsulates the datagram functionality. It\nshould be created via dgram.createSocket(...)
\n\n
Emitted when a new datagram is available on a socket. msg
is a Buffer
and\nrinfo
is an object with the sender's address information:\n\n
socket.on('message', function(msg, rinfo) {\n console.log('Received %d bytes from %s:%d\\n',\n msg.length, rinfo.address, rinfo.port);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'listening'",
"type": "event",
"name": "listening",
"desc": "Emitted when a socket starts listening for datagrams. This happens as soon as UDP sockets\nare created.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'close'", "type": "event", "name": "close", "desc": "Emitted after a socket is closed with close()
. No new message
events will be emitted\non this socket.\n\n
Emitted when an error occurs.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "socket.send(buf, offset, length, port, address[, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "send", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`buf` Buffer object or string. Message to be sent ", "name": "buf", "desc": "Buffer object or string. Message to be sent" }, { "textRaw": "`offset` Integer. Offset in the buffer where the message starts. ", "name": "offset", "desc": "Integer. Offset in the buffer where the message starts." }, { "textRaw": "`length` Integer. Number of bytes in the message. ", "name": "length", "desc": "Integer. Number of bytes in the message." }, { "textRaw": "`port` Integer. Destination port. ", "name": "port", "desc": "Integer. Destination port." }, { "textRaw": "`address` String. Destination hostname or IP address. ", "name": "address", "desc": "String. Destination hostname or IP address." }, { "textRaw": "`callback` Function. Called when the message has been sent. Optional. ", "name": "callback", "desc": "Function. Called when the message has been sent. Optional.", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "offset" }, { "name": "length" }, { "name": "port" }, { "name": "address" }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "For UDP sockets, the destination port and address must be specified. A string\nmay be supplied for the address
parameter, and it will be resolved with DNS.\n\n
If the address is omitted or is an empty string, '0.0.0.0'
or '::0'
is used\ninstead. Depending on the network configuration, those defaults may or may not\nwork; it's best to be explicit about the destination address.\n\n
If the socket has not been previously bound with a call to bind
, it gets\nassigned a random port number and is bound to the "all interfaces" address\n('0.0.0.0'
for udp4
sockets, '::0'
for udp6
sockets.)\n\n
An optional callback may be specified to detect DNS errors or for determining\nwhen it's safe to reuse the buf
object. Note that DNS lookups delay the time\nto send for at least one tick. The only way to know for sure that the datagram\nhas been sent is by using a callback. If an error occurs and a callback is\ngiven, the error will be the first argument to the callback. If a callback is\nnot given, the error is emitted as an 'error'
event on the socket
object.\n\n
With consideration for multi-byte characters, offset
and length
will\nbe calculated with respect to\nbyte length\nand not the character position.\n\n
Example of sending a UDP packet to a random port on localhost
;\n\n
var dgram = require('dgram');\nvar message = new Buffer("Some bytes");\nvar client = dgram.createSocket("udp4");\nclient.send(message, 0, message.length, 41234, "localhost", function(err) {\n client.close();\n});
\nA Note about UDP datagram size\n\n
\nThe maximum size of an IPv4/v6
datagram depends on the MTU
(Maximum Transmission Unit)\nand on the Payload Length
field size.\n\n
The Payload Length
field is 16 bits
wide, which means that a normal payload\ncannot be larger than 64K octets including internet header and data\n(65,507 bytes = 65,535 − 8 bytes UDP header − 20 bytes IP header);\nthis is generally true for loopback interfaces, but such long datagrams\nare impractical for most hosts and networks.
The MTU
is the largest size a given link layer technology can support for datagrams.\nFor any link, IPv4
mandates a minimum MTU
of 68
octets, while the recommended MTU
\nfor IPv4 is 576
(typically recommended as the MTU
for dial-up type applications),\nwhether they arrive whole or in fragments.
For IPv6
, the minimum MTU
is 1280
octets, however, the mandatory minimum\nfragment reassembly buffer size is 1500
octets.\nThe value of 68
octets is very small, since most current link layer technologies have\na minimum MTU
of 1500
(like Ethernet).
Note that it's impossible to know in advance the MTU of each link through which\na packet might travel, and that generally sending a datagram greater than\nthe (receiver) MTU
won't work (the packet gets silently dropped, without\ninforming the source that the data did not reach its intended recipient).\n\n
For UDP sockets, listen for datagrams on a named port
and optional\naddress
. If port
is not specified, the OS will try to bind to a random\nport. If address
is not specified, the OS will try to listen on\nall addresses. After binding is done, a "listening" event is emitted\nand the callback
(if specified) is called. Specifying both a\n"listening" event listener and callback
is not harmful but not very\nuseful.\n\n
A bound datagram socket keeps the io.js process running to receive\ndatagrams.\n\n
\nIf binding fails, an "error" event is generated. In rare case (e.g.\nbinding a closed socket), an Error
may be thrown by this method.\n\n
Example of a UDP server listening on port 41234:\n\n
\nvar dgram = require("dgram");\n\nvar server = dgram.createSocket("udp4");\n\nserver.on("error", function (err) {\n console.log("server error:\\n" + err.stack);\n server.close();\n});\n\nserver.on("message", function (msg, rinfo) {\n console.log("server got: " + msg + " from " +\n rinfo.address + ":" + rinfo.port);\n});\n\nserver.on("listening", function () {\n var address = server.address();\n console.log("server listening " +\n address.address + ":" + address.port);\n});\n\nserver.bind(41234);\n// server listening 0.0.0.0:41234
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "socket.bind(options[, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "bind",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`options` {Object} - Required. Supports the following properties: ",
"options": [
{
"textRaw": "`port` {Number} - Required. ",
"name": "port",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "Required."
},
{
"textRaw": "`address` {String} - Optional. ",
"name": "address",
"type": "String",
"desc": "Optional."
},
{
"textRaw": "`exclusive` {Boolean} - Optional. ",
"name": "exclusive",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "Optional."
}
],
"name": "options",
"type": "Object",
"desc": "Required. Supports the following properties:"
},
{
"textRaw": "`callback` {Function} - Optional. ",
"name": "callback",
"type": "Function",
"desc": "Optional.",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "The port
and address
properties of options
, as well as the optional\ncallback function, behave as they do on a call to\nsocket.bind(port, [address], [callback])\n.\n\n
If exclusive
is false
(default), then cluster workers will use the same\nunderlying handle, allowing connection handling duties to be shared. When\nexclusive
is true
, the handle is not shared, and attempted port sharing\nresults in an error. An example which listens on an exclusive port is\nshown below.\n\n
socket.bind({\n address: 'localhost',\n port: 8000,\n exclusive: true\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "socket.close([callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "close",
"desc": "Close the underlying socket and stop listening for data on it. If a callback is\nprovided, it is added as a listener for the 'close' event.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "socket.address()", "type": "method", "name": "address", "desc": "Returns an object containing the address information for a socket. For UDP sockets,\nthis object will contain address
, family
and port
.\n\n
Sets or clears the SO_BROADCAST
socket option. When this option is set, UDP packets\nmay be sent to a local interface's broadcast address.\n\n
Sets the IP_TTL
socket option. TTL stands for "Time to Live," but in this context it\nspecifies the number of IP hops that a packet is allowed to go through. Each router or\ngateway that forwards a packet decrements the TTL. If the TTL is decremented to 0 by a\nrouter, it will not be forwarded. Changing TTL values is typically done for network\nprobes or when multicasting.\n\n
The argument to setTTL()
is a number of hops between 1 and 255. The default on most\nsystems is 64.\n\n
Sets the IP_MULTICAST_TTL
socket option. TTL stands for "Time to Live," but in this\ncontext it specifies the number of IP hops that a packet is allowed to go through,\nspecifically for multicast traffic. Each router or gateway that forwards a packet\ndecrements the TTL. If the TTL is decremented to 0 by a router, it will not be forwarded.\n\n
The argument to setMulticastTTL()
is a number of hops between 0 and 255. The default on most\nsystems is 1.\n\n
Sets or clears the IP_MULTICAST_LOOP
socket option. When this option is set, multicast\npackets will also be received on the local interface.\n\n
Tells the kernel to join a multicast group with IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
socket option.\n\n
If multicastInterface
is not specified, the OS will try to add membership to all valid\ninterfaces.\n\n
Opposite of addMembership
- tells the kernel to leave a multicast group with\nIP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP
socket option. This is automatically called by the kernel\nwhen the socket is closed or process terminates, so most apps will never need to call\nthis.\n\n
If multicastInterface
is not specified, the OS will try to drop membership to all valid\ninterfaces.\n\n
Calling unref
on a socket will allow the program to exit if this is the only\nactive socket in the event system. If the socket is already unref
d calling\nunref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Opposite of unref
, calling ref
on a previously unref
d socket will not\nlet the program exit if it's the only socket left (the default behavior). If\nthe socket is ref
d calling ref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Use require('dns')
to access this module.\n\n
This module contains functions that belong to two different categories:\n\n
\n1) Functions that use the underlying operating system facilities to perform\nname resolution, and that do not necessarily do any network communication.\nThis category contains only one function: dns.lookup
. Developers looking\nto perform name resolution in the same way that other applications on the same\noperating system behave should use dns.lookup
.\n\n
Here is an example that does a lookup of www.google.com
.\n\n
var dns = require('dns');\n\ndns.lookup('www.google.com', function onLookup(err, addresses, family) {\n console.log('addresses:', addresses);\n});
\n2) Functions that connect to an actual DNS server to perform name resolution,\nand that always use the network to perform DNS queries. This category\ncontains all functions in the dns
module but dns.lookup
. These functions\ndo not use the same set of configuration files than what dns.lookup
uses.\nFor instance, they do not use the configuration from /etc/hosts
. These\nfunctions should be used by developers who do not want to use the underlying\noperating system's facilities for name resolution, and instead want to\nalways perform DNS queries.\n\n
Here is an example which resolves 'www.google.com'
then reverse\nresolves the IP addresses which are returned.\n\n
var dns = require('dns');\n\ndns.resolve4('www.google.com', function (err, addresses) {\n if (err) throw err;\n\n console.log('addresses: ' + JSON.stringify(addresses));\n\n addresses.forEach(function (a) {\n dns.reverse(a, function (err, hostnames) {\n if (err) {\n throw err;\n }\n\n console.log('reverse for ' + a + ': ' + JSON.stringify(hostnames));\n });\n });\n});
\nThere are subtle consequences in choosing one or another, please consult the\nImplementation considerations section\nfor more information.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "dns.lookup(hostname[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "lookup", "desc": "Resolves a hostname (e.g. 'google.com'
) into the first found A (IPv4) or\nAAAA (IPv6) record. options
can be an object or integer. If options
is\nnot provided, then IP v4 and v6 addresses are both valid. If options
is\nan integer, then it must be 4
or 6
.\n\n
Alternatively, options
can be an object containing these properties:\n\n
family
{Number} - The record family. If present, must be the integer\n4
or 6
. If not provided, both IP v4 and v6 addresses are accepted.hints
: {Number} - If present, it should be one or more of the supported\ngetaddrinfo
flags. If hints
is not provided, then no flags are passed to\ngetaddrinfo
. Multiple flags can be passed through hints
by logically\nOR
ing their values.\nSee supported getaddrinfo
flags below\nfor more information on supported flags.all
: {Boolean} - When true
, the callback returns all resolved addresses\nin an array, otherwise returns a single address. Defaults to false
.All properties are optional. An example usage of options is shown below.\n\n
\n{\n family: 4,\n hints: dns.ADDRCONFIG | dns.V4MAPPED,\n all: false\n}
\nThe callback has arguments (err, address, family)
. address
is a string\nrepresentation of an IP v4 or v6 address. family
is either the integer 4 or 6\nand denotes the family of address
(not necessarily the value initially passed\nto lookup
).\n\n
With the all
option set, the arguments change to (err, addresses)
, with\naddresses
being an array of objects with the properties address
and\nfamily
.\n\n
On error, err
is an Error
object, where err.code
is the error code.\nKeep in mind that err.code
will be set to 'ENOENT'
not only when\nthe hostname does not exist but also when the lookup fails in other ways\nsuch as no available file descriptors.\n\n
dns.lookup
doesn't necessarily have anything to do with the DNS protocol.\nIt's only an operating system facility that can associate name with addresses,\nand vice versa.\n\n
Its implementation can have subtle but important consequences on the behavior\nof any io.js program. Please take some time to consult the Implementation\nconsiderations section before using it.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "hostname" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "dns.lookupService(address, port, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "lookupService", "desc": "Resolves the given address and port into a hostname and service using\ngetnameinfo
.\n\n
The callback has arguments (err, hostname, service)
. The hostname
and\nservice
arguments are strings (e.g. 'localhost'
and 'http'
respectively).\n\n
On error, err
is an Error
object, where err.code
is the error code.\n\n\n
Resolves a hostname (e.g. 'google.com'
) into an array of the record types\nspecified by rrtype.\n\n
Valid rrtypes are:\n\n
\n'A'
(IPV4 addresses, default)'AAAA'
(IPV6 addresses)'MX'
(mail exchange records)'TXT'
(text records)'SRV'
(SRV records)'PTR'
(used for reverse IP lookups)'NS'
(name server records)'CNAME'
(canonical name records)'SOA'
(start of authority record)The callback has arguments (err, addresses)
. The type of each item\nin addresses
is determined by the record type, and described in the\ndocumentation for the corresponding lookup methods below.\n\n
On error, err
is an Error
object, where err.code
is\none of the error codes listed below.\n\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for IPv4 queries (A
records).\naddresses
is an array of IPv4 addresses (e.g.\n['74.125.79.104', '74.125.79.105', '74.125.79.106']
).\n\n
The same as dns.resolve4()
except for IPv6 queries (an AAAA
query).\n\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for mail exchange queries (MX
records).\n\n
addresses
is an array of MX records, each with a priority and an exchange\nattribute (e.g. [{'priority': 10, 'exchange': 'mx.example.com'},...]
).\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for text queries (TXT
records).\naddresses
is a 2-d array of the text records available for hostname
(e.g.,\n[ ['v=spf1 ip4:0.0.0.0 ', '~all' ] ]
). Each sub-array contains TXT chunks of\none record. Depending on the use case, the could be either joined together or\ntreated separately.\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for service records (SRV
records).\naddresses
is an array of the SRV records available for hostname
. Properties\nof SRV records are priority, weight, port, and name (e.g.,\n[{'priority': 10, 'weight': 5, 'port': 21223, 'name': 'service.example.com'}, ...]
).\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for start of authority record queries\n(SOA
record).\n\n
addresses
is an object with the following structure:\n\n
{\n nsname: 'ns.example.com',\n hostmaster: 'root.example.com',\n serial: 2013101809,\n refresh: 10000,\n retry: 2400,\n expire: 604800,\n minttl: 3600\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "hostname"
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "dns.resolveNs(hostname, callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "resolveNs",
"desc": "The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for name server records (NS
records).\naddresses
is an array of the name server records available for hostname
\n(e.g., ['ns1.example.com', 'ns2.example.com']
).\n\n
The same as dns.resolve()
, but only for canonical name records (CNAME
\nrecords). addresses
is an array of the canonical name records available for\nhostname
(e.g., ['bar.example.com']
).\n\n
Reverse resolves an ip address to an array of hostnames.\n\n
\nThe callback has arguments (err, hostnames)
.\n\n
On error, err
is an Error
object, where err.code
is\none of the error codes listed below.\n\n
Returns an array of IP addresses as strings that are currently being used for\nresolution\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "dns.setServers(servers)", "type": "method", "name": "setServers", "desc": "Given an array of IP addresses as strings, set them as the servers to use for\nresolving\n\n
\nIf you specify a port with the address it will be stripped, as the underlying\nlibrary doesn't support that.\n\n
\nThis will throw if you pass invalid input.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "servers" } ] } ] } ], "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Error codes", "name": "error_codes", "desc": "Each DNS query can return one of the following error codes:\n\n
\ndns.NODATA
: DNS server returned answer with no data.dns.FORMERR
: DNS server claims query was misformatted.dns.SERVFAIL
: DNS server returned general failure.dns.NOTFOUND
: Domain name not found.dns.NOTIMP
: DNS server does not implement requested operation.dns.REFUSED
: DNS server refused query.dns.BADQUERY
: Misformatted DNS query.dns.BADNAME
: Misformatted hostname.dns.BADFAMILY
: Unsupported address family.dns.BADRESP
: Misformatted DNS reply.dns.CONNREFUSED
: Could not contact DNS servers.dns.TIMEOUT
: Timeout while contacting DNS servers.dns.EOF
: End of file.dns.FILE
: Error reading file.dns.NOMEM
: Out of memory.dns.DESTRUCTION
: Channel is being destroyed.dns.BADSTR
: Misformatted string.dns.BADFLAGS
: Illegal flags specified.dns.NONAME
: Given hostname is not numeric.dns.BADHINTS
: Illegal hints flags specified.dns.NOTINITIALIZED
: c-ares library initialization not yet performed.dns.LOADIPHLPAPI
: Error loading iphlpapi.dll.dns.ADDRGETNETWORKPARAMS
: Could not find GetNetworkParams function.dns.CANCELLED
: DNS query cancelled.The following flags can be passed as hints to dns.lookup
.\n\n
dns.ADDRCONFIG
: Returned address types are determined by the types\nof addresses supported by the current system. For example, IPv4 addresses\nare only returned if the current system has at least one IPv4 address\nconfigured. Loopback addresses are not considered.dns.V4MAPPED
: If the IPv6 family was specified, but no IPv6 addresses were\nfound, then return IPv4 mapped IPv6 addresses. Note that it is not supported\non some operating systems (e.g FreeBSD 10.1).Although dns.lookup
and dns.resolve*/dns.reverse
functions have the same\ngoal of associating a network name with a network address (or vice versa),\ntheir behavior is quite different. These differences can have subtle but\nsignificant consequences on the behavior of io.js programs.\n\n
Under the hood, dns.lookup
uses the same operating system facilities as most\nother programs. For instance, dns.lookup
will almost always resolve a given\nname the same way as the ping
command. On most POSIX-like operating systems,\nthe behavior of the dns.lookup
function can be tweaked by changing settings\nin nsswitch.conf(5)
and/or resolv.conf(5)
, but be careful that changing\nthese files will change the behavior of all other programs running on the same\noperating system.\n\n
Though the call will be asynchronous from JavaScript's perspective, it is\nimplemented as a synchronous call to getaddrinfo(3)
that runs on libuv's\nthreadpool. Because libuv's threadpool has a fixed size, it means that if for\nwhatever reason the call to getaddrinfo(3)
takes a long time, other\noperations that could run on libuv's threadpool (such as filesystem\noperations) will experience degraded performance. In order to mitigate this\nissue, one potential solution is to increase the size of libuv's threadpool by\nsetting the 'UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE' environment variable to a value greater than\n4 (its current default value). For more information on libuv's threadpool, see\nthe official libuv\ndocumentation.\n\n
These functions are implemented quite differently than dns.lookup
. They do\nnot use getaddrinfo(3)
and they always perform a DNS query on the network.\nThis network communication is always done asynchronously, and does not use\nlibuv's threadpool.\n\n
As a result, these functions cannot have the same negative impact on other\nprocessing that happens on libuv's threadpool that dns.lookup
can have.\n\n
They do not use the same set of configuration files than what dns.lookup
\nuses. For instance, they do not use the configuration from /etc/hosts
.\n\n
This module is pending deprecation. Once a replacement API has been\nfinalized, this module will be fully deprecated. Most end users should\nnot have cause to use this module. Users who absolutely must have\nthe functionality that domains provide may rely on it for the time being\nbut should expect to have to migrate to a different solution\nin the future.\n\n
\nDomains provide a way to handle multiple different IO operations as a\nsingle group. If any of the event emitters or callbacks registered to a\ndomain emit an error
event, or throw an error, then the domain object\nwill be notified, rather than losing the context of the error in the\nprocess.on('uncaughtException')
handler, or causing the program to\nexit immediately with an error code.\n\n
Domain error handlers are not a substitute for closing down your\nprocess when an error occurs.\n\n
\nBy the very nature of how throw
works in JavaScript, there is almost\nnever any way to safely "pick up where you left off", without leaking\nreferences, or creating some other sort of undefined brittle state.\n\n
The safest way to respond to a thrown error is to shut down the\nprocess. Of course, in a normal web server, you might have many\nconnections open, and it is not reasonable to abruptly shut those down\nbecause an error was triggered by someone else.\n\n
\nThe better approach is to send an error response to the request that\ntriggered the error, while letting the others finish in their normal\ntime, and stop listening for new requests in that worker.\n\n
\nIn this way, domain
usage goes hand-in-hand with the cluster module,\nsince the master process can fork a new worker when a worker\nencounters an error. For io.js programs that scale to multiple\nmachines, the terminating proxy or service registry can take note of\nthe failure, and react accordingly.\n\n
For example, this is not a good idea:\n\n
\n// XXX WARNING! BAD IDEA!\n\nvar d = require('domain').create();\nd.on('error', function(er) {\n // The error won't crash the process, but what it does is worse!\n // Though we've prevented abrupt process restarting, we are leaking\n // resources like crazy if this ever happens.\n // This is no better than process.on('uncaughtException')!\n console.log('error, but oh well', er.message);\n});\nd.run(function() {\n require('http').createServer(function(req, res) {\n handleRequest(req, res);\n }).listen(PORT);\n});
\nBy using the context of a domain, and the resilience of separating our\nprogram into multiple worker processes, we can react more\nappropriately, and handle errors with much greater safety.\n\n
\n// Much better!\n\nvar cluster = require('cluster');\nvar PORT = +process.env.PORT || 1337;\n\nif (cluster.isMaster) {\n // In real life, you'd probably use more than just 2 workers,\n // and perhaps not put the master and worker in the same file.\n //\n // You can also of course get a bit fancier about logging, and\n // implement whatever custom logic you need to prevent DoS\n // attacks and other bad behavior.\n //\n // See the options in the cluster documentation.\n //\n // The important thing is that the master does very little,\n // increasing our resilience to unexpected errors.\n\n cluster.fork();\n cluster.fork();\n\n cluster.on('disconnect', function(worker) {\n console.error('disconnect!');\n cluster.fork();\n });\n\n} else {\n // the worker\n //\n // This is where we put our bugs!\n\n var domain = require('domain');\n\n // See the cluster documentation for more details about using\n // worker processes to serve requests. How it works, caveats, etc.\n\n var server = require('http').createServer(function(req, res) {\n var d = domain.create();\n d.on('error', function(er) {\n console.error('error', er.stack);\n\n // Note: we're in dangerous territory!\n // By definition, something unexpected occurred,\n // which we probably didn't want.\n // Anything can happen now! Be very careful!\n\n try {\n // make sure we close down within 30 seconds\n var killtimer = setTimeout(function() {\n process.exit(1);\n }, 30000);\n // But don't keep the process open just for that!\n killtimer.unref();\n\n // stop taking new requests.\n server.close();\n\n // Let the master know we're dead. This will trigger a\n // 'disconnect' in the cluster master, and then it will fork\n // a new worker.\n cluster.worker.disconnect();\n\n // try to send an error to the request that triggered the problem\n res.statusCode = 500;\n res.setHeader('content-type', 'text/plain');\n res.end('Oops, there was a problem!\\n');\n } catch (er2) {\n // oh well, not much we can do at this point.\n console.error('Error sending 500!', er2.stack);\n }\n });\n\n // Because req and res were created before this domain existed,\n // we need to explicitly add them.\n // See the explanation of implicit vs explicit binding below.\n d.add(req);\n d.add(res);\n\n // Now run the handler function in the domain.\n d.run(function() {\n handleRequest(req, res);\n });\n });\n server.listen(PORT);\n}\n\n// This part isn't important. Just an example routing thing.\n// You'd put your fancy application logic here.\nfunction handleRequest(req, res) {\n switch(req.url) {\n case '/error':\n // We do some async stuff, and then...\n setTimeout(function() {\n // Whoops!\n flerb.bark();\n });\n break;\n default:\n res.end('ok');\n }\n}
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Additions to Error objects",
"name": "Additions to Error objects",
"type": "misc",
"desc": "Any time an Error object is routed through a domain, a few extra fields\nare added to it.\n\n
\nerror.domain
The domain that first handled the error.error.domainEmitter
The event emitter that emitted an 'error' event\nwith the error object.error.domainBound
The callback function which was bound to the\ndomain, and passed an error as its first argument.error.domainThrown
A boolean indicating whether the error was\nthrown, emitted, or passed to a bound callback function.If domains are in use, then all new EventEmitter objects (including\nStream objects, requests, responses, etc.) will be implicitly bound to\nthe active domain at the time of their creation.\n\n
\nAdditionally, callbacks passed to lowlevel event loop requests (such as\nto fs.open, or other callback-taking methods) will automatically be\nbound to the active domain. If they throw, then the domain will catch\nthe error.\n\n
\nIn order to prevent excessive memory usage, Domain objects themselves\nare not implicitly added as children of the active domain. If they\nwere, then it would be too easy to prevent request and response objects\nfrom being properly garbage collected.\n\n
\nIf you want to nest Domain objects as children of a parent Domain,\nthen you must explicitly add them.\n\n
\nImplicit binding routes thrown errors and 'error'
events to the\nDomain's error
event, but does not register the EventEmitter on the\nDomain, so domain.dispose()
will not shut down the EventEmitter.\nImplicit binding only takes care of thrown errors and 'error'
events.\n\n
Sometimes, the domain in use is not the one that ought to be used for a\nspecific event emitter. Or, the event emitter could have been created\nin the context of one domain, but ought to instead be bound to some\nother domain.\n\n
\nFor example, there could be one domain in use for an HTTP server, but\nperhaps we would like to have a separate domain to use for each request.\n\n
\nThat is possible via explicit binding.\n\n
\nFor example:\n\n
\n// create a top-level domain for the server\nvar serverDomain = domain.create();\n\nserverDomain.run(function() {\n // server is created in the scope of serverDomain\n http.createServer(function(req, res) {\n // req and res are also created in the scope of serverDomain\n // however, we'd prefer to have a separate domain for each request.\n // create it first thing, and add req and res to it.\n var reqd = domain.create();\n reqd.add(req);\n reqd.add(res);\n reqd.on('error', function(er) {\n console.error('Error', er, req.url);\n try {\n res.writeHead(500);\n res.end('Error occurred, sorry.');\n } catch (er) {\n console.error('Error sending 500', er, req.url);\n }\n });\n }).listen(1337);\n});
\n"
}
],
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "domain.create()",
"type": "method",
"name": "create",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "return: {Domain} ",
"name": "return",
"type": "Domain"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "Returns a new Domain object.\n\n
\n" } ], "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: Domain", "type": "class", "name": "Domain", "desc": "The Domain class encapsulates the functionality of routing errors and\nuncaught exceptions to the active Domain object.\n\n
\nDomain is a child class of [EventEmitter][]. To handle the errors that it\ncatches, listen to its error
event.\n\n
Run the supplied function in the context of the domain, implicitly\nbinding all event emitters, timers, and lowlevel requests that are\ncreated in that context. Optionally, arguments can be passed to\nthe function.\n\n
\nThis is the most basic way to use a domain.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar d = domain.create();\nd.on('error', function(er) {\n console.error('Caught error!', er);\n});\nd.run(function() {\n process.nextTick(function() {\n setTimeout(function() { // simulating some various async stuff\n fs.open('non-existent file', 'r', function(er, fd) {\n if (er) throw er;\n // proceed...\n });\n }, 100);\n });\n});
\nIn this example, the d.on('error')
handler will be triggered, rather\nthan crashing the program.\n\n
Explicitly adds an emitter to the domain. If any event handlers called by\nthe emitter throw an error, or if the emitter emits an error
event, it\nwill be routed to the domain's error
event, just like with implicit\nbinding.\n\n
This also works with timers that are returned from setInterval
and\nsetTimeout
. If their callback function throws, it will be caught by\nthe domain 'error' handler.\n\n
If the Timer or EventEmitter was already bound to a domain, it is removed\nfrom that one, and bound to this one instead.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "domain.remove(emitter)", "type": "method", "name": "remove", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`emitter` {EventEmitter | Timer} emitter or timer to be removed from the domain ", "name": "emitter", "type": "EventEmitter | Timer", "desc": "emitter or timer to be removed from the domain" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "emitter" } ] } ], "desc": "The opposite of domain.add(emitter)
. Removes domain handling from the\nspecified emitter.\n\n
The returned function will be a wrapper around the supplied callback\nfunction. When the returned function is called, any errors that are\nthrown will be routed to the domain's error
event.\n\n
var d = domain.create();\n\nfunction readSomeFile(filename, cb) {\n fs.readFile(filename, 'utf8', d.bind(function(er, data) {\n // if this throws, it will also be passed to the domain\n return cb(er, data ? JSON.parse(data) : null);\n }));\n}\n\nd.on('error', function(er) {\n // an error occurred somewhere.\n // if we throw it now, it will crash the program\n // with the normal line number and stack message.\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "domain.intercept(callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "intercept",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "return: {Function} The intercepted function ",
"name": "return",
"type": "Function",
"desc": "The intercepted function"
},
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`callback` {Function} The callback function ",
"name": "callback",
"type": "Function",
"desc": "The callback function"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This method is almost identical to domain.bind(callback)
. However, in\naddition to catching thrown errors, it will also intercept Error
\nobjects sent as the first argument to the function.\n\n
In this way, the common if (er) return callback(er);
pattern can be replaced\nwith a single error handler in a single place.\n\n
var d = domain.create();\n\nfunction readSomeFile(filename, cb) {\n fs.readFile(filename, 'utf8', d.intercept(function(data) {\n // note, the first argument is never passed to the\n // callback since it is assumed to be the 'Error' argument\n // and thus intercepted by the domain.\n\n // if this throws, it will also be passed to the domain\n // so the error-handling logic can be moved to the 'error'\n // event on the domain instead of being repeated throughout\n // the program.\n return cb(null, JSON.parse(data));\n }));\n}\n\nd.on('error', function(er) {\n // an error occurred somewhere.\n // if we throw it now, it will crash the program\n // with the normal line number and stack message.\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "domain.enter()",
"type": "method",
"name": "enter",
"desc": "The enter
method is plumbing used by the run
, bind
, and intercept
\nmethods to set the active domain. It sets domain.active
and process.domain
\nto the domain, and implicitly pushes the domain onto the domain stack managed\nby the domain module (see domain.exit()
for details on the domain stack). The\ncall to enter
delimits the beginning of a chain of asynchronous calls and I/O\noperations bound to a domain.\n\n
Calling enter
changes only the active domain, and does not alter the domain\nitself. Enter
and exit
can be called an arbitrary number of times on a\nsingle domain.\n\n
If the domain on which enter
is called has been disposed, enter
will return\nwithout setting the domain.\n\n
The exit
method exits the current domain, popping it off the domain stack.\nAny time execution is going to switch to the context of a different chain of\nasynchronous calls, it's important to ensure that the current domain is exited.\nThe call to exit
delimits either the end of or an interruption to the chain\nof asynchronous calls and I/O operations bound to a domain.\n\n
If there are multiple, nested domains bound to the current execution context,\nexit
will exit any domains nested within this domain.\n\n
Calling exit
changes only the active domain, and does not alter the domain\nitself. Enter
and exit
can be called an arbitrary number of times on a\nsingle domain.\n\n
If the domain on which exit
is called has been disposed, exit
will return\nwithout exiting the domain.\n\n
Stability: 0 - Deprecated. Please recover from failed IO actions\nexplicitly via error event handlers set on the domain.
\nOnce dispose
has been called, the domain will no longer be used by callbacks\nbound into the domain via run
, bind
, or intercept
, and a dispose
event\nis emitted.\n\n
An array of timers and event emitters that have been explicitly added\nto the domain.\n\n
\n" } ] } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "Domain" }, { "textRaw": "Events", "name": "Events", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "type": "module", "desc": "Many objects in io.js emit events: a net.Server
emits an event each time\na peer connects to it, a fs.readStream
emits an event when the file is\nopened. All objects which emit events are instances of events.EventEmitter
.\nYou can access this module by doing: require("events");
\n\n
Typically, event names are represented by a camel-cased string, however,\nthere aren't any strict restrictions on that, as any string will be accepted.\n\n
\nFunctions can then be attached to objects, to be executed when an event\nis emitted. These functions are called listeners. Inside a listener\nfunction, this
refers to the EventEmitter
that the listener was\nattached to.\n\n\n
Use require('events')
to access the EventEmitter class.\n\n
var EventEmitter = require('events');
\nWhen an EventEmitter
instance experiences an error, the typical action is\nto emit an 'error'
event. Error events are treated as a special case in\nio.js. If there is no listener for it, then the default action is to print\na stack trace and exit the program.\n\n
All EventEmitters emit the event 'newListener'
when new listeners are\nadded and 'removeListener'
when a listener is removed.\n\n
Adds a listener to the end of the listeners array for the specified event
.\nNo checks are made to see if the listener
has already been added. Multiple\ncalls passing the same combination of event
and listener
will result in the\nlistener
being added multiple times.\n\n
server.on('connection', function (stream) {\n console.log('someone connected!');\n});
\nReturns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "event" }, { "name": "listener" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "event" }, { "name": "listener" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.on(event, listener)", "type": "method", "name": "on", "desc": "Adds a listener to the end of the listeners array for the specified event
.\nNo checks are made to see if the listener
has already been added. Multiple\ncalls passing the same combination of event
and listener
will result in the\nlistener
being added multiple times.\n\n
server.on('connection', function (stream) {\n console.log('someone connected!');\n});
\nReturns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "event" }, { "name": "listener" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.once(event, listener)", "type": "method", "name": "once", "desc": "Adds a one time listener for the event. This listener is\ninvoked only the next time the event is fired, after which\nit is removed.\n\n
\nserver.once('connection', function (stream) {\n console.log('Ah, we have our first user!');\n});
\nReturns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "event" }, { "name": "listener" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.removeListener(event, listener)", "type": "method", "name": "removeListener", "desc": "Remove a listener from the listener array for the specified event.\nCaution: changes array indices in the listener array behind the listener.\n\n
\nvar callback = function(stream) {\n console.log('someone connected!');\n};\nserver.on('connection', callback);\n// ...\nserver.removeListener('connection', callback);
\nremoveListener
will remove, at most, one instance of a listener from the\nlistener array. If any single listener has been added multiple times to the\nlistener array for the specified event
, then removeListener
must be called\nmultiple times to remove each instance.\n\n
Returns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "event" }, { "name": "listener" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.removeAllListeners([event])", "type": "method", "name": "removeAllListeners", "desc": "Removes all listeners, or those of the specified event. It's not a good idea to\nremove listeners that were added elsewhere in the code, especially when it's on\nan emitter that you didn't create (e.g. sockets or file streams).\n\n
\nReturns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "event", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.setMaxListeners(n)", "type": "method", "name": "setMaxListeners", "desc": "By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are\nadded for a particular event. This is a useful default which helps finding\nmemory leaks. Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function\nallows that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.\n\n
\nReturns emitter, so calls can be chained.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "n" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "emitter.getMaxListeners()", "type": "method", "name": "getMaxListeners", "desc": "Returns the current max listener value for the emitter which is either set by\nemitter.setMaxListeners(n)
or defaults to EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners
.\n\n
This can be useful to increment/decrement max listeners to avoid the warning\nwhile not being irresponsible and setting a too big number.\n\n
\nemitter.setMaxListeners(emitter.getMaxListeners() + 1);\nemitter.once('event', function () {\n // do stuff\n emitter.setMaxListeners(Math.max(emitter.getMaxListeners() - 1, 0));\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "emitter.listeners(event)",
"type": "method",
"name": "listeners",
"desc": "Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the specified event.\n\n
\nserver.on('connection', function (stream) {\n console.log('someone connected!');\n});\nconsole.log(util.inspect(server.listeners('connection'))); // [ [Function] ]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "event"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "emitter.emit(event[, arg1][, arg2][, ...])",
"type": "method",
"name": "emit",
"desc": "Execute each of the listeners in order with the supplied arguments.\n\n
\nReturns true
if event had listeners, false
otherwise.\n\n\n
Returns the number of listeners listening to the type
of event.\n\n
emitter.setMaxListeners(n)
sets the maximum on a per-instance basis.\nThis class property lets you set it for all EventEmitter
instances,\ncurrent and future, effective immediately. Use with care.\n\n
Note that emitter.setMaxListeners(n)
still has precedence over\nEventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners
.\n\n\n
Returns the number of listeners for a given event.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "emitter" }, { "name": "event" } ] } ] } ], "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'newListener'", "type": "event", "name": "newListener", "params": [], "desc": "This event is emitted before a listener is added. When this event is\ntriggered, the listener has not been added to the array of listeners for the\nevent
. Any listeners added to the event name
in the newListener event\ncallback will be added before the listener that is in the process of being\nadded.\n\n\n
This event is emitted after a listener is removed. When this event is\ntriggered, the listener has been removed from the array of listeners for the\nevent
.\n\n
Inheriting from EventEmitter
is no different from inheriting from any other\nconstructor function. For example:\n\n
'use strict';\nconst util = require('util');\nconst EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;\n\nfunction MyEventEmitter() {\n // Initialize necessary properties from `EventEmitter` in this instance\n EventEmitter.call(this);\n}\n\n// Inherit functions from `EventEmitter`'s prototype\nutil.inherits(MyEventEmitter, EventEmitter);
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Inheriting from 'EventEmitter'"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "File System",
"name": "fs",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "File I/O is provided by simple wrappers around standard POSIX functions. To\nuse this module do require('fs')
. All the methods have asynchronous and\nsynchronous forms.\n\n
The asynchronous form always takes a completion callback as its last argument.\nThe arguments passed to the completion callback depend on the method, but the\nfirst argument is always reserved for an exception. If the operation was\ncompleted successfully, then the first argument will be null
or undefined
.\n\n
When using the synchronous form any exceptions are immediately thrown.\nYou can use try/catch to handle exceptions or allow them to bubble up.\n\n
\nHere is an example of the asynchronous version:\n\n
\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nfs.unlink('/tmp/hello', function (err) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('successfully deleted /tmp/hello');\n});
\nHere is the synchronous version:\n\n
\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nfs.unlinkSync('/tmp/hello');\nconsole.log('successfully deleted /tmp/hello');
\nWith the asynchronous methods there is no guaranteed ordering. So the\nfollowing is prone to error:\n\n
\nfs.rename('/tmp/hello', '/tmp/world', function (err) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('renamed complete');\n});\nfs.stat('/tmp/world', function (err, stats) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('stats: ' + JSON.stringify(stats));\n});
\nIt could be that fs.stat
is executed before fs.rename
.\nThe correct way to do this is to chain the callbacks.\n\n
fs.rename('/tmp/hello', '/tmp/world', function (err) {\n if (err) throw err;\n fs.stat('/tmp/world', function (err, stats) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('stats: ' + JSON.stringify(stats));\n });\n});
\nIn busy processes, the programmer is strongly encouraged to use the\nasynchronous versions of these calls. The synchronous versions will block\nthe entire process until they complete--halting all connections.\n\n
\nThe relative path to a filename can be used. Remember, however, that this path\nwill be relative to process.cwd()
.\n\n
Most fs functions let you omit the callback argument. If you do, a default\ncallback is used that rethrows errors. To get a trace to the original call\nsite, set the NODE_DEBUG environment variable:\n\n
\n$ cat script.js\nfunction bad() {\n require('fs').readFile('/');\n}\nbad();\n\n$ env NODE_DEBUG=fs iojs script.js\nfs.js:66\n throw err;\n ^\nError: EISDIR, read\n at rethrow (fs.js:61:21)\n at maybeCallback (fs.js:79:42)\n at Object.fs.readFile (fs.js:153:18)\n at bad (/path/to/script.js:2:17)\n at Object.<anonymous> (/path/to/script.js:5:1)\n <etc.>
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "fs.rename(oldPath, newPath, callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "rename",
"desc": "Asynchronous rename(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "oldPath" }, { "name": "newPath" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.renameSync(oldPath, newPath)", "type": "method", "name": "renameSync", "desc": "Synchronous rename(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous ftruncate(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are\ngiven to the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "len" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.ftruncateSync(fd, len)", "type": "method", "name": "ftruncateSync", "desc": "Synchronous ftruncate(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous truncate(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are\ngiven to the completion callback. A file descriptor can also be passed as the\nfirst argument. In this case, fs.ftruncate()
is called.\n\n
Synchronous truncate(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous chown(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "uid" }, { "name": "gid" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.chownSync(path, uid, gid)", "type": "method", "name": "chownSync", "desc": "Synchronous chown(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous fchown(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "uid" }, { "name": "gid" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.fchownSync(fd, uid, gid)", "type": "method", "name": "fchownSync", "desc": "Synchronous fchown(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous lchown(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "uid" }, { "name": "gid" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.lchownSync(path, uid, gid)", "type": "method", "name": "lchownSync", "desc": "Synchronous lchown(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous chmod(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "mode" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.chmodSync(path, mode)", "type": "method", "name": "chmodSync", "desc": "Synchronous chmod(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous fchmod(2). No arguments other than a possible exception\nare given to the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "mode" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.fchmodSync(fd, mode)", "type": "method", "name": "fchmodSync", "desc": "Synchronous fchmod(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous lchmod(2). No arguments other than a possible exception\nare given to the completion callback.\n\n
\nOnly available on Mac OS X.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "mode" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.lchmodSync(path, mode)", "type": "method", "name": "lchmodSync", "desc": "Synchronous lchmod(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous stat(2). The callback gets two arguments (err, stats)
where\nstats
is a fs.Stats object. See the fs.Stats\nsection below for more information.\n\n
Asynchronous lstat(2). The callback gets two arguments (err, stats)
where\nstats
is a fs.Stats
object. lstat()
is identical to stat()
, except that if\npath
is a symbolic link, then the link itself is stat-ed, not the file that it\nrefers to.\n\n
Asynchronous fstat(2). The callback gets two arguments (err, stats)
where\nstats
is a fs.Stats
object. fstat()
is identical to stat()
, except that\nthe file to be stat-ed is specified by the file descriptor fd
.\n\n
Synchronous stat(2). Returns an instance of fs.Stats
.\n\n
Synchronous lstat(2). Returns an instance of fs.Stats
.\n\n
Synchronous fstat(2). Returns an instance of fs.Stats
.\n\n
Asynchronous link(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given to\nthe completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "srcpath" }, { "name": "dstpath" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.linkSync(srcpath, dstpath)", "type": "method", "name": "linkSync", "desc": "Synchronous link(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous symlink(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\nThe type
argument can be set to 'dir'
, 'file'
, or 'junction'
(default\nis 'file'
) and is only available on Windows (ignored on other platforms).\nNote that Windows junction points require the destination path to be absolute. When using\n'junction'
, the destination
argument will automatically be normalized to absolute path.\n\n
Synchronous symlink(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous readlink(2). The callback gets two arguments (err,\nlinkString)
.\n\n
Synchronous readlink(2). Returns the symbolic link's string value.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.realpath(path[, cache], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "realpath", "desc": "Asynchronous realpath(2). The callback
gets two arguments (err,\nresolvedPath)
. May use process.cwd
to resolve relative paths. cache
is an\nobject literal of mapped paths that can be used to force a specific path\nresolution or avoid additional fs.stat
calls for known real paths.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar cache = {'/etc':'/private/etc'};\nfs.realpath('/etc/passwd', cache, function (err, resolvedPath) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log(resolvedPath);\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "path"
},
{
"name": "cache",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.realpathSync(path[, cache])",
"type": "method",
"name": "realpathSync",
"desc": "Synchronous realpath(2). Returns the resolved path.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "cache", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.unlink(path, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "unlink", "desc": "Asynchronous unlink(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.unlinkSync(path)", "type": "method", "name": "unlinkSync", "desc": "Synchronous unlink(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous rmdir(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.rmdirSync(path)", "type": "method", "name": "rmdirSync", "desc": "Synchronous rmdir(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous mkdir(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback. mode
defaults to 0o777
.\n\n
Synchronous mkdir(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous readdir(3). Reads the contents of a directory.\nThe callback gets two arguments (err, files)
where files
is an array of\nthe names of the files in the directory excluding '.'
and '..'
.\n\n
Synchronous readdir(3). Returns an array of filenames excluding '.'
and\n'..'
.\n\n
Asynchronous close(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.closeSync(fd)", "type": "method", "name": "closeSync", "desc": "Synchronous close(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous file open. See open(2). flags
can be:\n\n
'r'
- Open file for reading.\nAn exception occurs if the file does not exist.
'r+'
- Open file for reading and writing.\nAn exception occurs if the file does not exist.
'rs'
- Open file for reading in synchronous mode. Instructs the operating\nsystem to bypass the local file system cache.
This is primarily useful for opening files on NFS mounts as it allows you to\nskip the potentially stale local cache. It has a very real impact on I/O\nperformance so don't use this flag unless you need it.
\nNote that this doesn't turn fs.open()
into a synchronous blocking call.\nIf that's what you want then you should be using fs.openSync()
'rs+'
- Open file for reading and writing, telling the OS to open it\nsynchronously. See notes for 'rs'
about using this with caution.
'w'
- Open file for writing.\nThe file is created (if it does not exist) or truncated (if it exists).
'wx'
- Like 'w'
but fails if path
exists.
'w+'
- Open file for reading and writing.\nThe file is created (if it does not exist) or truncated (if it exists).
'wx+'
- Like 'w+'
but fails if path
exists.
'a'
- Open file for appending.\nThe file is created if it does not exist.
'ax'
- Like 'a'
but fails if path
exists.
'a+'
- Open file for reading and appending.\nThe file is created if it does not exist.
'ax+'
- Like 'a+'
but fails if path
exists.
mode
sets the file mode (permission and sticky bits), but only if the file was\ncreated. It defaults to 0666
, readable and writeable.\n\n
The callback gets two arguments (err, fd)
.\n\n
The exclusive flag 'x'
(O_EXCL
flag in open(2)) ensures that path
is newly\ncreated. On POSIX systems, path
is considered to exist even if it is a symlink\nto a non-existent file. The exclusive flag may or may not work with network file\nsystems.\n\n
On Linux, positional writes don't work when the file is opened in append mode.\nThe kernel ignores the position argument and always appends the data to\nthe end of the file.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "flags" }, { "name": "mode", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.openSync(path, flags[, mode])", "type": "method", "name": "openSync", "desc": "Synchronous version of fs.open()
. Returns an integer representing the file\ndescriptor.\n\n
Change file timestamps of the file referenced by the supplied path.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "atime" }, { "name": "mtime" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.utimesSync(path, atime, mtime)", "type": "method", "name": "utimesSync", "desc": "Synchronous version of fs.utimes()
. Returns undefined
.\n\n\n
Change the file timestamps of a file referenced by the supplied file\ndescriptor.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "atime" }, { "name": "mtime" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.futimesSync(fd, atime, mtime)", "type": "method", "name": "futimesSync", "desc": "Synchronous version of fs.futimes()
. Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronous fsync(2). No arguments other than a possible exception are given\nto the completion callback.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.fsyncSync(fd)", "type": "method", "name": "fsyncSync", "desc": "Synchronous fsync(2). Returns undefined
.\n\n
Write buffer
to the file specified by fd
.\n\n
offset
and length
determine the part of the buffer to be written.\n\n
position
refers to the offset from the beginning of the file where this data\nshould be written. If typeof position !== 'number'
, the data will be written\nat the current position. See pwrite(2).\n\n
The callback will be given three arguments (err, written, buffer)
where\nwritten
specifies how many bytes were written from buffer
.\n\n
Note that it is unsafe to use fs.write
multiple times on the same file\nwithout waiting for the callback. For this scenario,\nfs.createWriteStream
is strongly recommended.\n\n
On Linux, positional writes don't work when the file is opened in append mode.\nThe kernel ignores the position argument and always appends the data to\nthe end of the file.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "buffer" }, { "name": "offset" }, { "name": "length" }, { "name": "position", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.write(fd, data[, position[, encoding]], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "write", "desc": "Write data
to the file specified by fd
. If data
is not a Buffer instance\nthen the value will be coerced to a string.\n\n
position
refers to the offset from the beginning of the file where this data\nshould be written. If typeof position !== 'number'
the data will be written at\nthe current position. See pwrite(2).\n\n
encoding
is the expected string encoding.\n\n
The callback will receive the arguments (err, written, string)
where written
\nspecifies how many bytes the passed string required to be written. Note that\nbytes written is not the same as string characters. See\nBuffer.byteLength.\n\n
Unlike when writing buffer
, the entire string must be written. No substring\nmay be specified. This is because the byte offset of the resulting data may not\nbe the same as the string offset.\n\n
Note that it is unsafe to use fs.write
multiple times on the same file\nwithout waiting for the callback. For this scenario,\nfs.createWriteStream
is strongly recommended.\n\n
On Linux, positional writes don't work when the file is opened in append mode.\nThe kernel ignores the position argument and always appends the data to\nthe end of the file.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "fd" }, { "name": "data" }, { "name": "position" }, { "name": "encoding]", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "fs.writeSync(fd, buffer, offset, length[, position])", "type": "method", "name": "writeSync", "desc": "Synchronous versions of fs.write()
. Returns the number of bytes written.\n\n
Synchronous versions of fs.write()
. Returns the number of bytes written.\n\n
Read data from the file specified by fd
.\n\n
buffer
is the buffer that the data will be written to.\n\n
offset
is the offset in the buffer to start writing at.\n\n
length
is an integer specifying the number of bytes to read.\n\n
position
is an integer specifying where to begin reading from in the file.\nIf position
is null
, data will be read from the current file position.\n\n
The callback is given the three arguments, (err, bytesRead, buffer)
.\n\n
Synchronous version of fs.read
. Returns the number of bytesRead
.\n\n
Asynchronously reads the entire contents of a file. Example:\n\n
\nfs.readFile('/etc/passwd', function (err, data) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log(data);\n});
\nThe callback is passed two arguments (err, data)
, where data
is the\ncontents of the file.\n\n
If no encoding is specified, then the raw buffer is returned.\n\n
\nIf options
is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:\n\n
fs.readFile('/etc/passwd', 'utf8', callback);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.readFileSync(filename[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "readFileSync",
"desc": "Synchronous version of fs.readFile
. Returns the contents of the filename
.\n\n
If the encoding
option is specified then this function returns a\nstring. Otherwise it returns a buffer.\n\n\n
Asynchronously writes data to a file, replacing the file if it already exists.\ndata
can be a string or a buffer.\n\n
The encoding
option is ignored if data
is a buffer. It defaults\nto 'utf8'
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nfs.writeFile('message.txt', 'Hello io.js', function (err) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('It\\'s saved!');\n});
\nIf options
is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:\n\n
fs.writeFile('message.txt', 'Hello io.js', 'utf8', callback);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.writeFileSync(filename, data[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "writeFileSync",
"desc": "The synchronous version of fs.writeFile
. Returns undefined
.\n\n
Asynchronously append data to a file, creating the file if it does not yet exist.\ndata
can be a string or a buffer.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nfs.appendFile('message.txt', 'data to append', function (err) {\n if (err) throw err;\n console.log('The "data to append" was appended to file!');\n});
\nIf options
is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:\n\n
fs.appendFile('message.txt', 'data to append', 'utf8', callback);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.appendFileSync(filename, data[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "appendFileSync",
"desc": "The synchronous version of fs.appendFile
. Returns undefined
.\n\n
Watch for changes on filename
. The callback listener
will be called each\ntime the file is accessed.\n\n
The options
argument may be omitted. If provided, it should be an object. The\noptions
object may contain a boolean named persistent
that indicates\nwhether the process should continue to run as long as files are being watched.\nThe options
object may specify an interval
property indicating how often the\ntarget should be polled in milliseconds. The default is\n{ persistent: true, interval: 5007 }
.\n\n
The listener
gets two arguments the current stat object and the previous\nstat object:\n\n
fs.watchFile('message.text', function (curr, prev) {\n console.log('the current mtime is: ' + curr.mtime);\n console.log('the previous mtime was: ' + prev.mtime);\n});
\nThese stat objects are instances of fs.Stat
.\n\n
If you want to be notified when the file was modified, not just accessed,\nyou need to compare curr.mtime
and prev.mtime
.\n\n
Note: when an fs.watchFile
operation results in an ENOENT
error, it will\n invoke the listener once, with all the fields zeroed (or, for dates, the Unix\n Epoch). In Windows, blksize
and blocks
fields will be undefined
, instead\n of zero. If the file is created later on, the listener will be called again,\n with the latest stat objects. This is a change in functionality since v0.10.\n\n
Note: fs.watch
is more efficient than fs.watchFile
and fs.unwatchFile
.\nfs.watch
should be used instead of fs.watchFile
and fs.unwatchFile
\nwhen possible.\n\n
Stop watching for changes on filename
. If listener
is specified, only that\nparticular listener is removed. Otherwise, all listeners are removed and you\nhave effectively stopped watching filename
.\n\n
Calling fs.unwatchFile()
with a filename that is not being watched is a\nno-op, not an error.\n\n
Note: fs.watch
is more efficient than fs.watchFile
and fs.unwatchFile
.\nfs.watch
should be used instead of fs.watchFile
and fs.unwatchFile
\nwhen possible.\n\n
Watch for changes on filename
, where filename
is either a file or a\ndirectory. The returned object is a fs.FSWatcher.\n\n
The second argument is optional. The options
if provided should be an object.\nThe supported boolean members are persistent
and recursive
. persistent
\nindicates whether the process should continue to run as long as files are being\nwatched. recursive
indicates whether all subdirectories should be watched, or\nonly the current directory. This applies when a directory is specified, and only\non supported platforms (See Caveats below).\n\n
The default is { persistent: true, recursive: false }
.\n\n
The listener callback gets two arguments (event, filename)
. event
is either\n'rename' or 'change', and filename
is the name of the file which triggered\nthe event.\n\n
The fs.watch
API is not 100% consistent across platforms, and is\nunavailable in some situations.\n\n
The recursive option is currently supported on OS X. Only FSEvents supports this\ntype of file watching so it is unlikely any additional platforms will be added\nsoon.\n\n
\n", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Availability", "name": "Availability", "type": "misc", "desc": "This feature depends on the underlying operating system providing a way\nto be notified of filesystem changes.\n\n
\ninotify
.kqueue
.kqueue
for files and 'FSEvents' for directories.event ports
.ReadDirectoryChangesW
.If the underlying functionality is not available for some reason, then\nfs.watch
will not be able to function. For example, watching files or\ndirectories on network file systems (NFS, SMB, etc.) often doesn't work\nreliably or at all.\n\n
You can still use fs.watchFile
, which uses stat polling, but it is slower and\nless reliable.\n\n
Providing filename
argument in the callback is not supported\non every platform (currently it's only supported on Linux and Windows). Even\non supported platforms filename
is not always guaranteed to be provided.\nTherefore, don't assume that filename
argument is always provided in the\ncallback, and have some fallback logic if it is null.\n\n
fs.watch('somedir', function (event, filename) {\n console.log('event is: ' + event);\n if (filename) {\n console.log('filename provided: ' + filename);\n } else {\n console.log('filename not provided');\n }\n});
\n"
}
]
}
],
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "filename"
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "listener",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.exists(path, callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "exists",
"stability": 0,
"stabilityText": "Deprecated: Use [fs.stat][] or [fs.access][] instead.",
"desc": "Test whether or not the given path exists by checking with the file system.\nThen call the callback
argument with either true or false. Example:\n\n
fs.exists('/etc/passwd', function (exists) {\n console.log(exists ? "it's there" : 'no passwd!');\n});
\nfs.exists()
should not be used to check if a file exists before calling\nfs.open()
. Doing so introduces a race condition since other processes may\nchange the file's state between the two calls. Instead, user code should\ncall fs.open()
directly and handle the error raised if the file is\nnon-existent.\n\n
Synchronous version of fs.exists
.\nReturns true
if the file exists, false
otherwise.\n\n
Stability: 0 - Deprecated: Use [fs.statSync][] or [fs.accessSync][] instead.
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "path"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.access(path[, mode], callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "access",
"desc": "Tests a user's permissions for the file specified by path
. mode
is an\noptional integer that specifies the accessibility checks to be performed. The\nfollowing constants define the possible values of mode
. It is possible to\ncreate a mask consisting of the bitwise OR of two or more values.\n\n
fs.F_OK
- File is visible to the calling process. This is useful for\ndetermining if a file exists, but says nothing about rwx
permissions.\nDefault if no mode
is specified.fs.R_OK
- File can be read by the calling process.fs.W_OK
- File can be written by the calling process.fs.X_OK
- File can be executed by the calling process. This has no effect\non Windows (will behave like fs.F_OK
).The final argument, callback
, is a callback function that is invoked with\na possible error argument. If any of the accessibility checks fail, the error\nargument will be populated. The following example checks if the file\n/etc/passwd
can be read and written by the current process.\n\n
fs.access('/etc/passwd', fs.R_OK | fs.W_OK, function (err) {\n console.log(err ? 'no access!' : 'can read/write');\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "path"
},
{
"name": "mode",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "fs.accessSync(path[, mode])",
"type": "method",
"name": "accessSync",
"desc": "Synchronous version of fs.access
. This throws if any accessibility checks\nfail, and does nothing otherwise.\n\n
Returns a new ReadStream object (See Readable Stream
).\n\n
Be aware that, unlike the default value set for highWaterMark
on a\nreadable stream (16 kb), the stream returned by this method has a\ndefault value of 64 kb for the same parameter.\n\n
options
is an object or string with the following defaults:\n\n
{ flags: 'r',\n encoding: null,\n fd: null,\n mode: 0o666,\n autoClose: true\n}
\noptions
can include start
and end
values to read a range of bytes from\nthe file instead of the entire file. Both start
and end
are inclusive and\nstart at 0. The encoding
can be 'utf8'
, 'ascii'
, or 'base64'
.\n\n
If fd
is specified, ReadStream
will ignore the path
argument and will use\nthe specified file descriptor. This means that no open
event will be emitted.\n\n
If autoClose
is false, then the file descriptor won't be closed, even if\nthere's an error. It is your responsibility to close it and make sure\nthere's no file descriptor leak. If autoClose
is set to true (default\nbehavior), on error
or end
the file descriptor will be closed\nautomatically.\n\n
mode
sets the file mode (permission and sticky bits), but only if the\nfile was created.\n\n
An example to read the last 10 bytes of a file which is 100 bytes long:\n\n
\nfs.createReadStream('sample.txt', {start: 90, end: 99});
\nIf options
is a string, then it specifies the encoding.\n\n
Returns a new WriteStream object (See Writable Stream
).\n\n
options
is an object or string with the following defaults:\n\n
{ flags: 'w',\n defaultEncoding: 'utf8',\n fd: null,\n mode: 0o666 }
\noptions
may also include a start
option to allow writing data at\nsome position past the beginning of the file. Modifying a file rather\nthan replacing it may require a flags
mode of r+
rather than the\ndefault mode w
. The defaultEncoding
can be 'utf8'
, 'ascii'
, binary
,\nor 'base64'
.\n\n
Like ReadStream
above, if fd
is specified, WriteStream
will ignore the\npath
argument and will use the specified file descriptor. This means that no\nopen
event will be emitted.\n\n
If options
is a string, then it specifies the encoding.\n\n
Objects returned from fs.stat()
, fs.lstat()
and fs.fstat()
and their\nsynchronous counterparts are of this type.\n\n
stats.isFile()
stats.isDirectory()
stats.isBlockDevice()
stats.isCharacterDevice()
stats.isSymbolicLink()
(only valid with fs.lstat()
)stats.isFIFO()
stats.isSocket()
For a regular file util.inspect(stats)
would return a string very\nsimilar to this:\n\n
{ dev: 2114,\n ino: 48064969,\n mode: 33188,\n nlink: 1,\n uid: 85,\n gid: 100,\n rdev: 0,\n size: 527,\n blksize: 4096,\n blocks: 8,\n atime: Mon, 10 Oct 2011 23:24:11 GMT,\n mtime: Mon, 10 Oct 2011 23:24:11 GMT,\n ctime: Mon, 10 Oct 2011 23:24:11 GMT,\n birthtime: Mon, 10 Oct 2011 23:24:11 GMT }
\nPlease note that atime
, mtime
, birthtime
, and ctime
are\ninstances of [Date][MDN-Date] object and to compare the values of\nthese objects you should use appropriate methods. For most general\nuses [getTime()][MDN-Date-getTime] will return the number of\nmilliseconds elapsed since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC and this\ninteger should be sufficient for any comparison, however there are\nadditional methods which can be used for displaying fuzzy information.\nMore details can be found in the [MDN JavaScript Reference][MDN-Date]\npage.\n\n
The times in the stat object have the following semantics:\n\n
\natime
"Access Time" - Time when file data last accessed. Changed\nby the mknod(2)
, utimes(2)
, and read(2)
system calls.mtime
"Modified Time" - Time when file data last modified.\nChanged by the mknod(2)
, utimes(2)
, and write(2)
system calls.ctime
"Change Time" - Time when file status was last changed\n(inode data modification). Changed by the chmod(2)
, chown(2)
,\nlink(2)
, mknod(2)
, rename(2)
, unlink(2)
, utimes(2)
,\nread(2)
, and write(2)
system calls.birthtime
"Birth Time" - Time of file creation. Set once when the\nfile is created. On filesystems where birthtime is not available,\nthis field may instead hold either the ctime
or\n1970-01-01T00:00Z
(ie, unix epoch timestamp 0
). On Darwin and\nother FreeBSD variants, also set if the atime
is explicitly set to\nan earlier value than the current birthtime
using the utimes(2)
\nsystem call.Prior to io.js v1.0 and Node v0.12, the ctime
held the birthtime
on Windows\nsystems. Note that as of v0.12, ctime
is not "creation time", and\non Unix systems, it never was.\n\n
ReadStream
is a Readable Stream.\n\n
Emitted when the ReadStream's file is opened.\n\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: fs.WriteStream", "type": "class", "name": "fs.WriteStream", "desc": "WriteStream
is a Writable Stream.\n\n
Emitted when the WriteStream's file is opened.\n\n
\n" } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "file.bytesWritten", "name": "bytesWritten", "desc": "The number of bytes written so far. Does not include data that is still queued\nfor writing.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: fs.FSWatcher", "type": "class", "name": "fs.FSWatcher", "desc": "Objects returned from fs.watch()
are of this type.\n\n
Stop watching for changes on the given fs.FSWatcher
.\n\n
Emitted when something changes in a watched directory or file.\nSee more details in fs.watch.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'error'", "type": "event", "name": "error", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted when an error occurs.\n\n\n
\n" } ] } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "fs" }, { "textRaw": "HTTP", "name": "http", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "desc": "To use the HTTP server and client one must require('http')
.\n\n
The HTTP interfaces in io.js are designed to support many features\nof the protocol which have been traditionally difficult to use.\nIn particular, large, possibly chunk-encoded, messages. The interface is\ncareful to never buffer entire requests or responses--the\nuser is able to stream data.\n\n
\nHTTP message headers are represented by an object like this:\n\n
\n{ 'content-length': '123',\n 'content-type': 'text/plain',\n 'connection': 'keep-alive',\n 'host': 'mysite.com',\n 'accept': '*/*' }
\nKeys are lowercased. Values are not modified.\n\n
\nIn order to support the full spectrum of possible HTTP applications, io.js's\nHTTP API is very low-level. It deals with stream handling and message\nparsing only. It parses a message into headers and body but it does not\nparse the actual headers or the body.\n\n
\nDefined headers that allow multiple values are concatenated with a ,
\ncharacter, except for the set-cookie
and cookie
headers which are\nrepresented as an array of values. Headers such as content-length
\nwhich can only have a single value are parsed accordingly, and only a\nsingle value is represented on the parsed object.\n\n
The raw headers as they were received are retained in the rawHeaders
\nproperty, which is an array of [key, value, key2, value2, ...]
. For\nexample, the previous message header object might have a rawHeaders
\nlist like the following:\n\n
[ 'ConTent-Length', '123456',\n 'content-LENGTH', '123',\n 'content-type', 'text/plain',\n 'CONNECTION', 'keep-alive',\n 'Host', 'mysite.com',\n 'accepT', '*/*' ]
\n",
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "`METHODS` {Array} ",
"name": "METHODS",
"desc": "A list of the HTTP methods that are supported by the parser.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`STATUS_CODES` {Object} ", "name": "STATUS_CODES", "desc": "A collection of all the standard HTTP response status codes, and the\nshort description of each. For example, http.STATUS_CODES[404] === 'Not\nFound'
.\n\n
Global instance of Agent which is used as the default for all http client\nrequests.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "http.IncomingMessage", "name": "IncomingMessage", "desc": "An IncomingMessage
object is created by [http.Server][] or\n[http.ClientRequest][] and passed as the first argument to the 'request'
\nand 'response'
event respectively. It may be used to access response status,\nheaders and data.\n\n
It implements the [Readable Stream][] interface, as well as the\nfollowing additional events, methods, and properties.\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'close'", "type": "event", "name": "close", "desc": "function () { }
\n\n
Indicates that the underlying connection was closed.\nJust like 'end'
, this event occurs only once per response.\n\n
In case of server request, the HTTP version sent by the client. In the case of\nclient response, the HTTP version of the connected-to server.\nProbably either '1.1'
or '1.0'
.\n\n
Also response.httpVersionMajor
is the first integer and\nresponse.httpVersionMinor
is the second.\n\n
The request/response headers object.\n\n
\nRead only map of header names and values. Header names are lower-cased.\nExample:\n\n
\n// Prints something like:\n//\n// { 'user-agent': 'curl/7.22.0',\n// host: '127.0.0.1:8000',\n// accept: '*/*' }\nconsole.log(request.headers);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "message.rawHeaders",
"name": "rawHeaders",
"desc": "The raw request/response headers list exactly as they were received.\n\n
\nNote that the keys and values are in the same list. It is not a\nlist of tuples. So, the even-numbered offsets are key values, and the\nodd-numbered offsets are the associated values.\n\n
\nHeader names are not lowercased, and duplicates are not merged.\n\n
\n// Prints something like:\n//\n// [ 'user-agent',\n// 'this is invalid because there can be only one',\n// 'User-Agent',\n// 'curl/7.22.0',\n// 'Host',\n// '127.0.0.1:8000',\n// 'ACCEPT',\n// '*/*' ]\nconsole.log(request.rawHeaders);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "message.trailers",
"name": "trailers",
"desc": "The request/response trailers object. Only populated at the 'end' event.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "message.rawTrailers", "name": "rawTrailers", "desc": "The raw request/response trailer keys and values exactly as they were\nreceived. Only populated at the 'end' event.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "message.method", "name": "method", "desc": "Only valid for request obtained from [http.Server][].\n\n
\nThe request method as a string. Read only. Example:\n'GET'
, 'DELETE'
.\n\n
Only valid for request obtained from [http.Server][].\n\n
\nRequest URL string. This contains only the URL that is\npresent in the actual HTTP request. If the request is:\n\n
\nGET /status?name=ryan HTTP/1.1\\r\\n\nAccept: text/plain\\r\\n\n\\r\\n
\nThen request.url
will be:\n\n
'/status?name=ryan'
\nIf you would like to parse the URL into its parts, you can use\nrequire('url').parse(request.url)
. Example:\n\n
iojs> require('url').parse('/status?name=ryan')\n{ href: '/status?name=ryan',\n search: '?name=ryan',\n query: 'name=ryan',\n pathname: '/status' }
\nIf you would like to extract the params from the query string,\nyou can use the require('querystring').parse
function, or pass\ntrue
as the second argument to require('url').parse
. Example:\n\n
iojs> require('url').parse('/status?name=ryan', true)\n{ href: '/status?name=ryan',\n search: '?name=ryan',\n query: { name: 'ryan' },\n pathname: '/status' }
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "message.statusCode",
"name": "statusCode",
"desc": "Only valid for response obtained from http.ClientRequest
.\n\n
The 3-digit HTTP response status code. E.G. 404
.\n\n
Only valid for response obtained from http.ClientRequest
.\n\n
The HTTP response status message (reason phrase). E.G. OK
or Internal Server Error
.\n\n
The net.Socket
object associated with the connection.\n\n
With HTTPS support, use [request.socket.getPeerCertificate()][] to obtain the\nclient's authentication details.\n\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "message.setTimeout(msecs, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "setTimeout", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`msecs` {Number} ", "name": "msecs", "type": "Number" }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "msecs" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "Calls message.connection.setTimeout(msecs, callback)
.\n\n
Returns message
.\n\n
Returns a new instance of http.Server.\n\n
\nThe requestListener
is a function which is automatically\nadded to the 'request'
event.\n\n
Constructs a new HTTP client. port
and host
refer to the server to be\nconnected to.\n\n
io.js maintains several connections per server to make HTTP requests.\nThis function allows one to transparently issue requests.\n\n
\noptions
can be an object or a string. If options
is a string, it is\nautomatically parsed with [url.parse()][].\n\n
Options:\n\n
\nprotocol
: Protocol to use. Defaults to 'http'
.host
: A domain name or IP address of the server to issue the request to.\nDefaults to 'localhost'
.hostname
: Alias for host
. To support url.parse()
hostname
is\npreferred over host
.family
: IP address family to use when resolving host
and hostname
.\nValid values are 4
or 6
. When unspecified, both IP v4 and v6 will be\nused.port
: Port of remote server. Defaults to 80.localAddress
: Local interface to bind for network connections.socketPath
: Unix Domain Socket (use one of host:port or socketPath).method
: A string specifying the HTTP request method. Defaults to 'GET'
.path
: Request path. Defaults to '/'
. Should include query string if any.\nE.G. '/index.html?page=12'
. An exception is thrown when the request path\ncontains illegal characters. Currently, only spaces are rejected but that\nmay change in the future.headers
: An object containing request headers.auth
: Basic authentication i.e. 'user:password'
to compute an\nAuthorization header.agent
: Controls [Agent][] behavior. When an Agent is used request will\ndefault to Connection: keep-alive
. Possible values:undefined
(default): use [globalAgent][] for this host and port.Agent
object: explicitly use the passed in Agent
.false
: opts out of connection pooling with an Agent, defaults request to\nConnection: close
.The optional callback
parameter will be added as a one time listener for\nthe ['response'][] event.\n\n
http.request()
returns an instance of the [http.ClientRequest][]\nclass. The ClientRequest
instance is a writable stream. If one needs to\nupload a file with a POST request, then write to the ClientRequest
object.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar postData = querystring.stringify({\n 'msg' : 'Hello World!'\n});\n\nvar options = {\n hostname: 'www.google.com',\n port: 80,\n path: '/upload',\n method: 'POST',\n headers: {\n 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',\n 'Content-Length': postData.length\n }\n};\n\nvar req = http.request(options, function(res) {\n console.log('STATUS: ' + res.statusCode);\n console.log('HEADERS: ' + JSON.stringify(res.headers));\n res.setEncoding('utf8');\n res.on('data', function (chunk) {\n console.log('BODY: ' + chunk);\n });\n res.on('end', function() {\n console.log('No more data in response.')\n })\n});\n\nreq.on('error', function(e) {\n console.log('problem with request: ' + e.message);\n});\n\n// write data to request body\nreq.write(postData);\nreq.end();
\nNote that in the example req.end()
was called. With http.request()
one\nmust always call req.end()
to signify that you're done with the request -\neven if there is no data being written to the request body.\n\n
If any error is encountered during the request (be that with DNS resolution,\nTCP level errors, or actual HTTP parse errors) an 'error'
event is emitted\non the returned request object.\n\n
There are a few special headers that should be noted.\n\n
\nSending a 'Connection: keep-alive' will notify io.js that the connection to\nthe server should be persisted until the next request.
\nSending a 'Content-length' header will disable the default chunked encoding.
\nSending an 'Expect' header will immediately send the request headers.\nUsually, when sending 'Expect: 100-continue', you should both set a timeout\nand listen for the continue
event. See RFC2616 Section 8.2.3 for more\ninformation.
Sending an Authorization header will override using the auth
option\nto compute basic authentication.
Since most requests are GET requests without bodies, io.js provides this\nconvenience method. The only difference between this method and http.request()
\nis that it sets the method to GET and calls req.end()
automatically.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nhttp.get("http://www.google.com/index.html", function(res) {\n console.log("Got response: " + res.statusCode);\n}).on('error', function(e) {\n console.log("Got error: " + e.message);\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
}
],
"classes": [
{
"textRaw": "Class: http.Server",
"type": "class",
"name": "http.Server",
"desc": "This is an [EventEmitter][] with the following events:\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'request'", "type": "event", "name": "request", "desc": "function (request, response) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time there is a request. Note that there may be multiple requests\nper connection (in the case of keep-alive connections).\n request
is an instance of [http.IncomingMessage][] and response
is\nan instance of [http.ServerResponse][].\n\n
function (socket) { }
\n\n
When a new TCP stream is established. socket
is an object of type\nnet.Socket
. Usually users will not want to access this event. In\nparticular, the socket will not emit readable
events because of how\nthe protocol parser attaches to the socket. The socket
can also be\naccessed at request.connection
.\n\n
function () { }
\n\n
Emitted when the server closes.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'checkContinue'", "type": "event", "name": "checkContinue", "desc": "function (request, response) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time a request with an http Expect: 100-continue is received.\nIf this event isn't listened for, the server will automatically respond\nwith a 100 Continue as appropriate.\n\n
\nHandling this event involves calling [response.writeContinue()][] if the client\nshould continue to send the request body, or generating an appropriate HTTP\nresponse (e.g., 400 Bad Request) if the client should not continue to send the\nrequest body.\n\n
\nNote that when this event is emitted and handled, the request
event will\nnot be emitted.\n\n
function (request, socket, head) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time a client requests a http CONNECT method. If this event isn't\nlistened for, then clients requesting a CONNECT method will have their\nconnections closed.\n\n
\nrequest
is the arguments for the http request, as it is in the request\nevent.socket
is the network socket between the server and client.head
is an instance of Buffer, the first packet of the tunneling stream,\nthis may be empty.After this event is emitted, the request's socket will not have a data
\nevent listener, meaning you will need to bind to it in order to handle data\nsent to the server on that socket.\n\n
function (request, socket, head) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time a client requests a http upgrade. If this event isn't\nlistened for, then clients requesting an upgrade will have their connections\nclosed.\n\n
\nrequest
is the arguments for the http request, as it is in the request\nevent.socket
is the network socket between the server and client.head
is an instance of Buffer, the first packet of the upgraded stream,\nthis may be empty.After this event is emitted, the request's socket will not have a data
\nevent listener, meaning you will need to bind to it in order to handle data\nsent to the server on that socket.\n\n
function (exception, socket) { }
\n\n
If a client connection emits an 'error' event, it will be forwarded here.\n\n
\nsocket
is the net.Socket
object that the error originated from.\n\n\n
Begin accepting connections on the specified port
and hostname
. If the\nhostname
is omitted, the server will accept connections on any IPv6 address\n(::
) when IPv6 is available, or any IPv4 address (0.0.0.0
) otherwise. A\nport value of zero will assign a random port.\n\n
To listen to a unix socket, supply a filename instead of port and hostname.\n\n
\nBacklog is the maximum length of the queue of pending connections.\nThe actual length will be determined by your OS through sysctl settings such as\ntcp_max_syn_backlog
and somaxconn
on linux. The default value of this\nparameter is 511 (not 512).\n\n
This function is asynchronous. The last parameter callback
will be added as\na listener for the ['listening'][] event. See also [net.Server.listen(port)][].\n\n\n
Start a UNIX socket server listening for connections on the given path
.\n\n
This function is asynchronous. The last parameter callback
will be added as\na listener for the ['listening'][] event. See also [net.Server.listen(path)][].\n\n\n
The handle
object can be set to either a server or socket (anything\nwith an underlying _handle
member), or a {fd: <n>}
object.\n\n
This will cause the server to accept connections on the specified\nhandle, but it is presumed that the file descriptor or handle has\nalready been bound to a port or domain socket.\n\n
\nListening on a file descriptor is not supported on Windows.\n\n
\nThis function is asynchronous. The last parameter callback
will be added as\na listener for the 'listening' event.\nSee also net.Server.listen().\n\n
Stops the server from accepting new connections. See [net.Server.close()][].\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "server.setTimeout(msecs, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "setTimeout", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`msecs` {Number} ", "name": "msecs", "type": "Number" }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "msecs" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "Sets the timeout value for sockets, and emits a 'timeout'
event on\nthe Server object, passing the socket as an argument, if a timeout\noccurs.\n\n
If there is a 'timeout'
event listener on the Server object, then it\nwill be called with the timed-out socket as an argument.\n\n
By default, the Server's timeout value is 2 minutes, and sockets are\ndestroyed automatically if they time out. However, if you assign a\ncallback to the Server's 'timeout'
event, then you are responsible\nfor handling socket timeouts.\n\n
Returns server
.\n\n
Limits maximum incoming headers count, equal to 1000 by default. If set to 0 -\nno limit will be applied.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`timeout` {Number} Default = 120000 (2 minutes) ", "name": "timeout", "desc": "The number of milliseconds of inactivity before a socket is presumed\nto have timed out.\n\n
\nNote that the socket timeout logic is set up on connection, so\nchanging this value only affects new connections to the server, not\nany existing connections.\n\n
\nSet to 0 to disable any kind of automatic timeout behavior on incoming\nconnections.\n\n
\n", "shortDesc": "Default = 120000 (2 minutes)" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: http.ServerResponse", "type": "class", "name": "http.ServerResponse", "desc": "This object is created internally by a HTTP server--not by the user. It is\npassed as the second parameter to the 'request'
event.\n\n
The response implements the [Writable Stream][] interface. This is an\n[EventEmitter][] with the following events:\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'close'", "type": "event", "name": "close", "desc": "function () { }
\n\n
Indicates that the underlying connection was terminated before\n[response.end()][] was called or able to flush.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'finish'", "type": "event", "name": "finish", "desc": "function () { }
\n\n
Emitted when the response has been sent. More specifically, this event is\nemitted when the last segment of the response headers and body have been\nhanded off to the operating system for transmission over the network. It\ndoes not imply that the client has received anything yet.\n\n
\nAfter this event, no more events will be emitted on the response object.\n\n
\n", "params": [] } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "response.writeContinue()", "type": "method", "name": "writeContinue", "desc": "Sends a HTTP/1.1 100 Continue message to the client, indicating that\nthe request body should be sent. See the ['checkContinue'][] event on Server
.\n\n
Sends a response header to the request. The status code is a 3-digit HTTP\nstatus code, like 404
. The last argument, headers
, are the response headers.\nOptionally one can give a human-readable statusMessage
as the second\nargument.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar body = 'hello world';\nresponse.writeHead(200, {\n 'Content-Length': body.length,\n 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
\nThis method must only be called once on a message and it must\nbe called before [response.end()][] is called.\n\n
\nIf you call [response.write()][] or [response.end()][] before calling this, the\nimplicit/mutable headers will be calculated and call this function for you.\n\n
\nNote that Content-Length is given in bytes not characters. The above example\nworks because the string 'hello world'
contains only single byte characters.\nIf the body contains higher coded characters then Buffer.byteLength()
\nshould be used to determine the number of bytes in a given encoding.\nAnd io.js does not check whether Content-Length and the length of the body\nwhich has been transmitted are equal or not.\n\n
Sets the Socket's timeout value to msecs
. If a callback is\nprovided, then it is added as a listener on the 'timeout'
event on\nthe response object.\n\n
If no 'timeout'
listener is added to the request, the response, or\nthe server, then sockets are destroyed when they time out. If you\nassign a handler on the request, the response, or the server's\n'timeout'
events, then it is your responsibility to handle timed out\nsockets.\n\n
Returns response
.\n\n
Sets a single header value for implicit headers. If this header already exists\nin the to-be-sent headers, its value will be replaced. Use an array of strings\nhere if you need to send multiple headers with the same name.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nresponse.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html");
\nor\n\n
\nresponse.setHeader("Set-Cookie", ["type=ninja", "language=javascript"]);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "name"
},
{
"name": "value"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "response.getHeader(name)",
"type": "method",
"name": "getHeader",
"desc": "Reads out a header that's already been queued but not sent to the client. Note\nthat the name is case insensitive. This can only be called before headers get\nimplicitly flushed.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar contentType = response.getHeader('content-type');
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "name"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "response.removeHeader(name)",
"type": "method",
"name": "removeHeader",
"desc": "Removes a header that's queued for implicit sending.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nresponse.removeHeader("Content-Encoding");
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "name"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "response.write(chunk[, encoding][, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "write",
"desc": "If this method is called and [response.writeHead()][] has not been called,\nit will switch to implicit header mode and flush the implicit headers.\n\n
\nThis sends a chunk of the response body. This method may\nbe called multiple times to provide successive parts of the body.\n\n
\nchunk
can be a string or a buffer. If chunk
is a string,\nthe second parameter specifies how to encode it into a byte stream.\nBy default the encoding
is 'utf8'
. The last parameter callback
\nwill be called when this chunk of data is flushed.\n\n
Note: This is the raw HTTP body and has nothing to do with\nhigher-level multi-part body encodings that may be used.\n\n
\nThe first time response.write()
is called, it will send the buffered\nheader information and the first body to the client. The second time\nresponse.write()
is called, io.js assumes you're going to be streaming\ndata, and sends that separately. That is, the response is buffered up to the\nfirst chunk of body.\n\n
Returns true
if the entire data was flushed successfully to the kernel\nbuffer. Returns false
if all or part of the data was queued in user memory.\n'drain'
will be emitted when the buffer is free again.\n\n
This method adds HTTP trailing headers (a header but at the end of the\nmessage) to the response.\n\n
\nTrailers will only be emitted if chunked encoding is used for the\nresponse; if it is not (e.g., if the request was HTTP/1.0), they will\nbe silently discarded.\n\n
\nNote that HTTP requires the Trailer
header to be sent if you intend to\nemit trailers, with a list of the header fields in its value. E.g.,\n\n
response.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain',\n 'Trailer': 'Content-MD5' });\nresponse.write(fileData);\nresponse.addTrailers({'Content-MD5': "7895bf4b8828b55ceaf47747b4bca667"});\nresponse.end();
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "headers"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "response.end([data][, encoding][, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "end",
"desc": "This method signals to the server that all of the response headers and body\nhave been sent; that server should consider this message complete.\nThe method, response.end()
, MUST be called on each\nresponse.\n\n
If data
is specified, it is equivalent to calling\nresponse.write(data, encoding)
followed by response.end(callback)
.\n\n
If callback
is specified, it will be called when the response stream\nis finished.\n\n
When using implicit headers (not calling [response.writeHead()][] explicitly),\nthis property controls the status code that will be sent to the client when\nthe headers get flushed.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nresponse.statusCode = 404;
\nAfter response header was sent to the client, this property indicates the\nstatus code which was sent out.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "response.statusMessage", "name": "statusMessage", "desc": "When using implicit headers (not calling response.writeHead()
explicitly), this property\ncontrols the status message that will be sent to the client when the headers get\nflushed. If this is left as undefined
then the standard message for the status\ncode will be used.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nresponse.statusMessage = 'Not found';
\nAfter response header was sent to the client, this property indicates the\nstatus message which was sent out.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "response.headersSent", "name": "headersSent", "desc": "Boolean (read-only). True if headers were sent, false otherwise.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "response.sendDate", "name": "sendDate", "desc": "When true, the Date header will be automatically generated and sent in\nthe response if it is not already present in the headers. Defaults to true.\n\n
\nThis should only be disabled for testing; HTTP requires the Date header\nin responses.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "response.finished", "name": "finished", "desc": "Boolean value that indicates whether the response has completed. Starts\nas false
. After response.end()
executes, the value will be true
.\n\n
The HTTP Agent is used for pooling sockets used in HTTP client\nrequests.\n\n
\nThe HTTP Agent also defaults client requests to using\nConnection:keep-alive. If no pending HTTP requests are waiting on a\nsocket to become free the socket is closed. This means that io.js's\npool has the benefit of keep-alive when under load but still does not\nrequire developers to manually close the HTTP clients using\nKeepAlive.\n\n
\nIf you opt into using HTTP KeepAlive, you can create an Agent object\nwith that flag set to true
. (See the constructor\noptions below.) Then, the Agent will keep\nunused sockets in a pool for later use. They will be explicitly\nmarked so as to not keep the io.js process running. However, it is\nstill a good idea to explicitly destroy()
\nKeepAlive agents when they are no longer in use, so that the Sockets\nwill be shut down.\n\n
Sockets are removed from the agent's pool when the socket emits either\na "close" event or a special "agentRemove" event. This means that if\nyou intend to keep one HTTP request open for a long time and don't\nwant it to stay in the pool you can do something along the lines of:\n\n
\nhttp.get(options, function(res) {\n // Do stuff\n}).on("socket", function (socket) {\n socket.emit("agentRemove");\n});
\nAlternatively, you could just opt out of pooling entirely using\nagent:false
:\n\n
http.get({\n hostname: 'localhost',\n port: 80,\n path: '/',\n agent: false // create a new agent just for this one request\n}, function (res) {\n // Do stuff with response\n})
\n",
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "agent.maxSockets",
"name": "maxSockets",
"desc": "By default set to Infinity. Determines how many concurrent sockets the agent\ncan have open per origin. Origin is either a 'host:port' or\n'host:port:localAddress' combination.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "agent.maxFreeSockets", "name": "maxFreeSockets", "desc": "By default set to 256. For Agents supporting HTTP KeepAlive, this\nsets the maximum number of sockets that will be left open in the free\nstate.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "agent.sockets", "name": "sockets", "desc": "An object which contains arrays of sockets currently in use by the\nAgent. Do not modify.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "agent.freeSockets", "name": "freeSockets", "desc": "An object which contains arrays of sockets currently awaiting use by\nthe Agent when HTTP KeepAlive is used. Do not modify.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "agent.requests", "name": "requests", "desc": "An object which contains queues of requests that have not yet been assigned to\nsockets. Do not modify.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "agent.destroy()", "type": "method", "name": "destroy", "desc": "Destroy any sockets that are currently in use by the agent.\n\n
\nIt is usually not necessary to do this. However, if you are using an\nagent with KeepAlive enabled, then it is best to explicitly shut down\nthe agent when you know that it will no longer be used. Otherwise,\nsockets may hang open for quite a long time before the server\nterminates them.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "agent.getName(options)", "type": "method", "name": "getName", "desc": "Get a unique name for a set of request options, to determine whether a\nconnection can be reused. In the http agent, this returns\nhost:port:localAddress
. In the https agent, the name includes the\nCA, cert, ciphers, and other HTTPS/TLS-specific options that determine\nsocket reusability.\n\n\n
The default http.globalAgent
that is used by http.request
has all\nof these values set to their respective defaults.\n\n
To configure any of them, you must create your own Agent
object.\n\n
var http = require('http');\nvar keepAliveAgent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });\noptions.agent = keepAliveAgent;\nhttp.request(options, onResponseCallback);
\n"
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
],
"desc": "The default http.globalAgent
that is used by http.request
has all\nof these values set to their respective defaults.\n\n
To configure any of them, you must create your own Agent
object.\n\n
var http = require('http');\nvar keepAliveAgent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true });\noptions.agent = keepAliveAgent;\nhttp.request(options, onResponseCallback);
\n"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Class: http.ClientRequest",
"type": "class",
"name": "http.ClientRequest",
"desc": "This object is created internally and returned from http.request()
. It\nrepresents an in-progress request whose header has already been queued. The\nheader is still mutable using the setHeader(name, value)
, getHeader(name)
,\nremoveHeader(name)
API. The actual header will be sent along with the first\ndata chunk or when closing the connection.\n\n
To get the response, add a listener for 'response'
to the request object.\n'response'
will be emitted from the request object when the response\nheaders have been received. The 'response'
event is executed with one\nargument which is an instance of [http.IncomingMessage][].\n\n
During the 'response'
event, one can add listeners to the\nresponse object; particularly to listen for the 'data'
event.\n\n
If no 'response'
handler is added, then the response will be\nentirely discarded. However, if you add a 'response'
event handler,\nthen you must consume the data from the response object, either by\ncalling response.read()
whenever there is a 'readable'
event, or\nby adding a 'data'
handler, or by calling the .resume()
method.\nUntil the data is consumed, the 'end'
event will not fire. Also, until\nthe data is read it will consume memory that can eventually lead to a\n'process out of memory' error.\n\n
Note: io.js does not check whether Content-Length and the length of the body\nwhich has been transmitted are equal or not.\n\n
\nThe request implements the [Writable Stream][] interface. This is an\n[EventEmitter][] with the following events:\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'response'", "type": "event", "name": "response", "desc": "function (response) { }
\n\n
Emitted when a response is received to this request. This event is emitted only\nonce. The response
argument will be an instance of [http.IncomingMessage][].\n\n
Options:\n\n
\nhost
: A domain name or IP address of the server to issue the request to.port
: Port of remote server.socketPath
: Unix Domain Socket (use one of host:port or socketPath)function (socket) { }
\n\n
Emitted after a socket is assigned to this request.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'connect'", "type": "event", "name": "connect", "desc": "function (response, socket, head) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time a server responds to a request with a CONNECT method. If this\nevent isn't being listened for, clients receiving a CONNECT method will have\ntheir connections closed.\n\n
\nA client server pair that show you how to listen for the connect
event.\n\n
var http = require('http');\nvar net = require('net');\nvar url = require('url');\n\n// Create an HTTP tunneling proxy\nvar proxy = http.createServer(function (req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});\n res.end('okay');\n});\nproxy.on('connect', function(req, cltSocket, head) {\n // connect to an origin server\n var srvUrl = url.parse('http://' + req.url);\n var srvSocket = net.connect(srvUrl.port, srvUrl.hostname, function() {\n cltSocket.write('HTTP/1.1 200 Connection Established\\r\\n' +\n 'Proxy-agent: io.js-Proxy\\r\\n' +\n '\\r\\n');\n srvSocket.write(head);\n srvSocket.pipe(cltSocket);\n cltSocket.pipe(srvSocket);\n });\n});\n\n// now that proxy is running\nproxy.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', function() {\n\n // make a request to a tunneling proxy\n var options = {\n port: 1337,\n hostname: '127.0.0.1',\n method: 'CONNECT',\n path: 'www.google.com:80'\n };\n\n var req = http.request(options);\n req.end();\n\n req.on('connect', function(res, socket, head) {\n console.log('got connected!');\n\n // make a request over an HTTP tunnel\n socket.write('GET / HTTP/1.1\\r\\n' +\n 'Host: www.google.com:80\\r\\n' +\n 'Connection: close\\r\\n' +\n '\\r\\n');\n socket.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log(chunk.toString());\n });\n socket.on('end', function() {\n proxy.close();\n });\n });\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'upgrade'",
"type": "event",
"name": "upgrade",
"desc": "function (response, socket, head) { }
\n\n
Emitted each time a server responds to a request with an upgrade. If this\nevent isn't being listened for, clients receiving an upgrade header will have\ntheir connections closed.\n\n
\nA client server pair that show you how to listen for the upgrade
event.\n\n
var http = require('http');\n\n// Create an HTTP server\nvar srv = http.createServer(function (req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});\n res.end('okay');\n});\nsrv.on('upgrade', function(req, socket, head) {\n socket.write('HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\\r\\n' +\n 'Upgrade: WebSocket\\r\\n' +\n 'Connection: Upgrade\\r\\n' +\n '\\r\\n');\n\n socket.pipe(socket); // echo back\n});\n\n// now that server is running\nsrv.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1', function() {\n\n // make a request\n var options = {\n port: 1337,\n hostname: '127.0.0.1',\n headers: {\n 'Connection': 'Upgrade',\n 'Upgrade': 'websocket'\n }\n };\n\n var req = http.request(options);\n req.end();\n\n req.on('upgrade', function(res, socket, upgradeHead) {\n console.log('got upgraded!');\n socket.end();\n process.exit(0);\n });\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'continue'",
"type": "event",
"name": "continue",
"desc": "function () { }
\n\n
Emitted when the server sends a '100 Continue' HTTP response, usually because\nthe request contained 'Expect: 100-continue'. This is an instruction that\nthe client should send the request body.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'abort'", "type": "event", "name": "abort", "desc": "function () { }
\n\n
Emitted when the request has been aborted by the client. This event is only\nemitted on the first call to abort()
.\n\n
Flush the request headers.\n\n
\nFor efficiency reasons, io.js normally buffers the request headers until you\ncall request.end()
or write the first chunk of request data. It then tries\nhard to pack the request headers and data into a single TCP packet.\n\n
That's usually what you want (it saves a TCP round-trip) but not when the first\ndata isn't sent until possibly much later. request.flushHeaders()
lets you bypass\nthe optimization and kickstart the request.\n\n
Sends a chunk of the body. By calling this method\nmany times, the user can stream a request body to a\nserver--in that case it is suggested to use the\n['Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked']
header line when\ncreating the request.\n\n
The chunk
argument should be a [Buffer][] or a string.\n\n
The encoding
argument is optional and only applies when chunk
is a string.\nDefaults to 'utf8'
.\n\n
The callback
argument is optional and will be called when this chunk of data\nis flushed.\n\n
Finishes sending the request. If any parts of the body are\nunsent, it will flush them to the stream. If the request is\nchunked, this will send the terminating '0\\r\\n\\r\\n'
.\n\n
If data
is specified, it is equivalent to calling\nrequest.write(data, encoding)
followed by request.end(callback)
.\n\n
If callback
is specified, it will be called when the request stream\nis finished.\n\n
Marks the request as aborting. Calling this will cause remaining data\nin the response to be dropped and the socket to be destroyed.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "request.setTimeout(timeout[, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "setTimeout", "desc": "Once a socket is assigned to this request and is connected\n[socket.setTimeout()][] will be called.\n\n
\nReturns request
.\n\n
Once a socket is assigned to this request and is connected\n[socket.setNoDelay()][] will be called.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "noDelay", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "request.setSocketKeepAlive([enable][, initialDelay])", "type": "method", "name": "setSocketKeepAlive", "desc": "Once a socket is assigned to this request and is connected\n[socket.setKeepAlive()][] will be called.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "enable", "optional": true }, { "name": "initialDelay", "optional": true } ] } ] } ] } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "HTTP" }, { "textRaw": "HTTPS", "name": "https", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "desc": "HTTPS is the HTTP protocol over TLS/SSL. In io.js this is implemented as a\nseparate module.\n\n
\n", "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: https.Server", "type": "class", "name": "https.Server", "desc": "This class is a subclass of tls.Server
and emits events same as\nhttp.Server
. See http.Server
for more information.\n\n
See [http.Server#setTimeout()][].\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "msecs" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "server.timeout", "name": "timeout", "desc": "See [http.Server#timeout][].\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: https.Agent", "type": "class", "name": "https.Agent", "desc": "An Agent object for HTTPS similar to [http.Agent][]. See [https.request()][]\nfor more information.\n\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "https.createServer(options[, requestListener])", "type": "method", "name": "createServer", "desc": "Returns a new HTTPS web server object. The options
is similar to\n[tls.createServer()][]. The requestListener
is a function which is\nautomatically added to the 'request'
event.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\n// curl -k https://localhost:8000/\nvar https = require('https');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n key: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-cert.pem')\n};\n\nhttps.createServer(options, function (req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200);\n res.end("hello world\\n");\n}).listen(8000);
\nOr\n\n
\nvar https = require('https');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n pfx: fs.readFileSync('server.pfx')\n};\n\nhttps.createServer(options, function (req, res) {\n res.writeHead(200);\n res.end("hello world\\n");\n}).listen(8000);
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "server.listen(path[, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "listen",
"desc": "See [http.listen()][] for details.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "handle" }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "path" }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "server.listen(handle[, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "listen", "desc": "See [http.listen()][] for details.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "handle" }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "server.close([callback])", "type": "method", "name": "close", "desc": "See [http.close()][] for details.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ] } ], "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options" }, { "name": "requestListener", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "https.request(options, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "request", "desc": "Makes a request to a secure web server.\n\n
\noptions
can be an object or a string. If options
is a string, it is\nautomatically parsed with url.parse().\n\n
All options from [http.request()][] are valid.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar https = require('https');\n\nvar options = {\n hostname: 'encrypted.google.com',\n port: 443,\n path: '/',\n method: 'GET'\n};\n\nvar req = https.request(options, function(res) {\n console.log("statusCode: ", res.statusCode);\n console.log("headers: ", res.headers);\n\n res.on('data', function(d) {\n process.stdout.write(d);\n });\n});\nreq.end();\n\nreq.on('error', function(e) {\n console.error(e);\n});
\nThe options argument has the following options\n\n
\nhost
: A domain name or IP address of the server to issue the request to.\nDefaults to 'localhost'
.hostname
: Alias for host
. To support url.parse()
hostname
is\npreferred over host
.family
: IP address family to use when resolving host
and hostname
.\nValid values are 4
or 6
. When unspecified, both IP v4 and v6 will be\nused.port
: Port of remote server. Defaults to 443.localAddress
: Local interface to bind for network connections.socketPath
: Unix Domain Socket (use one of host:port or socketPath).method
: A string specifying the HTTP request method. Defaults to 'GET'
.path
: Request path. Defaults to '/'
. Should include query string if any.\nE.G. '/index.html?page=12'
. An exception is thrown when the request path\ncontains illegal characters. Currently, only spaces are rejected but that\nmay change in the future.headers
: An object containing request headers.auth
: Basic authentication i.e. 'user:password'
to compute an\nAuthorization header.agent
: Controls [Agent][] behavior. When an Agent is used request will\ndefault to Connection: keep-alive
. Possible values:undefined
(default): use [globalAgent][] for this host and port.Agent
object: explicitly use the passed in Agent
.false
: opts out of connection pooling with an Agent, defaults request to\nConnection: close
.The following options from [tls.connect()][] can also be specified. However, a\n[globalAgent][] silently ignores these.\n\n
\npfx
: Certificate, Private key and CA certificates to use for SSL. Default null
.key
: Private key to use for SSL. Default null
.passphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfx. Default null
.cert
: Public x509 certificate to use. Default null
.ca
: An authority certificate or array of authority certificates to check\nthe remote host against.ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude. Consult\nhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#CIPHER_LIST_FORMAT for\ndetails on the format.rejectUnauthorized
: If true
, the server certificate is verified against\nthe list of supplied CAs. An 'error'
event is emitted if verification\nfails. Verification happens at the connection level, before the HTTP\nrequest is sent. Default true
.secureProtocol
: The SSL method to use, e.g. SSLv3_method
to force\nSSL version 3. The possible values depend on your installation of\nOpenSSL and are defined in the constant [SSL_METHODS][].In order to specify these options, use a custom Agent
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar options = {\n hostname: 'encrypted.google.com',\n port: 443,\n path: '/',\n method: 'GET',\n key: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-cert.pem')\n};\noptions.agent = new https.Agent(options);\n\nvar req = https.request(options, function(res) {\n ...\n}
\nOr does not use an Agent
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar options = {\n hostname: 'encrypted.google.com',\n port: 443,\n path: '/',\n method: 'GET',\n key: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-cert.pem'),\n agent: false\n};\n\nvar req = https.request(options, function(res) {\n ...\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "https.get(options, callback)",
"type": "method",
"name": "get",
"desc": "Like http.get()
but for HTTPS.\n\n
options
can be an object or a string. If options
is a string, it is\nautomatically parsed with url.parse().\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar https = require('https');\n\nhttps.get('https://encrypted.google.com/', function(res) {\n console.log("statusCode: ", res.statusCode);\n console.log("headers: ", res.headers);\n\n res.on('data', function(d) {\n process.stdout.write(d);\n });\n\n}).on('error', function(e) {\n console.error(e);\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "https.globalAgent",
"name": "globalAgent",
"desc": "Global instance of [https.Agent][] for all HTTPS client requests.\n\n
\n" } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "HTTPS" }, { "textRaw": "Modules", "name": "module", "stability": 3, "stabilityText": "Locked", "desc": "io.js has a simple module loading system. In io.js, files and modules are in\none-to-one correspondence. As an example, foo.js
loads the module\ncircle.js
in the same directory.\n\n
The contents of foo.js
:\n\n
var circle = require('./circle.js');\nconsole.log( 'The area of a circle of radius 4 is '\n + circle.area(4));
\nThe contents of circle.js
:\n\n
var PI = Math.PI;\n\nexports.area = function (r) {\n return PI * r * r;\n};\n\nexports.circumference = function (r) {\n return 2 * PI * r;\n};
\nThe module circle.js
has exported the functions area()
and\ncircumference()
. To add functions and objects to the root of your module,\nyou can add them to the special exports
object.\n\n
Variables local to the module will be private, as though the module was wrapped\nin a function. In this example the variable PI
is private to circle.js
.\n\n
If you want the root of your module's export to be a function (such as a\nconstructor) or if you want to export a complete object in one assignment\ninstead of building it one property at a time, assign it to module.exports
\ninstead of exports
.\n\n
Below, bar.js
makes use of the square
module, which exports a constructor:\n\n
var square = require('./square.js');\nvar mySquare = square(2);\nconsole.log('The area of my square is ' + mySquare.area());
\nThe square
module is defined in square.js
:\n\n
// assigning to exports will not modify module, must use module.exports\nmodule.exports = function(width) {\n return {\n area: function() {\n return width * width;\n }\n };\n}
\nThe module system is implemented in the require("module")
module.\n\n
When there are circular require()
calls, a module might not have finished\nexecuting when it is returned.\n\n
Consider this situation:\n\n
\na.js
:\n\n
console.log('a starting');\nexports.done = false;\nvar b = require('./b.js');\nconsole.log('in a, b.done = %j', b.done);\nexports.done = true;\nconsole.log('a done');
\nb.js
:\n\n
console.log('b starting');\nexports.done = false;\nvar a = require('./a.js');\nconsole.log('in b, a.done = %j', a.done);\nexports.done = true;\nconsole.log('b done');
\nmain.js
:\n\n
console.log('main starting');\nvar a = require('./a.js');\nvar b = require('./b.js');\nconsole.log('in main, a.done=%j, b.done=%j', a.done, b.done);
\nWhen main.js
loads a.js
, then a.js
in turn loads b.js
. At that\npoint, b.js
tries to load a.js
. In order to prevent an infinite\nloop, an unfinished copy of the a.js
exports object is returned to the\nb.js
module. b.js
then finishes loading, and its exports
object is\nprovided to the a.js
module.\n\n
By the time main.js
has loaded both modules, they're both finished.\nThe output of this program would thus be:\n\n
$ iojs main.js\nmain starting\na starting\nb starting\nin b, a.done = false\nb done\nin a, b.done = true\na done\nin main, a.done=true, b.done=true
\nIf you have cyclic module dependencies in your program, make sure to\nplan accordingly.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Core Modules", "name": "Core Modules", "type": "misc", "desc": "io.js has several modules compiled into the binary. These modules are\ndescribed in greater detail elsewhere in this documentation.\n\n
\nThe core modules are defined within io.js's source and are located in the\nlib/
folder.\n\n
Core modules are always preferentially loaded if their identifier is\npassed to require()
. For instance, require('http')
will always\nreturn the built in HTTP module, even if there is a file by that name.\n\n
If the exact filename is not found, then io.js will attempt to load the\nrequired filename with the added extensions: .js
, .json
, and finally\n.node
.\n\n
.js
files are interpreted as JavaScript text files, and .json
files are\nparsed as JSON text files. .node
files are interpreted as compiled addon\nmodules loaded with dlopen
.\n\n
A required module prefixed with '/'
is an absolute path to the file. For\nexample, require('/home/marco/foo.js')
will load the file at\n/home/marco/foo.js
.\n\n
A required module prefixed with './'
is relative to the file calling\nrequire()
. That is, circle.js
must be in the same directory as foo.js
for\nrequire('./circle')
to find it.\n\n
Without a leading '/', './', or '../' to indicate a file, the module must\neither be a core module or is loaded from a node_modules
folder.\n\n
If the given path does not exist, require()
will throw an Error with its\ncode
property set to 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND'
.\n\n
If the module identifier passed to require()
is not a native module,\nand does not begin with '/'
, '../'
, or './'
, then io.js starts at the\nparent directory of the current module, and adds /node_modules
, and\nattempts to load the module from that location.\n\n
If it is not found there, then it moves to the parent directory, and so\non, until the root of the file system is reached.\n\n
\nFor example, if the file at '/home/ry/projects/foo.js'
called\nrequire('bar.js')
, then io.js would look in the following locations, in\nthis order:\n\n
/home/ry/projects/node_modules/bar.js
/home/ry/node_modules/bar.js
/home/node_modules/bar.js
/node_modules/bar.js
This allows programs to localize their dependencies, so that they do not\nclash.\n\n
\nYou can require specific files or sub modules distributed with a module by\nincluding a path suffix after the module name. For instance\nrequire('example-module/path/to/file')
would resolve path/to/file
\nrelative to where example-module
is located. The suffixed path follows the\nsame module resolution semantics.\n\n
It is convenient to organize programs and libraries into self-contained\ndirectories, and then provide a single entry point to that library.\nThere are three ways in which a folder may be passed to require()
as\nan argument.\n\n
The first is to create a package.json
file in the root of the folder,\nwhich specifies a main
module. An example package.json file might\nlook like this:\n\n
{ "name" : "some-library",\n "main" : "./lib/some-library.js" }
\nIf this was in a folder at ./some-library
, then\nrequire('./some-library')
would attempt to load\n./some-library/lib/some-library.js
.\n\n
This is the extent of io.js's awareness of package.json files.\n\n
\nIf there is no package.json file present in the directory, then io.js\nwill attempt to load an index.js
or index.node
file out of that\ndirectory. For example, if there was no package.json file in the above\nexample, then require('./some-library')
would attempt to load:\n\n
./some-library/index.js
./some-library/index.node
Modules are cached after the first time they are loaded. This means\n(among other things) that every call to require('foo')
will get\nexactly the same object returned, if it would resolve to the same file.\n\n
Multiple calls to require('foo')
may not cause the module code to be\nexecuted multiple times. This is an important feature. With it,\n"partially done" objects can be returned, thus allowing transitive\ndependencies to be loaded even when they would cause cycles.\n\n
If you want to have a module execute code multiple times, then export a\nfunction, and call that function.\n\n
\n", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Module Caching Caveats", "name": "Module Caching Caveats", "type": "misc", "desc": "Modules are cached based on their resolved filename. Since modules may\nresolve to a different filename based on the location of the calling\nmodule (loading from node_modules
folders), it is not a guarantee\nthat require('foo')
will always return the exact same object, if it\nwould resolve to different files.\n\n
To get the exact filename that will be loaded when require()
is called, use\nthe require.resolve()
function.\n\n
Putting together all of the above, here is the high-level algorithm\nin pseudocode of what require.resolve does:\n\n
\nrequire(X) from module at path Y\n1. If X is a core module,\n a. return the core module\n b. STOP\n2. If X begins with './' or '/' or '../'\n a. LOAD_AS_FILE(Y + X)\n b. LOAD_AS_DIRECTORY(Y + X)\n3. LOAD_NODE_MODULES(X, dirname(Y))\n4. THROW "not found"\n\nLOAD_AS_FILE(X)\n1. If X is a file, load X as JavaScript text. STOP\n2. If X.js is a file, load X.js as JavaScript text. STOP\n3. If X.json is a file, parse X.json to a JavaScript Object. STOP\n4. If X.node is a file, load X.node as binary addon. STOP\n\nLOAD_AS_DIRECTORY(X)\n1. If X/package.json is a file,\n a. Parse X/package.json, and look for "main" field.\n b. let M = X + (json main field)\n c. LOAD_AS_FILE(M)\n2. If X/index.js is a file, load X/index.js as JavaScript text. STOP\n3. If X/index.json is a file, parse X/index.json to a JavaScript object. STOP\n4. If X/index.node is a file, load X/index.node as binary addon. STOP\n\nLOAD_NODE_MODULES(X, START)\n1. let DIRS=NODE_MODULES_PATHS(START)\n2. for each DIR in DIRS:\n a. LOAD_AS_FILE(DIR/X)\n b. LOAD_AS_DIRECTORY(DIR/X)\n\nNODE_MODULES_PATHS(START)\n1. let PARTS = path split(START)\n2. let I = count of PARTS - 1\n3. let DIRS = []\n4. while I >= 0,\n a. if PARTS[I] = "node_modules" CONTINUE\n c. DIR = path join(PARTS[0 .. I] + "node_modules")\n b. DIRS = DIRS + DIR\n c. let I = I - 1\n5. return DIRS
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Loading from the global folders",
"name": "Loading from the global folders",
"type": "misc",
"desc": "If the NODE_PATH
environment variable is set to a colon-delimited list\nof absolute paths, then io.js will search those paths for modules if they\nare not found elsewhere. (Note: On Windows, NODE_PATH
is delimited by\nsemicolons instead of colons.)\n\n
NODE_PATH
was originally created to support loading modules from\nvarying paths before the current\nmodule resolution\nalgorithm was frozen.\n\n
NODE_PATH
is still supported, but is less necessary now that the io.js\necosystem has settled on a convention for locating dependent modules.\nSometimes deployments that rely on NODE_PATH
show surprising behavior\nwhen people are unaware that NODE_PATH
must be set. Sometimes a\nmodule's dependencies change, causing a different version (or even a\ndifferent module) to be loaded as the NODE_PATH
is searched.\n\n
Additionally, io.js will search in the following locations:\n\n
\n$HOME/.node_modules
$HOME/.node_libraries
$PREFIX/lib/node
Where $HOME
is the user's home directory, and $PREFIX
is io.js's\nconfigured node_prefix
.\n\n
These are mostly for historic reasons. You are highly encouraged\nto place your dependencies locally in node_modules
folders. They\nwill be loaded faster, and more reliably.\n\n
When a file is run directly from io.js, require.main
is set to its\nmodule
. That means that you can determine whether a file has been run\ndirectly by testing\n\n
require.main === module
\nFor a file foo.js
, this will be true
if run via iojs foo.js
, but\nfalse
if run by require('./foo')
.\n\n
Because module
provides a filename
property (normally equivalent to\n__filename
), the entry point of the current application can be obtained\nby checking require.main.filename
.\n\n
The semantics of io.js's require()
function were designed to be general\nenough to support a number of sane directory structures. Package manager\nprograms such as dpkg
, rpm
, and npm
will hopefully find it possible to\nbuild native packages from io.js modules without modification.\n\n
Below we give a suggested directory structure that could work:\n\n
\nLet's say that we wanted to have the folder at\n/usr/lib/node/<some-package>/<some-version>
hold the contents of a\nspecific version of a package.\n\n
Packages can depend on one another. In order to install package foo
, you\nmay have to install a specific version of package bar
. The bar
package\nmay itself have dependencies, and in some cases, these dependencies may even\ncollide or form cycles.\n\n
Since io.js looks up the realpath
of any modules it loads (that is,\nresolves symlinks), and then looks for their dependencies in the\nnode_modules
folders as described above, this situation is very simple to\nresolve with the following architecture:\n\n
/usr/lib/node/foo/1.2.3/
- Contents of the foo
package, version 1.2.3./usr/lib/node/bar/4.3.2/
- Contents of the bar
package that foo
\ndepends on./usr/lib/node/foo/1.2.3/node_modules/bar
- Symbolic link to\n/usr/lib/node/bar/4.3.2/
./usr/lib/node/bar/4.3.2/node_modules/*
- Symbolic links to the packages\nthat bar
depends on.Thus, even if a cycle is encountered, or if there are dependency\nconflicts, every module will be able to get a version of its dependency\nthat it can use.\n\n
\nWhen the code in the foo
package does require('bar')
, it will get the\nversion that is symlinked into /usr/lib/node/foo/1.2.3/node_modules/bar
.\nThen, when the code in the bar
package calls require('quux')
, it'll get\nthe version that is symlinked into\n/usr/lib/node/bar/4.3.2/node_modules/quux
.\n\n
Furthermore, to make the module lookup process even more optimal, rather\nthan putting packages directly in /usr/lib/node
, we could put them in\n/usr/lib/node_modules/<name>/<version>
. Then io.js will not bother\nlooking for missing dependencies in /usr/node_modules
or /node_modules
.\n\n
In order to make modules available to the io.js REPL, it might be useful to\nalso add the /usr/lib/node_modules
folder to the $NODE_PATH
environment\nvariable. Since the module lookups using node_modules
folders are all\nrelative, and based on the real path of the files making the calls to\nrequire()
, the packages themselves can be anywhere.\n\n
In each module, the module
free variable is a reference to the object\nrepresenting the current module. For convenience, module.exports
is\nalso accessible via the exports
module-global. module
isn't actually\na global but rather local to each module.\n\n
The module.exports
object is created by the Module system. Sometimes this is not\nacceptable; many want their module to be an instance of some class. To do this,\nassign the desired export object to module.exports
. Note that assigning the\ndesired object to exports
will simply rebind the local exports
variable,\nwhich is probably not what you want to do.\n\n
For example suppose we were making a module called a.js
\n\n
var EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter;\n\nmodule.exports = new EventEmitter();\n\n// Do some work, and after some time emit\n// the 'ready' event from the module itself.\nsetTimeout(function() {\n module.exports.emit('ready');\n}, 1000);
\nThen in another file we could do\n\n
\nvar a = require('./a');\na.on('ready', function() {\n console.log('module a is ready');\n});
\nNote that assignment to module.exports
must be done immediately. It cannot be\ndone in any callbacks. This does not work:\n\n
x.js:\n\n
\nsetTimeout(function() {\n module.exports = { a: "hello" };\n}, 0);
\ny.js:\n\n
\nvar x = require('./x');\nconsole.log(x.a);
\n",
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "exports alias",
"name": "exports_alias",
"desc": "The exports
variable that is available within a module starts as a reference\nto module.exports
. As with any variable, if you assign a new value to it, it\nis no longer bound to the previous value.\n\n
To illustrate the behaviour, imagine this hypothetical implementation of\nrequire()
:\n\n
function require(...) {\n // ...\n function (module, exports) {\n // Your module code here\n exports = some_func; // re-assigns exports, exports is no longer\n // a shortcut, and nothing is exported.\n module.exports = some_func; // makes your module export 0\n } (module, module.exports);\n return module;\n}
\nAs a guideline, if the relationship between exports
and module.exports
\nseems like magic to you, ignore exports
and only use module.exports
.\n\n
The identifier for the module. Typically this is the fully resolved\nfilename.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`filename` {String} ", "name": "filename", "desc": "The fully resolved filename to the module.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`loaded` {Boolean} ", "name": "loaded", "desc": "Whether or not the module is done loading, or is in the process of\nloading.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`parent` {Module Object} ", "name": "parent", "desc": "The module that first required this one.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "`children` {Array} ", "name": "children", "desc": "The module objects required by this one.\n\n\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "module.require(id)", "type": "method", "name": "require", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "Return: {Object} `module.exports` from the resolved module ", "name": "return", "type": "Object", "desc": "`module.exports` from the resolved module" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`id` {String} ", "name": "id", "type": "String" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "id" } ] } ], "desc": "The module.require
method provides a way to load a module as if\nrequire()
was called from the original module.\n\n
Note that in order to do this, you must get a reference to the module
\nobject. Since require()
returns the module.exports
, and the module
is\ntypically only available within a specific module's code, it must be\nexplicitly exported in order to be used.\n\n\n
The net
module provides you with an asynchronous network wrapper. It contains\nfunctions for creating both servers and clients (called streams). You can include\nthis module with require('net');
.\n\n
Creates a new TCP server. The connectionListener
argument is\nautomatically set as a listener for the ['connection'][] event.\n\n
options
is an object with the following defaults:\n\n
{\n allowHalfOpen: false,\n pauseOnConnect: false\n}
\nIf allowHalfOpen
is true
, then the socket won't automatically send a FIN\npacket when the other end of the socket sends a FIN packet. The socket becomes\nnon-readable, but still writable. You should call the end()
method explicitly.\nSee ['end'][] event for more information.\n\n
If pauseOnConnect
is true
, then the socket associated with each incoming\nconnection will be paused, and no data will be read from its handle. This allows\nconnections to be passed between processes without any data being read by the\noriginal process. To begin reading data from a paused socket, call resume()
.\n\n
Here is an example of an echo server which listens for connections\non port 8124:\n\n
\nvar net = require('net');\nvar server = net.createServer(function(c) { //'connection' listener\n console.log('client connected');\n c.on('end', function() {\n console.log('client disconnected');\n });\n c.write('hello\\r\\n');\n c.pipe(c);\n});\nserver.listen(8124, function() { //'listening' listener\n console.log('server bound');\n});
\nTest this by using telnet
:\n\n
telnet localhost 8124
\nTo listen on the socket /tmp/echo.sock
the third line from the last would\njust be changed to\n\n
server.listen('/tmp/echo.sock', function() { //'listening' listener
\nUse nc
to connect to a UNIX domain socket server:\n\n
nc -U /tmp/echo.sock
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "connectionListener",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "net.connect(options[, connectListener])",
"type": "method",
"name": "connect",
"desc": "A factory function, which returns a new 'net.Socket'\nand automatically connects with the supplied options
.\n\n
The options are passed to both the 'net.Socket'\nconstructor and the 'socket.connect'\nmethod.\n\n
\nThe connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
Here is an example of a client of the previously described echo server:\n\n
\nvar net = require('net');\nvar client = net.connect({port: 8124},\n function() { //'connect' listener\n console.log('connected to server!');\n client.write('world!\\r\\n');\n});\nclient.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data.toString());\n client.end();\n});\nclient.on('end', function() {\n console.log('disconnected from server');\n});
\nTo connect on the socket /tmp/echo.sock
the second line would just be\nchanged to\n\n
var client = net.connect({path: '/tmp/echo.sock'});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "connectListener",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "connectListener",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "net.createConnection(options[, connectListener])",
"type": "method",
"name": "createConnection",
"desc": "A factory function, which returns a new 'net.Socket'\nand automatically connects with the supplied options
.\n\n
The options are passed to both the 'net.Socket'\nconstructor and the 'socket.connect'\nmethod.\n\n
\nThe connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
Here is an example of a client of the previously described echo server:\n\n
\nvar net = require('net');\nvar client = net.connect({port: 8124},\n function() { //'connect' listener\n console.log('connected to server!');\n client.write('world!\\r\\n');\n});\nclient.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data.toString());\n client.end();\n});\nclient.on('end', function() {\n console.log('disconnected from server');\n});
\nTo connect on the socket /tmp/echo.sock
the second line would just be\nchanged to\n\n
var client = net.connect({path: '/tmp/echo.sock'});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "connectListener",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "net.connect(port[, host][, connectListener])",
"type": "method",
"name": "connect",
"desc": "A factory function, which returns a new\n'net.Socket' and automatically connects to the\nsupplied port
and host
.\n\n
If host
is omitted, 'localhost'
will be assumed.\n\n
The connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
A factory function, which returns a new\n'net.Socket' and automatically connects to the\nsupplied port
and host
.\n\n
If host
is omitted, 'localhost'
will be assumed.\n\n
The connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
A factory function, which returns a new unix\n'net.Socket' and automatically connects to the\nsupplied path
.\n\n
The connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
A factory function, which returns a new unix\n'net.Socket' and automatically connects to the\nsupplied path
.\n\n
The connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event once.\n\n
Tests if input is an IP address. Returns 0 for invalid strings,\nreturns 4 for IP version 4 addresses, and returns 6 for IP version 6 addresses.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "input" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "net.isIPv4(input)", "type": "method", "name": "isIPv4", "desc": "Returns true if input is a version 4 IP address, otherwise returns false.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "input" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "net.isIPv6(input)", "type": "method", "name": "isIPv6", "desc": "Returns true if input is a version 6 IP address, otherwise returns false.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "input" } ] } ] } ], "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: net.Server", "type": "class", "name": "net.Server", "desc": "This class is used to create a TCP or local server.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "server.listen(port[, hostname][, backlog][, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "listen", "desc": "Begin accepting connections on the specified port
and hostname
. If the\nhostname
is omitted, the server will accept connections on any IPv6 address\n(::
) when IPv6 is available, or any IPv4 address (0.0.0.0
) otherwise. A\nport value of zero will assign a random port.\n\n
Backlog is the maximum length of the queue of pending connections.\nThe actual length will be determined by your OS through sysctl settings such as\ntcp_max_syn_backlog
and somaxconn
on linux. The default value of this\nparameter is 511 (not 512).\n\n
This function is asynchronous. When the server has been bound,\n['listening'][] event will be emitted. The last parameter callback
\nwill be added as a listener for the ['listening'][] event.\n\n
One issue some users run into is getting EADDRINUSE
errors. This means that\nanother server is already running on the requested port. One way of handling this\nwould be to wait a second and then try again. This can be done with\n\n
server.on('error', function (e) {\n if (e.code == 'EADDRINUSE') {\n console.log('Address in use, retrying...');\n setTimeout(function () {\n server.close();\n server.listen(PORT, HOST);\n }, 1000);\n }\n});
\n(Note: All sockets in io.js set SO_REUSEADDR
already)\n\n\n
Start a local socket server listening for connections on the given path
.\n\n
This function is asynchronous. When the server has been bound,\n['listening'][] event will be emitted. The last parameter callback
\nwill be added as a listener for the ['listening'][] event.\n\n
On UNIX, the local domain is usually known as the UNIX domain. The path is a\nfilesystem path name. It is subject to the same naming conventions and\npermissions checks as would be done on file creation, will be visible in the\nfilesystem, and will persist until unlinked.\n\n
\nOn Windows, the local domain is implemented using a named pipe. The path must\nrefer to an entry in \\\\?\\pipe\\
or \\\\.\\pipe\\
. Any characters are permitted,\nbut the latter may do some processing of pipe names, such as resolving ..
\nsequences. Despite appearances, the pipe name space is flat. Pipes will not\npersist, they are removed when the last reference to them is closed. Do not\nforget javascript string escaping requires paths to be specified with\ndouble-backslashes, such as:\n\n
net.createServer().listen(\n path.join('\\\\\\\\?\\\\pipe', process.cwd(), 'myctl'))
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "server.listen(handle[, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "listen",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`handle` {Object} ",
"name": "handle",
"type": "Object"
},
{
"textRaw": "`callback` {Function} ",
"name": "callback",
"type": "Function",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "handle"
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "The handle
object can be set to either a server or socket (anything\nwith an underlying _handle
member), or a {fd: <n>}
object.\n\n
This will cause the server to accept connections on the specified\nhandle, but it is presumed that the file descriptor or handle has\nalready been bound to a port or domain socket.\n\n
\nListening on a file descriptor is not supported on Windows.\n\n
\nThis function is asynchronous. When the server has been bound,\n['listening'][] event will be emitted.\nThe last parameter callback
will be added as a listener for the\n['listening'][] event.\n\n
The port
, host
, and backlog
properties of options
, as well as the\noptional callback function, behave as they do on a call to\nserver.listen(port, [host], [backlog], [callback])\n. Alternatively, the path
\noption can be used to specify a UNIX socket.\n\n
If exclusive
is false
(default), then cluster workers will use the same\nunderlying handle, allowing connection handling duties to be shared. When\nexclusive
is true
, the handle is not shared, and attempted port sharing\nresults in an error. An example which listens on an exclusive port is\nshown below.\n\n
server.listen({\n host: 'localhost',\n port: 80,\n exclusive: true\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "server.close([callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "close",
"desc": "Stops the server from accepting new connections and keeps existing\nconnections. This function is asynchronous, the server is finally\nclosed when all connections are ended and the server emits a ['close'][] event.\nThe optional callback
will be called once the 'close'
event occurs. Unlike\nthat event, it will be called with an Error as its only argument if the server\nwas not open when it was closed.\n\n
Returns the bound address, the address family name and port of the server\nas reported by the operating system.\nUseful to find which port was assigned when giving getting an OS-assigned address.\nReturns an object with three properties, e.g.\n{ port: 12346, family: 'IPv4', address: '127.0.0.1' }
\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nvar server = net.createServer(function (socket) {\n socket.end("goodbye\\n");\n});\n\n// grab a random port.\nserver.listen(function() {\n address = server.address();\n console.log("opened server on %j", address);\n});
\nDon't call server.address()
until the 'listening'
event has been emitted.\n\n
Calling unref
on a server will allow the program to exit if this is the only\nactive server in the event system. If the server is already unref
d calling\nunref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns server
.\n\n
Opposite of unref
, calling ref
on a previously unref
d server will not\nlet the program exit if it's the only server left (the default behavior). If\nthe server is ref
d calling ref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns server
.\n\n
Asynchronously get the number of concurrent connections on the server. Works\nwhen sockets were sent to forks.\n\n
\nCallback should take two arguments err
and count
.\n\n
net.Server
is an [EventEmitter][] with the following events:\n\n
Set this property to reject connections when the server's connection count gets\nhigh.\n\n
\nIt is not recommended to use this option once a socket has been sent to a child\nwith child_process.fork()
.\n\n
The number of concurrent connections on the server.\n\n
\nThis becomes null
when sending a socket to a child with\nchild_process.fork()
. To poll forks and get current number of active\nconnections use asynchronous server.getConnections
instead.\n\n
Emitted when the server has been bound after calling server.listen
.\n\n
Emitted when a new connection is made. socket
is an instance of\nnet.Socket
.\n\n
Emitted when the server closes. Note that if connections exist, this\nevent is not emitted until all connections are ended.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'error'", "type": "event", "name": "error", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted when an error occurs. The ['close'][] event will be called directly\nfollowing this event. See example in discussion of server.listen
.\n\n
This object is an abstraction of a TCP or local socket. net.Socket
\ninstances implement a duplex Stream interface. They can be created by the\nuser and used as a client (with connect()
) or they can be created by io.js\nand passed to the user through the 'connection'
event of a server.\n\n
Construct a new socket object.\n\n
\noptions
is an object with the following defaults:\n\n
{ fd: null,\n allowHalfOpen: false,\n readable: false,\n writable: false\n}
\nfd
allows you to specify the existing file descriptor of socket.\nSet readable
and/or writable
to true
to allow reads and/or writes on this\nsocket (NOTE: Works only when fd
is passed).\nAbout allowHalfOpen
, refer to createServer()
and 'end'
event.\n\n
Opens the connection for a given socket.\n\n
\nFor TCP sockets, options
argument should be an object which specifies:\n\n
port
: Port the client should connect to (Required).
host
: Host the client should connect to. Defaults to 'localhost'
.
localAddress
: Local interface to bind to for network connections.
localPort
: Local port to bind to for network connections.
family
: Version of IP stack. Defaults to 4
.
lookup
: Custom lookup function. Defaults to dns.lookup
.
For local domain sockets, options
argument should be an object which\nspecifies:\n\n
path
: Path the client should connect to (Required).Normally this method is not needed, as net.createConnection
opens the\nsocket. Use this only if you are implementing a custom Socket.\n\n
This function is asynchronous. When the ['connect'][] event is emitted the\nsocket is established. If there is a problem connecting, the 'connect'
event\nwill not be emitted, the 'error'
event will be emitted with the exception.\n\n
The connectListener
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['connect'][] event.\n\n
As socket.connect(options[, connectListener]),\nwith options either as either {port: port, host: host}
or {path: path}
.\n\n
As socket.connect(options[, connectListener]),\nwith options either as either {port: port, host: host}
or {path: path}
.\n\n
Set the encoding for the socket as a Readable Stream. See\n[stream.setEncoding()][] for more information.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "encoding", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "socket.write(data[, encoding][, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "write", "desc": "Sends data on the socket. The second parameter specifies the encoding in the\ncase of a string--it defaults to UTF8 encoding.\n\n
\nReturns true
if the entire data was flushed successfully to the kernel\nbuffer. Returns false
if all or part of the data was queued in user memory.\n'drain'
will be emitted when the buffer is again free.\n\n
The optional callback
parameter will be executed when the data is finally\nwritten out - this may not be immediately.\n\n
Half-closes the socket. i.e., it sends a FIN packet. It is possible the\nserver will still send some data.\n\n
\nIf data
is specified, it is equivalent to calling\nsocket.write(data, encoding)
followed by socket.end()
.\n\n
Ensures that no more I/O activity happens on this socket. Only necessary in\ncase of errors (parse error or so).\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "socket.pause()", "type": "method", "name": "pause", "desc": "Pauses the reading of data. That is, 'data'
events will not be emitted.\nUseful to throttle back an upload.\n\n
Resumes reading after a call to pause()
.\n\n
Sets the socket to timeout after timeout
milliseconds of inactivity on\nthe socket. By default net.Socket
do not have a timeout.\n\n
When an idle timeout is triggered the socket will receive a 'timeout'
\nevent but the connection will not be severed. The user must manually end()
\nor destroy()
the socket.\n\n
If timeout
is 0, then the existing idle timeout is disabled.\n\n
The optional callback
parameter will be added as a one time listener for the\n'timeout'
event.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Disables the Nagle algorithm. By default TCP connections use the Nagle\nalgorithm, they buffer data before sending it off. Setting true
for\nnoDelay
will immediately fire off data each time socket.write()
is called.\nnoDelay
defaults to true
.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Enable/disable keep-alive functionality, and optionally set the initial\ndelay before the first keepalive probe is sent on an idle socket.\nenable
defaults to false
.\n\n
Set initialDelay
(in milliseconds) to set the delay between the last\ndata packet received and the first keepalive probe. Setting 0 for\ninitialDelay will leave the value unchanged from the default\n(or previous) setting. Defaults to 0
.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Returns the bound address, the address family name and port of the\nsocket as reported by the operating system. Returns an object with\nthree properties, e.g.\n{ port: 12346, family: 'IPv4', address: '127.0.0.1' }
\n\n
Calling unref
on a socket will allow the program to exit if this is the only\nactive socket in the event system. If the socket is already unref
d calling\nunref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
Opposite of unref
, calling ref
on a previously unref
d socket will not\nlet the program exit if it's the only socket left (the default behavior). If\nthe socket is ref
d calling ref
again will have no effect.\n\n
Returns socket
.\n\n
net.Socket
has the property that socket.write()
always works. This is to\nhelp users get up and running quickly. The computer cannot always keep up\nwith the amount of data that is written to a socket - the network connection\nsimply might be too slow. io.js will internally queue up the data written to a\nsocket and send it out over the wire when it is possible. (Internally it is\npolling on the socket's file descriptor for being writable).\n\n
The consequence of this internal buffering is that memory may grow. This\nproperty shows the number of characters currently buffered to be written.\n(Number of characters is approximately equal to the number of bytes to be\nwritten, but the buffer may contain strings, and the strings are lazily\nencoded, so the exact number of bytes is not known.)\n\n
\nUsers who experience large or growing bufferSize
should attempt to\n"throttle" the data flows in their program with pause()
and resume()
.\n\n\n
The string representation of the remote IP address. For example,\n'74.125.127.100'
or '2001:4860:a005::68'
.\n\n
The string representation of the remote IP family. 'IPv4'
or 'IPv6'
.\n\n
The numeric representation of the remote port. For example,\n80
or 21
.\n\n
The string representation of the local IP address the remote client is\nconnecting on. For example, if you are listening on '0.0.0.0'
and the\nclient connects on '192.168.1.1'
, the value would be '192.168.1.1'
.\n\n
The numeric representation of the local port. For example,\n80
or 21
.\n\n
The amount of received bytes.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "socket.bytesWritten", "name": "bytesWritten", "desc": "The amount of bytes sent.\n\n\n
\nnet.Socket
instances are [EventEmitter][] with the following events:\n\n
Emitted after resolving the hostname but before connecting.\nNot applicable to UNIX sockets.\n\n
\nerr
{Error | Null} The error object. See [dns.lookup()][].address
{String} The IP address.family
{String | Null} The address type. See [dns.lookup()][].Emitted when a socket connection is successfully established.\nSee connect()
.\n\n
Emitted when data is received. The argument data
will be a Buffer
or\nString
. Encoding of data is set by socket.setEncoding()
.\n(See the [Readable Stream][] section for more information.)\n\n
Note that the data will be lost if there is no listener when a Socket
\nemits a 'data'
event.\n\n
Emitted when the other end of the socket sends a FIN packet.\n\n
\nBy default (allowHalfOpen == false
) the socket will destroy its file\ndescriptor once it has written out its pending write queue. However, by\nsetting allowHalfOpen == true
the socket will not automatically end()
\nits side allowing the user to write arbitrary amounts of data, with the\ncaveat that the user is required to end()
their side now.\n\n\n
Emitted if the socket times out from inactivity. This is only to notify that\nthe socket has been idle. The user must manually close the connection.\n\n
\nSee also: socket.setTimeout()
\n\n\n
Emitted when the write buffer becomes empty. Can be used to throttle uploads.\n\n
\nSee also: the return values of socket.write()
\n\n
Emitted when an error occurs. The 'close'
event will be called directly\nfollowing this event.\n\n
Emitted once the socket is fully closed. The argument had_error
is a boolean\nwhich says if the socket was closed due to a transmission error.\n\n
Provides a few basic operating-system related utility functions.\n\n
\nUse require('os')
to access this module.\n\n
Returns the operating system's default directory for temporary files.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.homedir()", "type": "method", "name": "homedir", "desc": "Returns the home directory of the current user.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.endianness()", "type": "method", "name": "endianness", "desc": "Returns the endianness of the CPU. Possible values are 'BE'
for big endian\nor 'LE'
for little endian.\n\n
Returns the hostname of the operating system.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.type()", "type": "method", "name": "type", "desc": "Returns the operating system name. For example 'Linux'
on Linux, 'Darwin'
\non OS X and 'Windows_NT'
on Windows.\n\n
Returns the operating system platform. Possible values are 'darwin'
,\n'freebsd'
, 'linux'
, 'sunos'
or 'win32'
. Returns the value of\nprocess.platform
.\n\n
Returns the operating system CPU architecture. Possible values are 'x64'
,\n'arm'
and 'ia32'
. Returns the value of process.arch
.\n\n
Returns the operating system release.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.uptime()", "type": "method", "name": "uptime", "desc": "Returns the system uptime in seconds.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.loadavg()", "type": "method", "name": "loadavg", "desc": "Returns an array containing the 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.\n\n
\nThe load average is a measure of system activity, calculated by the operating\nsystem and expressed as a fractional number. As a rule of thumb, the load\naverage should ideally be less than the number of logical CPUs in the system.\n\n
\nThe load average is a very UNIX-y concept; there is no real equivalent on\nWindows platforms. That is why this function always returns [0, 0, 0]
on\nWindows.\n\n
Returns the total amount of system memory in bytes.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.freemem()", "type": "method", "name": "freemem", "desc": "Returns the amount of free system memory in bytes.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "os.cpus()", "type": "method", "name": "cpus", "desc": "Returns an array of objects containing information about each CPU/core\ninstalled: model, speed (in MHz), and times (an object containing the number of\nmilliseconds the CPU/core spent in: user, nice, sys, idle, and irq).\n\n
\nExample inspection of os.cpus:\n\n
\n[ { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 252020,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 30340,\n idle: 1070356870,\n irq: 0 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 306960,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 26980,\n idle: 1071569080,\n irq: 0 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 248450,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 21750,\n idle: 1070919370,\n irq: 0 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 256880,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 19430,\n idle: 1070905480,\n irq: 20 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 511580,\n nice: 20,\n sys: 40900,\n idle: 1070842510,\n irq: 0 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 291660,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 34360,\n idle: 1070888000,\n irq: 10 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 308260,\n nice: 0,\n sys: 55410,\n idle: 1071129970,\n irq: 880 } },\n { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU 860 @ 2.80GHz',\n speed: 2926,\n times:\n { user: 266450,\n nice: 1480,\n sys: 34920,\n idle: 1072572010,\n irq: 30 } } ]
\nNote that since nice
values are UNIX centric in Windows the nice
values of\nall processors are always 0.\n\n
Get a list of network interfaces:\n\n
\n{ lo:\n [ { address: '127.0.0.1',\n netmask: '255.0.0.0',\n family: 'IPv4',\n mac: '00:00:00:00:00:00',\n internal: true },\n { address: '::1',\n netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff',\n family: 'IPv6',\n mac: '00:00:00:00:00:00',\n internal: true } ],\n eth0:\n [ { address: '192.168.1.108',\n netmask: '255.255.255.0',\n family: 'IPv4',\n mac: '01:02:03:0a:0b:0c',\n internal: false },\n { address: 'fe80::a00:27ff:fe4e:66a1',\n netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::',\n family: 'IPv6',\n mac: '01:02:03:0a:0b:0c',\n internal: false } ] }
\nNote that due to the underlying implementation this will only return network\ninterfaces that have been assigned an address.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] } ], "properties": [ { "textRaw": "os.EOL", "name": "EOL", "desc": "A constant defining the appropriate End-of-line marker for the operating\nsystem.\n\n
\n" } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "OS" }, { "textRaw": "Path", "name": "path", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "desc": "This module contains utilities for handling and transforming file\npaths. Almost all these methods perform only string transformations.\nThe file system is not consulted to check whether paths are valid.\n\n
\nUse require('path')
to use this module. The following methods are provided:\n\n
Normalize a string path, taking care of '..'
and '.'
parts.\n\n
When multiple slashes are found, they're replaced by a single one;\nwhen the path contains a trailing slash, it is preserved.\nOn Windows backslashes are used.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\npath.normalize('/foo/bar//baz/asdf/quux/..')\n// returns\n'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'
\nNote: If the path string passed as argument is a zero-length string then '.'
\n will be returned, which represents the current working directory.\n\n
Join all arguments together and normalize the resulting path.\n\n
\nArguments must be strings. In v0.8, non-string arguments were\nsilently ignored. In v0.10 and up, an exception is thrown.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\npath.join('/foo', 'bar', 'baz/asdf', 'quux', '..')\n// returns\n'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'\n\npath.join('foo', {}, 'bar')\n// throws exception\nTypeError: Arguments to path.join must be strings
\nNote: If the arguments to join
have zero-length strings, unlike other path\n module functions, they will be ignored. If the joined path string is a\n zero-length string then '.'
will be returned, which represents the\n current working directory.\n\n
Resolves to
to an absolute path.\n\n
If to
isn't already absolute from
arguments are prepended in right to left\norder, until an absolute path is found. If after using all from
paths still\nno absolute path is found, the current working directory is used as well. The\nresulting path is normalized, and trailing slashes are removed unless the path\ngets resolved to the root directory. Non-string from
arguments are ignored.\n\n
Another way to think of it is as a sequence of cd
commands in a shell.\n\n
path.resolve('foo/bar', '/tmp/file/', '..', 'a/../subfile')
\nIs similar to:\n\n
\ncd foo/bar\ncd /tmp/file/\ncd ..\ncd a/../subfile\npwd
\nThe difference is that the different paths don't need to exist and may also be\nfiles.\n\n
\nExamples:\n\n
\npath.resolve('/foo/bar', './baz')\n// returns\n'/foo/bar/baz'\n\npath.resolve('/foo/bar', '/tmp/file/')\n// returns\n'/tmp/file'\n\npath.resolve('wwwroot', 'static_files/png/', '../gif/image.gif')\n// if currently in /home/myself/iojs, it returns\n'/home/myself/iojs/wwwroot/static_files/gif/image.gif'
\nNote: If the arguments to resolve
have zero-length strings then the current\n working directory will be used instead of them.\n\n
Determines whether path
is an absolute path. An absolute path will always\nresolve to the same location, regardless of the working directory.\n\n
Posix examples:\n\n
\npath.isAbsolute('/foo/bar') // true\npath.isAbsolute('/baz/..') // true\npath.isAbsolute('qux/') // false\npath.isAbsolute('.') // false
\nWindows examples:\n\n
\npath.isAbsolute('//server') // true\npath.isAbsolute('C:/foo/..') // true\npath.isAbsolute('bar\\\\baz') // false\npath.isAbsolute('.') // false
\nNote: If the path string passed as parameter is a zero-length string, unlike\n other path module functions, it will be used as-is and false
will be\n returned.\n\n
Solve the relative path from from
to to
.\n\n
At times we have two absolute paths, and we need to derive the relative\npath from one to the other. This is actually the reverse transform of\npath.resolve
, which means we see that:\n\n
path.resolve(from, path.relative(from, to)) == path.resolve(to)
\nExamples:\n\n
\npath.relative('C:\\\\orandea\\\\test\\\\aaa', 'C:\\\\orandea\\\\impl\\\\bbb')\n// returns\n'..\\\\..\\\\impl\\\\bbb'\n\npath.relative('/data/orandea/test/aaa', '/data/orandea/impl/bbb')\n// returns\n'../../impl/bbb'
\nNote: If the arguments to relative
have zero-length strings then the current\n working directory will be used instead of the zero-length strings. If\n both the paths are the same then a zero-length string will be returned.\n\n
Return the directory name of a path. Similar to the Unix dirname
command.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\npath.dirname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux')\n// returns\n'/foo/bar/baz/asdf'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "p"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "path.basename(p[, ext])",
"type": "method",
"name": "basename",
"desc": "Return the last portion of a path. Similar to the Unix basename
command.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\npath.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html')\n// returns\n'quux.html'\n\npath.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/quux.html', '.html')\n// returns\n'quux'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "p"
},
{
"name": "ext",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "path.extname(p)",
"type": "method",
"name": "extname",
"desc": "Return the extension of the path, from the last '.' to end of string\nin the last portion of the path. If there is no '.' in the last portion\nof the path or the first character of it is '.', then it returns\nan empty string. Examples:\n\n
\npath.extname('index.html')\n// returns\n'.html'\n\npath.extname('index.coffee.md')\n// returns\n'.md'\n\npath.extname('index.')\n// returns\n'.'\n\npath.extname('index')\n// returns\n''\n\npath.extname('.index')\n// returns\n''
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "p"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "path.parse(pathString)",
"type": "method",
"name": "parse",
"desc": "Returns an object from a path string.\n\n
\nAn example on *nix:\n\n
\npath.parse('/home/user/dir/file.txt')\n// returns\n{\n root : "/",\n dir : "/home/user/dir",\n base : "file.txt",\n ext : ".txt",\n name : "file"\n}
\nAn example on Windows:\n\n
\npath.parse('C:\\\\path\\\\dir\\\\index.html')\n// returns\n{\n root : "C:\\\\",\n dir : "C:\\\\path\\\\dir",\n base : "index.html",\n ext : ".html",\n name : "index"\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "pathString"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "path.format(pathObject)",
"type": "method",
"name": "format",
"desc": "Returns a path string from an object, the opposite of path.parse
above.\n\n
path.format({\n root : "/",\n dir : "/home/user/dir",\n base : "file.txt",\n ext : ".txt",\n name : "file"\n})\n// returns\n'/home/user/dir/file.txt'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "pathObject"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "path.sep",
"name": "sep",
"desc": "The platform-specific file separator. '\\\\'
or '/'
.\n\n
An example on *nix:\n\n
\n'foo/bar/baz'.split(path.sep)\n// returns\n['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
\nAn example on Windows:\n\n
\n'foo\\\\bar\\\\baz'.split(path.sep)\n// returns\n['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "path.delimiter",
"name": "delimiter",
"desc": "The platform-specific path delimiter, ;
or ':'
.\n\n
An example on *nix:\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.env.PATH)\n// '/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin'\n\nprocess.env.PATH.split(path.delimiter)\n// returns\n['/usr/bin', '/bin', '/usr/sbin', '/sbin', '/usr/local/bin']
\nAn example on Windows:\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.env.PATH)\n// 'C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows;C:\\Program Files\\iojs\\'\n\nprocess.env.PATH.split(path.delimiter)\n// returns\n['C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32', 'C:\\\\Windows', 'C:\\\\Program Files\\\\iojs\\\\']
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "path.posix",
"name": "posix",
"desc": "Provide access to aforementioned path
methods but always interact in a posix\ncompatible way.\n\n
Provide access to aforementioned path
methods but always interact in a win32\ncompatible way.\n\n
Punycode.js is bundled with io.js v1.0.0+ and\nNode.js v0.6.2+. Use require('punycode')
to access it. (To use it with\nother io.js versions, use npm to install the punycode
module first.)\n\n
Converts a Punycode string of ASCII-only symbols to a string of Unicode symbols.\n\n
\n// decode domain name parts\npunycode.decode('maana-pta'); // 'mañana'\npunycode.decode('--dqo34k'); // '☃-⌘'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "string"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "punycode.encode(string)",
"type": "method",
"name": "encode",
"desc": "Converts a string of Unicode symbols to a Punycode string of ASCII-only symbols.\n\n
\n// encode domain name parts\npunycode.encode('mañana'); // 'maana-pta'\npunycode.encode('☃-⌘'); // '--dqo34k'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "string"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "punycode.toUnicode(domain)",
"type": "method",
"name": "toUnicode",
"desc": "Converts a Punycode string representing a domain name to Unicode. Only the\nPunycoded parts of the domain name will be converted, i.e. it doesn't matter if\nyou call it on a string that has already been converted to Unicode.\n\n
\n// decode domain names\npunycode.toUnicode('xn--maana-pta.com'); // 'mañana.com'\npunycode.toUnicode('xn----dqo34k.com'); // '☃-⌘.com'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "domain"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "punycode.toASCII(domain)",
"type": "method",
"name": "toASCII",
"desc": "Converts a Unicode string representing a domain name to Punycode. Only the\nnon-ASCII parts of the domain name will be converted, i.e. it doesn't matter if\nyou call it with a domain that's already in ASCII.\n\n
\n// encode domain names\npunycode.toASCII('mañana.com'); // 'xn--maana-pta.com'\npunycode.toASCII('☃-⌘.com'); // 'xn----dqo34k.com'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "domain"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "punycode.ucs2",
"name": "ucs2",
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "punycode.ucs2.decode(string)",
"name": "punycode.ucs2.decode(string)",
"desc": "Creates an array containing the numeric code point values of each Unicode\nsymbol in the string. While JavaScript uses UCS-2\ninternally, this function\nwill convert a pair of surrogate halves (each of which UCS-2 exposes as\nseparate characters) into a single code point, matching UTF-16.\n\n
\npunycode.ucs2.decode('abc'); // [0x61, 0x62, 0x63]\n// surrogate pair for U+1D306 tetragram for centre:\npunycode.ucs2.decode('\\uD834\\uDF06'); // [0x1D306]
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "punycode.ucs2.decode(string)"
},
{
"textRaw": "punycode.ucs2.encode(codePoints)",
"name": "punycode.ucs2.encode(codepoints)",
"desc": "Creates a string based on an array of numeric code point values.\n\n
\npunycode.ucs2.encode([0x61, 0x62, 0x63]); // 'abc'\npunycode.ucs2.encode([0x1D306]); // '\\uD834\\uDF06'
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "punycode.ucs2.encode(codePoints)"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "punycode.version",
"name": "version",
"desc": "A string representing the current Punycode.js version number.\n\n
\n" } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "punycode" }, { "textRaw": "Query String", "name": "querystring", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "desc": "This module provides utilities for dealing with query strings.\nIt provides the following methods:\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "querystring.stringify(obj[, sep][, eq][, options])", "type": "method", "name": "stringify", "desc": "Serialize an object to a query string.\nOptionally override the default separator ('&'
) and assignment ('='
)\ncharacters.\n\n
Options object may contain encodeURIComponent
property (querystring.escape
by default),\nit can be used to encode string with non-utf8
encoding if necessary.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nquerystring.stringify({ foo: 'bar', baz: ['qux', 'quux'], corge: '' })\n// returns\n'foo=bar&baz=qux&baz=quux&corge='\n\nquerystring.stringify({foo: 'bar', baz: 'qux'}, ';', ':')\n// returns\n'foo:bar;baz:qux'\n\n// Suppose gbkEncodeURIComponent function already exists,\n// it can encode string with `gbk` encoding\nquerystring.stringify({ w: '中文', foo: 'bar' }, null, null,\n { encodeURIComponent: gbkEncodeURIComponent })\n// returns\n'w=%D6%D0%CE%C4&foo=bar'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "obj"
},
{
"name": "sep",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "eq",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "querystring.parse(str[, sep][, eq][, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "parse",
"desc": "Deserialize a query string to an object.\nOptionally override the default separator ('&'
) and assignment ('='
)\ncharacters.\n\n
Options object may contain maxKeys
property (equal to 1000 by default), it'll\nbe used to limit processed keys. Set it to 0 to remove key count limitation.\n\n
Options object may contain decodeURIComponent
property (querystring.unescape
by default),\nit can be used to decode a non-utf8
encoding string if necessary.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nquerystring.parse('foo=bar&baz=qux&baz=quux&corge')\n// returns\n{ foo: 'bar', baz: ['qux', 'quux'], corge: '' }\n\n// Suppose gbkDecodeURIComponent function already exists,\n// it can decode `gbk` encoding string\nquerystring.parse('w=%D6%D0%CE%C4&foo=bar', null, null,\n { decodeURIComponent: gbkDecodeURIComponent })\n// returns\n{ w: '中文', foo: 'bar' }
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "str"
},
{
"name": "sep",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "eq",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
}
],
"properties": [
{
"textRaw": "querystring.escape",
"name": "escape",
"desc": "The escape function used by querystring.stringify
,\nprovided so that it could be overridden if necessary.\n\n
The unescape function used by querystring.parse
,\nprovided so that it could be overridden if necessary.\n\n
It will try to use decodeURIComponent
in the first place,\nbut if that fails it falls back to a safer equivalent that\ndoesn't throw on malformed URLs.\n\n
To use this module, do require('readline')
. Readline allows reading of a\nstream (such as process.stdin
) on a line-by-line basis.\n\n
Note that once you've invoked this module, your io.js program will not\nterminate until you've closed the interface. Here's how to allow your\nprogram to gracefully exit:\n\n
\nvar readline = require('readline');\n\nvar rl = readline.createInterface({\n input: process.stdin,\n output: process.stdout\n});\n\nrl.question("What do you think of io.js? ", function(answer) {\n // TODO: Log the answer in a database\n console.log("Thank you for your valuable feedback:", answer);\n\n rl.close();\n});
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "readline.createInterface(options)",
"type": "method",
"name": "createInterface",
"desc": "Creates a readline Interface
instance. Accepts an "options" Object that takes\nthe following values:\n\n
input
- the readable stream to listen to (Required).
output
- the writable stream to write readline data to (Optional).
completer
- an optional function that is used for Tab autocompletion. See\nbelow for an example of using this.
terminal
- pass true
if the input
and output
streams should be\ntreated like a TTY, and have ANSI/VT100 escape codes written to it.\nDefaults to checking isTTY
on the output
stream upon instantiation.
historySize
- maximum number of history lines retained. Defaults to 30
.
The completer
function is given the current line entered by the user, and\nis supposed to return an Array with 2 entries:\n\n
An Array with matching entries for the completion.
\nThe substring that was used for the matching.
\nWhich ends up looking something like:\n[[substr1, substr2, ...], originalsubstring]
.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nfunction completer(line) {\n var completions = '.help .error .exit .quit .q'.split(' ')\n var hits = completions.filter(function(c) { return c.indexOf(line) == 0 })\n // show all completions if none found\n return [hits.length ? hits : completions, line]\n}
\nAlso completer
can be run in async mode if it accepts two arguments:\n\n
function completer(linePartial, callback) {\n callback(null, [['123'], linePartial]);\n}
\ncreateInterface
is commonly used with process.stdin
and\nprocess.stdout
in order to accept user input:\n\n
var readline = require('readline');\nvar rl = readline.createInterface({\n input: process.stdin,\n output: process.stdout\n});
\nOnce you have a readline instance, you most commonly listen for the\n"line"
event.\n\n
If terminal
is true
for this instance then the output
stream will get\nthe best compatibility if it defines an output.columns
property, and fires\na "resize"
event on the output
if/when the columns ever change\n(process.stdout
does this automatically when it is a TTY).\n\n
Move cursor to the specified position in a given TTY stream.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "stream" }, { "name": "x" }, { "name": "y" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "readline.moveCursor(stream, dx, dy)", "type": "method", "name": "moveCursor", "desc": "Move cursor relative to it's current position in a given TTY stream.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "stream" }, { "name": "dx" }, { "name": "dy" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "readline.clearLine(stream, dir)", "type": "method", "name": "clearLine", "desc": "Clears current line of given TTY stream in a specified direction.\ndir
should have one of following values:\n\n
-1
- to the left from cursor1
- to the right from cursor0
- the entire lineClears the screen from the current position of the cursor down.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "stream" } ] } ] } ], "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: Interface", "type": "class", "name": "Interface", "desc": "The class that represents a readline interface with an input and output\nstream.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "rl.setPrompt(prompt)", "type": "method", "name": "setPrompt", "desc": "Sets the prompt, for example when you run iojs
on the command line, you see\n>
, which is io.js's prompt.\n\n
Readies readline for input from the user, putting the current setPrompt
\noptions on a new line, giving the user a new spot to write. Set preserveCursor
\nto true
to prevent the cursor placement being reset to 0
.\n\n
This will also resume the input
stream used with createInterface
if it has\nbeen paused.\n\n
If output
is set to null
or undefined
when calling createInterface
, the\nprompt is not written.\n\n
Prepends the prompt with query
and invokes callback
with the user's\nresponse. Displays the query to the user, and then invokes callback
\nwith the user's response after it has been typed.\n\n
This will also resume the input
stream used with createInterface
if\nit has been paused.\n\n
If output
is set to null
or undefined
when calling createInterface
,\nnothing is displayed.\n\n
Example usage:\n\n
\ninterface.question('What is your favorite food?', function(answer) {\n console.log('Oh, so your favorite food is ' + answer);\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "query"
},
{
"name": "callback"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "rl.pause()",
"type": "method",
"name": "pause",
"desc": "Pauses the readline input
stream, allowing it to be resumed later if needed.\n\n
Note that this doesn't immediately pause the stream of events. Several events may be emitted after calling pause
, including line
.\n\n
Resumes the readline input
stream.\n\n
Closes the Interface
instance, relinquishing control on the input
and\noutput
streams. The "close" event will also be emitted.\n\n
Writes data
to output
stream, unless output
is set to null
or\nundefined
when calling createInterface
. key
is an object literal to\nrepresent a key sequence; available if the terminal is a TTY.\n\n
This will also resume the input
stream if it has been paused.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\nrl.write('Delete me!');\n// Simulate ctrl+u to delete the line written previously\nrl.write(null, {ctrl: true, name: 'u'});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "data"
},
{
"name": "key",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
],
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "Events",
"name": "events",
"events": [
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'line'",
"type": "event",
"name": "line",
"desc": "function (line) {}
\n\n
Emitted whenever the input
stream receives a \\n
, usually received when the\nuser hits enter, or return. This is a good hook to listen for user input.\n\n
Example of listening for line
:\n\n
rl.on('line', function (cmd) {\n console.log('You just typed: '+cmd);\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'pause'",
"type": "event",
"name": "pause",
"desc": "function () {}
\n\n
Emitted whenever the input
stream is paused.\n\n
Also emitted whenever the input
stream is not paused and receives the\nSIGCONT
event. (See events SIGTSTP
and SIGCONT
)\n\n
Example of listening for pause
:\n\n
rl.on('pause', function() {\n console.log('Readline paused.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'resume'",
"type": "event",
"name": "resume",
"desc": "function () {}
\n\n
Emitted whenever the input
stream is resumed.\n\n
Example of listening for resume
:\n\n
rl.on('resume', function() {\n console.log('Readline resumed.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'close'",
"type": "event",
"name": "close",
"desc": "function () {}
\n\n
Emitted when close()
is called.\n\n
Also emitted when the input
stream receives its "end" event. The Interface
\ninstance should be considered "finished" once this is emitted. For example, when\nthe input
stream receives ^D
, respectively known as EOT
.\n\n
This event is also called if there is no SIGINT
event listener present when\nthe input
stream receives a ^C
, respectively known as SIGINT
.\n\n
function () {}
\n\n
Emitted whenever the input
stream receives a ^C
, respectively known as\nSIGINT
. If there is no SIGINT
event listener present when the input
\nstream receives a SIGINT
, pause
will be triggered.\n\n
Example of listening for SIGINT
:\n\n
rl.on('SIGINT', function() {\n rl.question('Are you sure you want to exit?', function(answer) {\n if (answer.match(/^y(es)?$/i)) rl.pause();\n });\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'SIGTSTP'",
"type": "event",
"name": "SIGTSTP",
"desc": "function () {}
\n\n
This does not work on Windows.\n\n
\nEmitted whenever the input
stream receives a ^Z
, respectively known as\nSIGTSTP
. If there is no SIGTSTP
event listener present when the input
\nstream receives a SIGTSTP
, the program will be sent to the background.\n\n
When the program is resumed with fg
, the pause
and SIGCONT
events will be\nemitted. You can use either to resume the stream.\n\n
The pause
and SIGCONT
events will not be triggered if the stream was paused\nbefore the program was sent to the background.\n\n
Example of listening for SIGTSTP
:\n\n
rl.on('SIGTSTP', function() {\n // This will override SIGTSTP and prevent the program from going to the\n // background.\n console.log('Caught SIGTSTP.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'SIGCONT'",
"type": "event",
"name": "SIGCONT",
"desc": "function () {}
\n\n
This does not work on Windows.\n\n
\nEmitted whenever the input
stream is sent to the background with ^Z
,\nrespectively known as SIGTSTP
, and then continued with fg(1)
. This event\nonly emits if the stream was not paused before sending the program to the\nbackground.\n\n
Example of listening for SIGCONT
:\n\n
rl.on('SIGCONT', function() {\n // `prompt` will automatically resume the stream\n rl.prompt();\n});
\nHere's an example of how to use all these together to craft a tiny command\nline interface:\n\n
\nvar readline = require('readline'),\n rl = readline.createInterface(process.stdin, process.stdout);\n\nrl.setPrompt('OHAI> ');\nrl.prompt();\n\nrl.on('line', function(line) {\n switch(line.trim()) {\n case 'hello':\n console.log('world!');\n break;\n default:\n console.log('Say what? I might have heard `' + line.trim() + '`');\n break;\n }\n rl.prompt();\n}).on('close', function() {\n console.log('Have a great day!');\n process.exit(0);\n});
\n",
"params": []
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Events"
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Readline"
},
{
"textRaw": "REPL",
"name": "repl",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "A Read-Eval-Print-Loop (REPL) is available both as a standalone program and\neasily includable in other programs. The REPL provides a way to interactively\nrun JavaScript and see the results. It can be used for debugging, testing, or\njust trying things out.\n\n
\nBy executing iojs
without any arguments from the command-line you will be\ndropped into the REPL. It has simplistic emacs line-editing.\n\n
mjr:~$ iojs\nType '.help' for options.\n> a = [ 1, 2, 3];\n[ 1, 2, 3 ]\n> a.forEach(function (v) {\n... console.log(v);\n... });\n1\n2\n3
\nFor advanced line-editors, start io.js with the environmental variable\nNODE_NO_READLINE=1
. This will start the main and debugger REPL in canonical\nterminal settings which will allow you to use with rlwrap
.\n\n
For example, you could add this to your bashrc file:\n\n
\nalias iojs="env NODE_NO_READLINE=1 rlwrap iojs"
\n",
"modules": [
{
"textRaw": "Persistent History",
"name": "persistent_history",
"desc": "By default, the REPL will persist history between iojs
REPL sessions by saving\nto a .node_repl_history
file in the user's home directory. This can be\ndisabled by setting the environment variable NODE_REPL_HISTORY=""
.\n\n
Previously in io.js v2.x, REPL history was controlled by using a\nNODE_REPL_HISTORY_FILE
environment variable, and the history was saved in JSON\nformat. This variable has now been deprecated, and your REPL history will\nautomatically be converted to using plain text. The new file will be saved to\neither your home directory, or a directory defined by the NODE_REPL_HISTORY
\nvariable, as documented below.\n\n
The built-in repl (invoked by running iojs
or iojs -i
) may be controlled\nvia the following environment variables:\n\n
NODE_REPL_HISTORY
- When a valid path is given, persistent REPL history\nwill be saved to the specified file rather than .node_repl_history
in the\nuser's home directory. Setting this value to ""
will disable persistent\nREPL history.NODE_REPL_HISTORY_SIZE
- defaults to 1000
. Controls how many lines of\nhistory will be persisted if history is available. Must be a positive number.NODE_REPL_MODE
- may be any of sloppy
, strict
, or magic
. Defaults\nto magic
, which will automatically run "strict mode only" statements in\nstrict mode.Returns and starts a REPLServer
instance, that inherits from\n[Readline Interface][]. Accepts an "options" Object that takes\nthe following values:\n\n
prompt
- the prompt and stream
for all I/O. Defaults to >
.
input
- the readable stream to listen to. Defaults to process.stdin
.
output
- the writable stream to write readline data to. Defaults to\nprocess.stdout
.
terminal
- pass true
if the stream
should be treated like a TTY, and\nhave ANSI/VT100 escape codes written to it. Defaults to checking isTTY
\non the output
stream upon instantiation.
eval
- function that will be used to eval each given line. Defaults to\nan async wrapper for eval()
. See below for an example of a custom eval
.
useColors
- a boolean which specifies whether or not the writer
function\nshould output colors. If a different writer
function is set then this does\nnothing. Defaults to the repl's terminal
value.
useGlobal
- if set to true
, then the repl will use the global
object,\ninstead of running scripts in a separate context. Defaults to false
.
ignoreUndefined
- if set to true
, then the repl will not output the\nreturn value of command if it's undefined
. Defaults to false
.
writer
- the function to invoke for each command that gets evaluated which\nreturns the formatting (including coloring) to display. Defaults to\nutil.inspect
.
replMode
- controls whether the repl runs all commands in strict mode,\ndefault mode, or a hybrid mode ("magic" mode.) Acceptable values are:
repl.REPL_MODE_SLOPPY
- run commands in sloppy mode.repl.REPL_MODE_STRICT
- run commands in strict mode. This is equivalent to\nprefacing every repl statement with 'use strict'
.repl.REPL_MODE_MAGIC
- attempt to run commands in default mode. If they\nfail to parse, re-try in strict mode.You can use your own eval
function if it has following signature:\n\n
function eval(cmd, context, filename, callback) {\n callback(null, result);\n}
\nOn tab completion - eval
will be called with .scope
as an input string. It\nis expected to return an array of scope names to be used for the auto-completion.\n\n
Multiple REPLs may be started against the same running instance of io.js. Each\nwill share the same global object but will have unique I/O.\n\n
\nHere is an example that starts a REPL on stdin, a Unix socket, and a TCP socket:\n\n
\nvar net = require('net'),\n repl = require('repl'),\n connections = 0;\n\nrepl.start({\n prompt: "io.js via stdin> ",\n input: process.stdin,\n output: process.stdout\n});\n\nnet.createServer(function (socket) {\n connections += 1;\n repl.start({\n prompt: "io.js via Unix socket> ",\n input: socket,\n output: socket\n }).on('exit', function() {\n socket.end();\n })\n}).listen("/tmp/iojs-repl-sock");\n\nnet.createServer(function (socket) {\n connections += 1;\n repl.start({\n prompt: "io.js via TCP socket> ",\n input: socket,\n output: socket\n }).on('exit', function() {\n socket.end();\n });\n}).listen(5001);
\nRunning this program from the command line will start a REPL on stdin. Other\nREPL clients may connect through the Unix socket or TCP socket. telnet
is useful\nfor connecting to TCP sockets, and socat
can be used to connect to both Unix and\nTCP sockets.\n\n
By starting a REPL from a Unix socket-based server instead of stdin, you can\nconnect to a long-running io.js process without restarting it.\n\n
\nFor an example of running a "full-featured" (terminal
) REPL over\na net.Server
and net.Socket
instance, see: https://gist.github.com/2209310\n\n
For an example of running a REPL instance over curl(1)
,\nsee: https://gist.github.com/2053342\n\n
function () {}
\n\n
Emitted when the user exits the REPL in any of the defined ways. Namely, typing\n.exit
at the repl, pressing Ctrl+C twice to signal SIGINT, or pressing Ctrl+D\nto signal "end" on the input
stream.\n\n
Example of listening for exit
:\n\n
r.on('exit', function () {\n console.log('Got "exit" event from repl!');\n process.exit();\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'reset'",
"type": "event",
"name": "reset",
"desc": "function (context) {}
\n\n
Emitted when the REPL's context is reset. This happens when you type .clear
.\nIf you start the repl with { useGlobal: true }
then this event will never\nbe emitted.\n\n
Example of listening for reset
:\n\n
// Extend the initial repl context.\nvar r = repl.start({ options ... });\nsomeExtension.extend(r.context);\n\n// When a new context is created extend it as well.\nr.on('reset', function (context) {\n console.log('repl has a new context');\n someExtension.extend(context);\n});
\n",
"params": []
}
],
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"miscs": [
{
"textRaw": "REPL Features",
"name": "REPL Features",
"type": "misc",
"desc": "Inside the REPL, Control+D will exit. Multi-line expressions can be input.\nTab completion is supported for both global and local variables.\n\n
\nCore modules will be loaded on-demand into the environment. For example,\naccessing fs
will require()
the fs
module as global.fs
.\n\n
The special variable _
(underscore) contains the result of the last expression.\n\n
> [ 'a', 'b', 'c' ]\n[ 'a', 'b', 'c' ]\n> _.length\n3\n> _ += 1\n4
\nThe REPL provides access to any variables in the global scope. You can expose\na variable to the REPL explicitly by assigning it to the context
object\nassociated with each REPLServer
. For example:\n\n
// repl_test.js\nvar repl = require('repl'),\n msg = 'message';\n\nrepl.start('> ').context.m = msg;
\nThings in the context
object appear as local within the REPL:\n\n
mjr:~$ iojs repl_test.js\n> m\n'message'
\nThere are a few special REPL commands:\n\n
\n.break
- While inputting a multi-line expression, sometimes you get lost\nor just don't care about completing it. .break
will start over..clear
- Resets the context
object to an empty object and clears any\nmulti-line expression..exit
- Close the I/O stream, which will cause the REPL to exit..help
- Show this list of special commands..save
- Save the current REPL session to a file\n\n.save ./file/to/save.js
\n
.load
- Load a file into the current REPL session.\n\n.load ./file/to/load.js
\n
The following key combinations in the REPL have these special effects:\n\n
\n<ctrl>C
- Similar to the .break
keyword. Terminates the current\ncommand. Press twice on a blank line to forcibly exit.<ctrl>D
- Similar to the .exit
keyword.<tab>
- Show both global and local(scope) variablesThe REPL module internally uses\n[util.inspect()][], when printing values. However, util.inspect
delegates the\n call to the object's inspect()
function, if it has one. You can read more\n about this delegation [here][].\n\n
For example, if you have defined an inspect()
function on an object, like this:\n\n
> var obj = { foo: 'this will not show up in the inspect() output' };\nundefined\n> obj.inspect = function() {\n... return { bar: 'baz' };\n... };\n[Function]
\nand try to print obj
in REPL, it will invoke the custom inspect()
function:\n\n
> obj\n{ bar: 'baz' }
\n",
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Customizing Object displays in the REPL"
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "REPL"
},
{
"textRaw": "Stream",
"name": "stream",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "A stream is an abstract interface implemented by various objects in\nio.js. For example a request to an HTTP\nserver is a stream, as is\n[stdout][]. Streams are readable, writable, or both. All streams are\ninstances of [EventEmitter][]\n\n
\nYou can load the Stream base classes by doing require('stream')
.\nThere are base classes provided for [Readable][] streams, [Writable][]\nstreams, [Duplex][] streams, and [Transform][] streams.\n\n
This document is split up into 3 sections. The first explains the\nparts of the API that you need to be aware of to use streams in your\nprograms. If you never implement a streaming API yourself, you can\nstop there.\n\n
\nThe second section explains the parts of the API that you need to use\nif you implement your own custom streams yourself. The API is\ndesigned to make this easy for you to do.\n\n
\nThe third section goes into more depth about how streams work,\nincluding some of the internal mechanisms and functions that you\nshould probably not modify unless you definitely know what you are\ndoing.\n\n\n
\n", "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Readable", "type": "class", "name": "stream.Readable", "desc": "The Readable stream interface is the abstraction for a source of\ndata that you are reading from. In other words, data comes out of a\nReadable stream.\n\n
\nA Readable stream will not start emitting data until you indicate that\nyou are ready to receive it.\n\n
\nReadable streams have two "modes": a flowing mode and a paused\nmode. When in flowing mode, data is read from the underlying system\nand provided to your program as fast as possible. In paused mode, you\nmust explicitly call stream.read()
to get chunks of data out.\nStreams start out in paused mode.\n\n
Note: If no data event handlers are attached, and there are no\n[pipe()
][] destinations, and the stream is switched into flowing\nmode, then data will be lost.\n\n
You can switch to flowing mode by doing any of the following:\n\n
\n'data'
event][] handler to listen for data.resume()
][] method to explicitly open the flow.pipe()
][] method to send the data to a [Writable][].You can switch back to paused mode by doing either of the following:\n\n
\npause()
][]\nmethod.'data'
event][]\nhandlers, and removing all pipe destinations by calling the\n[unpipe()
][] method.Note that, for backwards compatibility reasons, removing 'data'
\nevent handlers will not automatically pause the stream. Also, if\nthere are piped destinations, then calling pause()
will not\nguarantee that the stream will remain paused once those\ndestinations drain and ask for more data.\n\n
Examples of readable streams include:\n\n
\nWhen a chunk of data can be read from the stream, it will emit a\n'readable'
event.\n\n
In some cases, listening for a 'readable'
event will cause some data\nto be read into the internal buffer from the underlying system, if it\nhadn't already.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('readable', function() {\n // there is some data to read now\n});
\nOnce the internal buffer is drained, a readable
event will fire\nagain when more data is available.\n\n
The readable
event is not emitted in the "flowing" mode with the\nsole exception of the last one, on end-of-stream.\n\n
The 'readable' event indicates that the stream has new information:\neither new data is available or the end of the stream has been reached.\nIn the former case, .read()
will return that data. In the latter case,\n.read()
will return null. For instance, in the following example, foo.txt
\nis an empty file:\n\n
var fs = require('fs');\nvar rr = fs.createReadStream('foo.txt');\nrr.on('readable', function() {\n console.log('readable:', rr.read());\n});\nrr.on('end', function() {\n console.log('end');\n});
\nThe output of running this script is:\n\n
\nbash-3.2$ node test.js\nreadable: null\nend
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'data'",
"type": "event",
"name": "data",
"params": [],
"desc": "Attaching a data
event listener to a stream that has not been\nexplicitly paused will switch the stream into flowing mode. Data will\nthen be passed as soon as it is available.\n\n
If you just want to get all the data out of the stream as fast as\npossible, this is the best way to do so.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'end'",
"type": "event",
"name": "end",
"desc": "This event fires when there will be no more data to read.\n\n
\nNote that the end
event will not fire unless the data is\ncompletely consumed. This can be done by switching into flowing mode,\nor by calling read()
repeatedly until you get to the end.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n});\nreadable.on('end', function() {\n console.log('there will be no more data.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'close'",
"type": "event",
"name": "close",
"desc": "Emitted when the stream and any of its underlying resources (a file\ndescriptor, for example) have been closed. The event indicates that\nno more events will be emitted, and no further computation will occur.\n\n
\nNot all streams will emit the 'close' event.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'error'", "type": "event", "name": "error", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted if there was an error receiving data.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "readable.read([size])", "type": "method", "name": "read", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "Return {String | Buffer | null} ", "name": "return", "type": "String | Buffer | null" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`size` {Number} Optional argument to specify how much data to read. ", "name": "size", "type": "Number", "desc": "Optional argument to specify how much data to read.", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "size", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "The read()
method pulls some data out of the internal buffer and\nreturns it. If there is no data available, then it will return\nnull
.\n\n
If you pass in a size
argument, then it will return that many\nbytes. If size
bytes are not available, then it will return null
,\nunless we've ended, in which case it will return the data remaining\nin the buffer.\n\n
If you do not specify a size
argument, then it will return all the\ndata in the internal buffer.\n\n
This method should only be called in paused mode. In flowing mode,\nthis method is called automatically until the internal buffer is\ndrained.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('readable', function() {\n var chunk;\n while (null !== (chunk = readable.read())) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n }\n});
\nIf this method returns a data chunk, then it will also trigger the\nemission of a ['data'
event][].\n\n
Note that calling readable.read([size])
after the end
event has been\ntriggered will return null
. No runtime error will be raised.\n\n
Call this function to cause the stream to return strings of the\nspecified encoding instead of Buffer objects. For example, if you do\nreadable.setEncoding('utf8')
, then the output data will be\ninterpreted as UTF-8 data, and returned as strings. If you do\nreadable.setEncoding('hex')
, then the data will be encoded in\nhexadecimal string format.\n\n
This properly handles multi-byte characters that would otherwise be\npotentially mangled if you simply pulled the Buffers directly and\ncalled buf.toString(encoding)
on them. If you want to read the data\nas strings, always use this method.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.setEncoding('utf8');\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n assert.equal(typeof chunk, 'string');\n console.log('got %d characters of string data', chunk.length);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.resume()",
"type": "method",
"name": "resume",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `this` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`this`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method will cause the readable stream to resume emitting data
\nevents.\n\n
This method will switch the stream into flowing mode. If you do not\nwant to consume the data from a stream, but you do want to get to\nits end
event, you can call [readable.resume()
][] to open the flow of\ndata.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.resume();\nreadable.on('end', function() {\n console.log('got to the end, but did not read anything');\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.pause()",
"type": "method",
"name": "pause",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `this` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`this`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method will cause a stream in flowing mode to stop emitting\ndata
events, switching out of flowing mode. Any data that becomes\navailable will remain in the internal buffer.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n readable.pause();\n console.log('there will be no more data for 1 second');\n setTimeout(function() {\n console.log('now data will start flowing again');\n readable.resume();\n }, 1000);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.isPaused()",
"type": "method",
"name": "isPaused",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `Boolean` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`Boolean`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method returns whether or not the readable
has been explicitly\npaused by client code (using readable.pause()
without a corresponding\nreadable.resume()
).\n\n
var readable = new stream.Readable\n\nreadable.isPaused() // === false\nreadable.pause()\nreadable.isPaused() // === true\nreadable.resume()\nreadable.isPaused() // === false
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.pipe(destination[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "pipe",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`destination` {[Writable][] Stream} The destination for writing data ",
"name": "destination",
"type": "[Writable][] Stream",
"desc": "The destination for writing data"
},
{
"textRaw": "`options` {Object} Pipe options ",
"options": [
{
"textRaw": "`end` {Boolean} End the writer when the reader ends. Default = `true` ",
"name": "end",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "End the writer when the reader ends. Default = `true`"
}
],
"name": "options",
"type": "Object",
"desc": "Pipe options",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "destination"
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This method pulls all the data out of a readable stream, and writes it\nto the supplied destination, automatically managing the flow so that\nthe destination is not overwhelmed by a fast readable stream.\n\n
\nMultiple destinations can be piped to safely.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nvar writable = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt');\n// All the data from readable goes into 'file.txt'\nreadable.pipe(writable);
\nThis function returns the destination stream, so you can set up pipe\nchains like so:\n\n
\nvar r = fs.createReadStream('file.txt');\nvar z = zlib.createGzip();\nvar w = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt.gz');\nr.pipe(z).pipe(w);
\nFor example, emulating the Unix cat
command:\n\n
process.stdin.pipe(process.stdout);
\nBy default [end()
][] is called on the destination when the source stream\nemits end
, so that destination
is no longer writable. Pass { end:\nfalse }
as options
to keep the destination stream open.\n\n
This keeps writer
open so that "Goodbye" can be written at the\nend.\n\n
reader.pipe(writer, { end: false });\nreader.on('end', function() {\n writer.end('Goodbye\\n');\n});
\nNote that process.stderr
and process.stdout
are never closed until\nthe process exits, regardless of the specified options.\n\n
This method will remove the hooks set up for a previous pipe()
call.\n\n
If the destination is not specified, then all pipes are removed.\n\n
\nIf the destination is specified, but no pipe is set up for it, then\nthis is a no-op.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nvar writable = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt');\n// All the data from readable goes into 'file.txt',\n// but only for the first second\nreadable.pipe(writable);\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('stop writing to file.txt');\n readable.unpipe(writable);\n console.log('manually close the file stream');\n writable.end();\n}, 1000);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.unshift(chunk)",
"type": "method",
"name": "unshift",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`chunk` {Buffer | String} Chunk of data to unshift onto the read queue ",
"name": "chunk",
"type": "Buffer | String",
"desc": "Chunk of data to unshift onto the read queue"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "chunk"
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This is useful in certain cases where a stream is being consumed by a\nparser, which needs to "un-consume" some data that it has\noptimistically pulled out of the source, so that the stream can be\npassed on to some other party.\n\n
\nNote that stream.unshift(chunk)
cannot be called after the end
event\nhas been triggered; a runtime error will be raised.\n\n
If you find that you must often call stream.unshift(chunk)
in your\nprograms, consider implementing a [Transform][] stream instead. (See API\nfor Stream Implementors, below.)\n\n
// Pull off a header delimited by \\n\\n\n// use unshift() if we get too much\n// Call the callback with (error, header, stream)\nvar StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder;\nfunction parseHeader(stream, callback) {\n stream.on('error', callback);\n stream.on('readable', onReadable);\n var decoder = new StringDecoder('utf8');\n var header = '';\n function onReadable() {\n var chunk;\n while (null !== (chunk = stream.read())) {\n var str = decoder.write(chunk);\n if (str.match(/\\n\\n/)) {\n // found the header boundary\n var split = str.split(/\\n\\n/);\n header += split.shift();\n var remaining = split.join('\\n\\n');\n var buf = new Buffer(remaining, 'utf8');\n if (buf.length)\n stream.unshift(buf);\n stream.removeListener('error', callback);\n stream.removeListener('readable', onReadable);\n // now the body of the message can be read from the stream.\n callback(null, header, stream);\n } else {\n // still reading the header.\n header += str;\n }\n }\n }\n}
\nNote that, unlike stream.push(chunk)
, stream.unshift(chunk)
will not\nend the reading process by resetting the internal reading state of the\nstream. This can cause unexpected results if unshift
is called during a\nread (i.e. from within a _read
implementation on a custom stream). Following\nthe call to unshift
with an immediate stream.push('')
will reset the\nreading state appropriately, however it is best to simply avoid calling\nunshift
while in the process of performing a read.\n\n
Versions of Node.js prior to v0.10 had streams that did not implement the\nentire Streams API as it is today. (See "Compatibility" below for\nmore information.)\n\n
\nIf you are using an older io.js library that emits 'data'
events and\nhas a [pause()
][] method that is advisory only, then you can use the\nwrap()
method to create a [Readable][] stream that uses the old stream\nas its data source.\n\n
You will very rarely ever need to call this function, but it exists\nas a convenience for interacting with old io.js programs and libraries.\n\n
\nFor example:\n\n
\nvar OldReader = require('./old-api-module.js').OldReader;\nvar oreader = new OldReader;\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar myReader = new Readable().wrap(oreader);\n\nmyReader.on('readable', function() {\n myReader.read(); // etc.\n});
\n"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.Writable",
"type": "class",
"name": "stream.Writable",
"desc": "The Writable stream interface is an abstraction for a destination\nthat you are writing data to.\n\n
\nExamples of writable streams include:\n\n
\nThis method writes some data to the underlying system, and calls the\nsupplied callback once the data has been fully handled.\n\n
\nThe return value indicates if you should continue writing right now.\nIf the data had to be buffered internally, then it will return\nfalse
. Otherwise, it will return true
.\n\n
This return value is strictly advisory. You MAY continue to write,\neven if it returns false
. However, writes will be buffered in\nmemory, so it is best not to do this excessively. Instead, wait for\nthe drain
event before writing more data.\n\n
Forces buffering of all writes.\n\n
\nBuffered data will be flushed either at .uncork()
or at .end()
call.\n\n
Flush all data, buffered since .cork()
call.\n\n
Sets the default encoding for a writable stream.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "writable.end([chunk][, encoding][, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "end", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`chunk` {String | Buffer} Optional data to write ", "name": "chunk", "type": "String | Buffer", "desc": "Optional data to write", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} The encoding, if `chunk` is a String ", "name": "encoding", "type": "String", "desc": "The encoding, if `chunk` is a String", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Optional callback for when the stream is finished ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Optional callback for when the stream is finished", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "chunk", "optional": true }, { "name": "encoding", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "Call this method when no more data will be written to the stream. If\nsupplied, the callback is attached as a listener on the finish
event.\n\n
Calling [write()
][] after calling [end()
][] will raise an error.\n\n
// write 'hello, ' and then end with 'world!'\nvar file = fs.createWriteStream('example.txt');\nfile.write('hello, ');\nfile.end('world!');\n// writing more now is not allowed!
\n"
}
],
"events": [
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'drain'",
"type": "event",
"name": "drain",
"desc": "If a [writable.write(chunk)
][] call returns false, then the drain
\nevent will indicate when it is appropriate to begin writing more data\nto the stream.\n\n
// Write the data to the supplied writable stream one million times.\n// Be attentive to back-pressure.\nfunction writeOneMillionTimes(writer, data, encoding, callback) {\n var i = 1000000;\n write();\n function write() {\n var ok = true;\n do {\n i -= 1;\n if (i === 0) {\n // last time!\n writer.write(data, encoding, callback);\n } else {\n // see if we should continue, or wait\n // don't pass the callback, because we're not done yet.\n ok = writer.write(data, encoding);\n }\n } while (i > 0 && ok);\n if (i > 0) {\n // had to stop early!\n // write some more once it drains\n writer.once('drain', write);\n }\n }\n}
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'finish'",
"type": "event",
"name": "finish",
"desc": "When the [end()
][] method has been called, and all data has been flushed\nto the underlying system, this event is emitted.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nfor (var i = 0; i < 100; i ++) {\n writer.write('hello, #' + i + '!\\n');\n}\nwriter.end('this is the end\\n');\nwriter.on('finish', function() {\n console.error('all writes are now complete.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'pipe'",
"type": "event",
"name": "pipe",
"params": [],
"desc": "This is emitted whenever the pipe()
method is called on a readable\nstream, adding this writable to its set of destinations.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nvar reader = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nwriter.on('pipe', function(src) {\n console.error('something is piping into the writer');\n assert.equal(src, reader);\n});\nreader.pipe(writer);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'unpipe'",
"type": "event",
"name": "unpipe",
"params": [],
"desc": "This is emitted whenever the [unpipe()
][] method is called on a\nreadable stream, removing this writable from its set of destinations.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nvar reader = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nwriter.on('unpipe', function(src) {\n console.error('something has stopped piping into the writer');\n assert.equal(src, reader);\n});\nreader.pipe(writer);\nreader.unpipe(writer);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'error'",
"type": "event",
"name": "error",
"params": [],
"desc": "Emitted if there was an error when writing or piping data.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Duplex", "type": "class", "name": "stream.Duplex", "desc": "Duplex streams are streams that implement both the [Readable][] and\n[Writable][] interfaces. See above for usage.\n\n
\nExamples of Duplex streams include:\n\n
\nTransform streams are [Duplex][] streams where the output is in some way\ncomputed from the input. They implement both the [Readable][] and\n[Writable][] interfaces. See above for usage.\n\n
\nExamples of Transform streams include:\n\n
\nStreams can be either [Readable][], [Writable][], or both ([Duplex][]).\n\n
\nAll streams are EventEmitters, but they also have other custom methods\nand properties depending on whether they are Readable, Writable, or\nDuplex.\n\n
\nIf a stream is both Readable and Writable, then it implements all of\nthe methods and events below. So, a [Duplex][] or [Transform][] stream is\nfully described by this API, though their implementation may be\nsomewhat different.\n\n
\nIt is not necessary to implement Stream interfaces in order to consume\nstreams in your programs. If you are implementing streaming\ninterfaces in your own program, please also refer to\n[API for Stream Implementors][] below.\n\n
\nAlmost all io.js programs, no matter how simple, use Streams in some\nway. Here is an example of using Streams in an io.js program:\n\n
\nvar http = require('http');\n\nvar server = http.createServer(function (req, res) {\n // req is an http.IncomingMessage, which is a Readable Stream\n // res is an http.ServerResponse, which is a Writable Stream\n\n var body = '';\n // we want to get the data as utf8 strings\n // If you don't set an encoding, then you'll get Buffer objects\n req.setEncoding('utf8');\n\n // Readable streams emit 'data' events once a listener is added\n req.on('data', function (chunk) {\n body += chunk;\n });\n\n // the end event tells you that you have entire body\n req.on('end', function () {\n try {\n var data = JSON.parse(body);\n } catch (er) {\n // uh oh! bad json!\n res.statusCode = 400;\n return res.end('error: ' + er.message);\n }\n\n // write back something interesting to the user:\n res.write(typeof data);\n res.end();\n });\n});\n\nserver.listen(1337);\n\n// $ curl localhost:1337 -d '{}'\n// object\n// $ curl localhost:1337 -d '"foo"'\n// string\n// $ curl localhost:1337 -d 'not json'\n// error: Unexpected token o
\n",
"classes": [
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.Readable",
"type": "class",
"name": "stream.Readable",
"desc": "The Readable stream interface is the abstraction for a source of\ndata that you are reading from. In other words, data comes out of a\nReadable stream.\n\n
\nA Readable stream will not start emitting data until you indicate that\nyou are ready to receive it.\n\n
\nReadable streams have two "modes": a flowing mode and a paused\nmode. When in flowing mode, data is read from the underlying system\nand provided to your program as fast as possible. In paused mode, you\nmust explicitly call stream.read()
to get chunks of data out.\nStreams start out in paused mode.\n\n
Note: If no data event handlers are attached, and there are no\n[pipe()
][] destinations, and the stream is switched into flowing\nmode, then data will be lost.\n\n
You can switch to flowing mode by doing any of the following:\n\n
\n'data'
event][] handler to listen for data.resume()
][] method to explicitly open the flow.pipe()
][] method to send the data to a [Writable][].You can switch back to paused mode by doing either of the following:\n\n
\npause()
][]\nmethod.'data'
event][]\nhandlers, and removing all pipe destinations by calling the\n[unpipe()
][] method.Note that, for backwards compatibility reasons, removing 'data'
\nevent handlers will not automatically pause the stream. Also, if\nthere are piped destinations, then calling pause()
will not\nguarantee that the stream will remain paused once those\ndestinations drain and ask for more data.\n\n
Examples of readable streams include:\n\n
\nWhen a chunk of data can be read from the stream, it will emit a\n'readable'
event.\n\n
In some cases, listening for a 'readable'
event will cause some data\nto be read into the internal buffer from the underlying system, if it\nhadn't already.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('readable', function() {\n // there is some data to read now\n});
\nOnce the internal buffer is drained, a readable
event will fire\nagain when more data is available.\n\n
The readable
event is not emitted in the "flowing" mode with the\nsole exception of the last one, on end-of-stream.\n\n
The 'readable' event indicates that the stream has new information:\neither new data is available or the end of the stream has been reached.\nIn the former case, .read()
will return that data. In the latter case,\n.read()
will return null. For instance, in the following example, foo.txt
\nis an empty file:\n\n
var fs = require('fs');\nvar rr = fs.createReadStream('foo.txt');\nrr.on('readable', function() {\n console.log('readable:', rr.read());\n});\nrr.on('end', function() {\n console.log('end');\n});
\nThe output of running this script is:\n\n
\nbash-3.2$ node test.js\nreadable: null\nend
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'data'",
"type": "event",
"name": "data",
"params": [],
"desc": "Attaching a data
event listener to a stream that has not been\nexplicitly paused will switch the stream into flowing mode. Data will\nthen be passed as soon as it is available.\n\n
If you just want to get all the data out of the stream as fast as\npossible, this is the best way to do so.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'end'",
"type": "event",
"name": "end",
"desc": "This event fires when there will be no more data to read.\n\n
\nNote that the end
event will not fire unless the data is\ncompletely consumed. This can be done by switching into flowing mode,\nor by calling read()
repeatedly until you get to the end.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n});\nreadable.on('end', function() {\n console.log('there will be no more data.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'close'",
"type": "event",
"name": "close",
"desc": "Emitted when the stream and any of its underlying resources (a file\ndescriptor, for example) have been closed. The event indicates that\nno more events will be emitted, and no further computation will occur.\n\n
\nNot all streams will emit the 'close' event.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'error'", "type": "event", "name": "error", "params": [], "desc": "Emitted if there was an error receiving data.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "readable.read([size])", "type": "method", "name": "read", "signatures": [ { "return": { "textRaw": "Return {String | Buffer | null} ", "name": "return", "type": "String | Buffer | null" }, "params": [ { "textRaw": "`size` {Number} Optional argument to specify how much data to read. ", "name": "size", "type": "Number", "desc": "Optional argument to specify how much data to read.", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "size", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "The read()
method pulls some data out of the internal buffer and\nreturns it. If there is no data available, then it will return\nnull
.\n\n
If you pass in a size
argument, then it will return that many\nbytes. If size
bytes are not available, then it will return null
,\nunless we've ended, in which case it will return the data remaining\nin the buffer.\n\n
If you do not specify a size
argument, then it will return all the\ndata in the internal buffer.\n\n
This method should only be called in paused mode. In flowing mode,\nthis method is called automatically until the internal buffer is\ndrained.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('readable', function() {\n var chunk;\n while (null !== (chunk = readable.read())) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n }\n});
\nIf this method returns a data chunk, then it will also trigger the\nemission of a ['data'
event][].\n\n
Note that calling readable.read([size])
after the end
event has been\ntriggered will return null
. No runtime error will be raised.\n\n
Call this function to cause the stream to return strings of the\nspecified encoding instead of Buffer objects. For example, if you do\nreadable.setEncoding('utf8')
, then the output data will be\ninterpreted as UTF-8 data, and returned as strings. If you do\nreadable.setEncoding('hex')
, then the data will be encoded in\nhexadecimal string format.\n\n
This properly handles multi-byte characters that would otherwise be\npotentially mangled if you simply pulled the Buffers directly and\ncalled buf.toString(encoding)
on them. If you want to read the data\nas strings, always use this method.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.setEncoding('utf8');\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n assert.equal(typeof chunk, 'string');\n console.log('got %d characters of string data', chunk.length);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.resume()",
"type": "method",
"name": "resume",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `this` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`this`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method will cause the readable stream to resume emitting data
\nevents.\n\n
This method will switch the stream into flowing mode. If you do not\nwant to consume the data from a stream, but you do want to get to\nits end
event, you can call [readable.resume()
][] to open the flow of\ndata.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.resume();\nreadable.on('end', function() {\n console.log('got to the end, but did not read anything');\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.pause()",
"type": "method",
"name": "pause",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `this` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`this`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method will cause a stream in flowing mode to stop emitting\ndata
events, switching out of flowing mode. Any data that becomes\navailable will remain in the internal buffer.\n\n
var readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nreadable.on('data', function(chunk) {\n console.log('got %d bytes of data', chunk.length);\n readable.pause();\n console.log('there will be no more data for 1 second');\n setTimeout(function() {\n console.log('now data will start flowing again');\n readable.resume();\n }, 1000);\n});
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.isPaused()",
"type": "method",
"name": "isPaused",
"signatures": [
{
"return": {
"textRaw": "Return: `Boolean` ",
"name": "return",
"desc": "`Boolean`"
},
"params": []
},
{
"params": []
}
],
"desc": "This method returns whether or not the readable
has been explicitly\npaused by client code (using readable.pause()
without a corresponding\nreadable.resume()
).\n\n
var readable = new stream.Readable\n\nreadable.isPaused() // === false\nreadable.pause()\nreadable.isPaused() // === true\nreadable.resume()\nreadable.isPaused() // === false
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.pipe(destination[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "pipe",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`destination` {[Writable][] Stream} The destination for writing data ",
"name": "destination",
"type": "[Writable][] Stream",
"desc": "The destination for writing data"
},
{
"textRaw": "`options` {Object} Pipe options ",
"options": [
{
"textRaw": "`end` {Boolean} End the writer when the reader ends. Default = `true` ",
"name": "end",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "End the writer when the reader ends. Default = `true`"
}
],
"name": "options",
"type": "Object",
"desc": "Pipe options",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "destination"
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This method pulls all the data out of a readable stream, and writes it\nto the supplied destination, automatically managing the flow so that\nthe destination is not overwhelmed by a fast readable stream.\n\n
\nMultiple destinations can be piped to safely.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nvar writable = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt');\n// All the data from readable goes into 'file.txt'\nreadable.pipe(writable);
\nThis function returns the destination stream, so you can set up pipe\nchains like so:\n\n
\nvar r = fs.createReadStream('file.txt');\nvar z = zlib.createGzip();\nvar w = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt.gz');\nr.pipe(z).pipe(w);
\nFor example, emulating the Unix cat
command:\n\n
process.stdin.pipe(process.stdout);
\nBy default [end()
][] is called on the destination when the source stream\nemits end
, so that destination
is no longer writable. Pass { end:\nfalse }
as options
to keep the destination stream open.\n\n
This keeps writer
open so that "Goodbye" can be written at the\nend.\n\n
reader.pipe(writer, { end: false });\nreader.on('end', function() {\n writer.end('Goodbye\\n');\n});
\nNote that process.stderr
and process.stdout
are never closed until\nthe process exits, regardless of the specified options.\n\n
This method will remove the hooks set up for a previous pipe()
call.\n\n
If the destination is not specified, then all pipes are removed.\n\n
\nIf the destination is specified, but no pipe is set up for it, then\nthis is a no-op.\n\n
\nvar readable = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nvar writable = fs.createWriteStream('file.txt');\n// All the data from readable goes into 'file.txt',\n// but only for the first second\nreadable.pipe(writable);\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('stop writing to file.txt');\n readable.unpipe(writable);\n console.log('manually close the file stream');\n writable.end();\n}, 1000);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "readable.unshift(chunk)",
"type": "method",
"name": "unshift",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`chunk` {Buffer | String} Chunk of data to unshift onto the read queue ",
"name": "chunk",
"type": "Buffer | String",
"desc": "Chunk of data to unshift onto the read queue"
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "chunk"
}
]
}
],
"desc": "This is useful in certain cases where a stream is being consumed by a\nparser, which needs to "un-consume" some data that it has\noptimistically pulled out of the source, so that the stream can be\npassed on to some other party.\n\n
\nNote that stream.unshift(chunk)
cannot be called after the end
event\nhas been triggered; a runtime error will be raised.\n\n
If you find that you must often call stream.unshift(chunk)
in your\nprograms, consider implementing a [Transform][] stream instead. (See API\nfor Stream Implementors, below.)\n\n
// Pull off a header delimited by \\n\\n\n// use unshift() if we get too much\n// Call the callback with (error, header, stream)\nvar StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder;\nfunction parseHeader(stream, callback) {\n stream.on('error', callback);\n stream.on('readable', onReadable);\n var decoder = new StringDecoder('utf8');\n var header = '';\n function onReadable() {\n var chunk;\n while (null !== (chunk = stream.read())) {\n var str = decoder.write(chunk);\n if (str.match(/\\n\\n/)) {\n // found the header boundary\n var split = str.split(/\\n\\n/);\n header += split.shift();\n var remaining = split.join('\\n\\n');\n var buf = new Buffer(remaining, 'utf8');\n if (buf.length)\n stream.unshift(buf);\n stream.removeListener('error', callback);\n stream.removeListener('readable', onReadable);\n // now the body of the message can be read from the stream.\n callback(null, header, stream);\n } else {\n // still reading the header.\n header += str;\n }\n }\n }\n}
\nNote that, unlike stream.push(chunk)
, stream.unshift(chunk)
will not\nend the reading process by resetting the internal reading state of the\nstream. This can cause unexpected results if unshift
is called during a\nread (i.e. from within a _read
implementation on a custom stream). Following\nthe call to unshift
with an immediate stream.push('')
will reset the\nreading state appropriately, however it is best to simply avoid calling\nunshift
while in the process of performing a read.\n\n
Versions of Node.js prior to v0.10 had streams that did not implement the\nentire Streams API as it is today. (See "Compatibility" below for\nmore information.)\n\n
\nIf you are using an older io.js library that emits 'data'
events and\nhas a [pause()
][] method that is advisory only, then you can use the\nwrap()
method to create a [Readable][] stream that uses the old stream\nas its data source.\n\n
You will very rarely ever need to call this function, but it exists\nas a convenience for interacting with old io.js programs and libraries.\n\n
\nFor example:\n\n
\nvar OldReader = require('./old-api-module.js').OldReader;\nvar oreader = new OldReader;\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar myReader = new Readable().wrap(oreader);\n\nmyReader.on('readable', function() {\n myReader.read(); // etc.\n});
\n"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.Writable",
"type": "class",
"name": "stream.Writable",
"desc": "The Writable stream interface is an abstraction for a destination\nthat you are writing data to.\n\n
\nExamples of writable streams include:\n\n
\nThis method writes some data to the underlying system, and calls the\nsupplied callback once the data has been fully handled.\n\n
\nThe return value indicates if you should continue writing right now.\nIf the data had to be buffered internally, then it will return\nfalse
. Otherwise, it will return true
.\n\n
This return value is strictly advisory. You MAY continue to write,\neven if it returns false
. However, writes will be buffered in\nmemory, so it is best not to do this excessively. Instead, wait for\nthe drain
event before writing more data.\n\n
Forces buffering of all writes.\n\n
\nBuffered data will be flushed either at .uncork()
or at .end()
call.\n\n
Flush all data, buffered since .cork()
call.\n\n
Sets the default encoding for a writable stream.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "writable.end([chunk][, encoding][, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "end", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`chunk` {String | Buffer} Optional data to write ", "name": "chunk", "type": "String | Buffer", "desc": "Optional data to write", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} The encoding, if `chunk` is a String ", "name": "encoding", "type": "String", "desc": "The encoding, if `chunk` is a String", "optional": true }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Optional callback for when the stream is finished ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Optional callback for when the stream is finished", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "chunk", "optional": true }, { "name": "encoding", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "Call this method when no more data will be written to the stream. If\nsupplied, the callback is attached as a listener on the finish
event.\n\n
Calling [write()
][] after calling [end()
][] will raise an error.\n\n
// write 'hello, ' and then end with 'world!'\nvar file = fs.createWriteStream('example.txt');\nfile.write('hello, ');\nfile.end('world!');\n// writing more now is not allowed!
\n"
}
],
"events": [
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'drain'",
"type": "event",
"name": "drain",
"desc": "If a [writable.write(chunk)
][] call returns false, then the drain
\nevent will indicate when it is appropriate to begin writing more data\nto the stream.\n\n
// Write the data to the supplied writable stream one million times.\n// Be attentive to back-pressure.\nfunction writeOneMillionTimes(writer, data, encoding, callback) {\n var i = 1000000;\n write();\n function write() {\n var ok = true;\n do {\n i -= 1;\n if (i === 0) {\n // last time!\n writer.write(data, encoding, callback);\n } else {\n // see if we should continue, or wait\n // don't pass the callback, because we're not done yet.\n ok = writer.write(data, encoding);\n }\n } while (i > 0 && ok);\n if (i > 0) {\n // had to stop early!\n // write some more once it drains\n writer.once('drain', write);\n }\n }\n}
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'finish'",
"type": "event",
"name": "finish",
"desc": "When the [end()
][] method has been called, and all data has been flushed\nto the underlying system, this event is emitted.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nfor (var i = 0; i < 100; i ++) {\n writer.write('hello, #' + i + '!\\n');\n}\nwriter.end('this is the end\\n');\nwriter.on('finish', function() {\n console.error('all writes are now complete.');\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'pipe'",
"type": "event",
"name": "pipe",
"params": [],
"desc": "This is emitted whenever the pipe()
method is called on a readable\nstream, adding this writable to its set of destinations.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nvar reader = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nwriter.on('pipe', function(src) {\n console.error('something is piping into the writer');\n assert.equal(src, reader);\n});\nreader.pipe(writer);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'unpipe'",
"type": "event",
"name": "unpipe",
"params": [],
"desc": "This is emitted whenever the [unpipe()
][] method is called on a\nreadable stream, removing this writable from its set of destinations.\n\n
var writer = getWritableStreamSomehow();\nvar reader = getReadableStreamSomehow();\nwriter.on('unpipe', function(src) {\n console.error('something has stopped piping into the writer');\n assert.equal(src, reader);\n});\nreader.pipe(writer);\nreader.unpipe(writer);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'error'",
"type": "event",
"name": "error",
"params": [],
"desc": "Emitted if there was an error when writing or piping data.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Duplex", "type": "class", "name": "stream.Duplex", "desc": "Duplex streams are streams that implement both the [Readable][] and\n[Writable][] interfaces. See above for usage.\n\n
\nExamples of Duplex streams include:\n\n
\nTransform streams are [Duplex][] streams where the output is in some way\ncomputed from the input. They implement both the [Readable][] and\n[Writable][] interfaces. See above for usage.\n\n
\nExamples of Transform streams include:\n\n
\nTo implement any sort of stream, the pattern is the same:\n\n
\nutil.inherits
][] method is particularly helpful for this.)The class to extend and the method(s) to implement depend on the sort\nof stream class you are writing:\n\n
\n\n Use-case \n | \n \n Class \n | \n \n Method(s) to implement \n | \n
---|---|---|
\n Reading only \n | \n \n \n | \n\n
| \n
\n Writing only \n | \n \n \n | \n\n
| \n
\n Reading and writing \n | \n \n \n | \n\n
| \n
\n Operate on written data, then read the result \n | \n \n \n | \n\n
| \n
In your implementation code, it is very important to never call the\nmethods described in [API for Stream Consumers][] above. Otherwise, you\ncan potentially cause adverse side effects in programs that consume\nyour streaming interfaces.\n\n
\n", "examples": [ { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Readable", "type": "example", "name": "stream.Readable", "desc": "stream.Readable
is an abstract class designed to be extended with an\nunderlying implementation of the [_read(size)
][] method.\n\n
Please see above under [API for Stream Consumers][] for how to consume\nstreams in your programs. What follows is an explanation of how to\nimplement Readable streams in your programs.\n\n
\nThis is a basic example of a Readable stream. It emits the numerals\nfrom 1 to 1,000,000 in ascending order, and then ends.\n\n
\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar util = require('util');\nutil.inherits(Counter, Readable);\n\nfunction Counter(opt) {\n Readable.call(this, opt);\n this._max = 1000000;\n this._index = 1;\n}\n\nCounter.prototype._read = function() {\n var i = this._index++;\n if (i > this._max)\n this.push(null);\n else {\n var str = '' + i;\n var buf = new Buffer(str, 'ascii');\n this.push(buf);\n }\n};
\nThis is similar to the parseHeader
function described above, but\nimplemented as a custom stream. Also, note that this implementation\ndoes not convert the incoming data to a string.\n\n
However, this would be better implemented as a [Transform][] stream. See\nbelow for a better implementation.\n\n
\n// A parser for a simple data protocol.\n// The "header" is a JSON object, followed by 2 \\n characters, and\n// then a message body.\n//\n// NOTE: This can be done more simply as a Transform stream!\n// Using Readable directly for this is sub-optimal. See the\n// alternative example below under the Transform section.\n\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar util = require('util');\n\nutil.inherits(SimpleProtocol, Readable);\n\nfunction SimpleProtocol(source, options) {\n if (!(this instanceof SimpleProtocol))\n return new SimpleProtocol(source, options);\n\n Readable.call(this, options);\n this._inBody = false;\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n\n // source is a readable stream, such as a socket or file\n this._source = source;\n\n var self = this;\n source.on('end', function() {\n self.push(null);\n });\n\n // give it a kick whenever the source is readable\n // read(0) will not consume any bytes\n source.on('readable', function() {\n self.read(0);\n });\n\n this._rawHeader = [];\n this.header = null;\n}\n\nSimpleProtocol.prototype._read = function(n) {\n if (!this._inBody) {\n var chunk = this._source.read();\n\n // if the source doesn't have data, we don't have data yet.\n if (chunk === null)\n return this.push('');\n\n // check if the chunk has a \\n\\n\n var split = -1;\n for (var i = 0; i < chunk.length; i++) {\n if (chunk[i] === 10) { // '\\n'\n if (this._sawFirstCr) {\n split = i;\n break;\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = true;\n }\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n }\n }\n\n if (split === -1) {\n // still waiting for the \\n\\n\n // stash the chunk, and try again.\n this._rawHeader.push(chunk);\n this.push('');\n } else {\n this._inBody = true;\n var h = chunk.slice(0, split);\n this._rawHeader.push(h);\n var header = Buffer.concat(this._rawHeader).toString();\n try {\n this.header = JSON.parse(header);\n } catch (er) {\n this.emit('error', new Error('invalid simple protocol data'));\n return;\n }\n // now, because we got some extra data, unshift the rest\n // back into the read queue so that our consumer will see it.\n var b = chunk.slice(split);\n this.unshift(b);\n // calling unshift by itself does not reset the reading state\n // of the stream; since we're inside _read, doing an additional\n // push('') will reset the state appropriately.\n this.push('');\n\n // and let them know that we are done parsing the header.\n this.emit('header', this.header);\n }\n } else {\n // from there on, just provide the data to our consumer.\n // careful not to push(null), since that would indicate EOF.\n var chunk = this._source.read();\n if (chunk) this.push(chunk);\n }\n};\n\n// Usage:\n// var parser = new SimpleProtocol(source);\n// Now parser is a readable stream that will emit 'header'\n// with the parsed header data.
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "new stream.Readable([options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "Readable",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`options` {Object} ",
"options": [
{
"textRaw": "`highWaterMark` {Number} The maximum number of bytes to store in the internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams ",
"name": "highWaterMark",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "The maximum number of bytes to store in the internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams"
},
{
"textRaw": "`encoding` {String} If specified, then buffers will be decoded to strings using the specified encoding. Default=null ",
"name": "encoding",
"type": "String",
"desc": "If specified, then buffers will be decoded to strings using the specified encoding. Default=null"
},
{
"textRaw": "`objectMode` {Boolean} Whether this stream should behave as a stream of objects. Meaning that stream.read(n) returns a single value instead of a Buffer of size n. Default=false ",
"name": "objectMode",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "Whether this stream should behave as a stream of objects. Meaning that stream.read(n) returns a single value instead of a Buffer of size n. Default=false"
}
],
"name": "options",
"type": "Object",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "In classes that extend the Readable class, make sure to call the\nReadable constructor so that the buffering settings can be properly\ninitialized.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "readable.\\_read(size)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_read", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`size` {Number} Number of bytes to read asynchronously ", "name": "size", "type": "Number", "desc": "Number of bytes to read asynchronously" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "size" } ] } ], "desc": "Note: Implement this method, but do NOT call it directly.\n\n
\nThis method is prefixed with an underscore because it is internal to the\nclass that defines it and should only be called by the internal Readable\nclass methods. All Readable stream implementations must provide a _read\nmethod to fetch data from the underlying resource.\n\n
\nWhen _read is called, if data is available from the resource, _read
should\nstart pushing that data into the read queue by calling this.push(dataChunk)
.\n_read
should continue reading from the resource and pushing data until push\nreturns false, at which point it should stop reading from the resource. Only\nwhen _read is called again after it has stopped should it start reading\nmore data from the resource and pushing that data onto the queue.\n\n
Note: once the _read()
method is called, it will not be called again until\nthe push
method is called.\n\n
The size
argument is advisory. Implementations where a "read" is a\nsingle call that returns data can use this to know how much data to\nfetch. Implementations where that is not relevant, such as TCP or\nTLS, may ignore this argument, and simply provide data whenever it\nbecomes available. There is no need, for example to "wait" until\nsize
bytes are available before calling [stream.push(chunk)
][].\n\n
Note: This method should be called by Readable implementors, NOT\nby consumers of Readable streams.\n\n
\nIf a value other than null is passed, The push()
method adds a chunk of data\ninto the queue for subsequent stream processors to consume. If null
is\npassed, it signals the end of the stream (EOF), after which no more data\ncan be written.\n\n
The data added with push
can be pulled out by calling the read()
method\nwhen the 'readable'
event fires.\n\n
This API is designed to be as flexible as possible. For example,\nyou may be wrapping a lower-level source which has some sort of\npause/resume mechanism, and a data callback. In those cases, you\ncould wrap the low-level source object by doing something like this:\n\n
\n// source is an object with readStop() and readStart() methods,\n// and an `ondata` member that gets called when it has data, and\n// an `onend` member that gets called when the data is over.\n\nutil.inherits(SourceWrapper, Readable);\n\nfunction SourceWrapper(options) {\n Readable.call(this, options);\n\n this._source = getLowlevelSourceObject();\n var self = this;\n\n // Every time there's data, we push it into the internal buffer.\n this._source.ondata = function(chunk) {\n // if push() returns false, then we need to stop reading from source\n if (!self.push(chunk))\n self._source.readStop();\n };\n\n // When the source ends, we push the EOF-signaling `null` chunk\n this._source.onend = function() {\n self.push(null);\n };\n}\n\n// _read will be called when the stream wants to pull more data in\n// the advisory size argument is ignored in this case.\nSourceWrapper.prototype._read = function(size) {\n this._source.readStart();\n};
\n"
}
]
}
],
"classes": [
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.Writable",
"type": "class",
"name": "stream.Writable",
"desc": "stream.Writable
is an abstract class designed to be extended with an\nunderlying implementation of the [_write(chunk, encoding, callback)
][] method.\n\n
Please see above under [API for Stream Consumers][] for how to consume\nwritable streams in your programs. What follows is an explanation of\nhow to implement Writable streams in your programs.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "new stream.Writable([options])", "type": "method", "name": "Writable", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`options` {Object} ", "options": [ { "textRaw": "`highWaterMark` {Number} Buffer level when [`write()`][] starts returning false. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams ", "name": "highWaterMark", "type": "Number", "desc": "Buffer level when [`write()`][] starts returning false. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams" }, { "textRaw": "`decodeStrings` {Boolean} Whether or not to decode strings into Buffers before passing them to [`_write()`][]. Default=true ", "name": "decodeStrings", "type": "Boolean", "desc": "Whether or not to decode strings into Buffers before passing them to [`_write()`][]. Default=true" }, { "textRaw": "`objectMode` {Boolean} Whether or not the `write(anyObj)` is a valid operation. If set you can write arbitrary data instead of only `Buffer` / `String` data. Default=false ", "name": "objectMode", "type": "Boolean", "desc": "Whether or not the `write(anyObj)` is a valid operation. If set you can write arbitrary data instead of only `Buffer` / `String` data. Default=false" } ], "name": "options", "type": "Object", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ], "desc": "In classes that extend the Writable class, make sure to call the\nconstructor so that the buffering settings can be properly\ninitialized.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "writable.\\_write(chunk, encoding, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_write", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`chunk` {Buffer | String} The chunk to be written. Will **always** be a buffer unless the `decodeStrings` option was set to `false`. ", "name": "chunk", "type": "Buffer | String", "desc": "The chunk to be written. Will **always** be a buffer unless the `decodeStrings` option was set to `false`." }, { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} If the chunk is a string, then this is the encoding type. If chunk is a buffer, then this is the special value - 'buffer', ignore it in this case. ", "name": "encoding", "type": "String", "desc": "If the chunk is a string, then this is the encoding type. If chunk is a buffer, then this is the special value - 'buffer', ignore it in this case." }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done processing the supplied chunk. ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done processing the supplied chunk." } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "chunk" }, { "name": "encoding" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "All Writable stream implementations must provide a [_write()
][]\nmethod to send data to the underlying resource.\n\n
Note: This function MUST NOT be called directly. It should be\nimplemented by child classes, and called by the internal Writable\nclass methods only.\n\n
\nCall the callback using the standard callback(error)
pattern to\nsignal that the write completed successfully or with an error.\n\n
If the decodeStrings
flag is set in the constructor options, then\nchunk
may be a string rather than a Buffer, and encoding
will\nindicate the sort of string that it is. This is to support\nimplementations that have an optimized handling for certain string\ndata encodings. If you do not explicitly set the decodeStrings
\noption to false
, then you can safely ignore the encoding
argument,\nand assume that chunk
will always be a Buffer.\n\n
This method is prefixed with an underscore because it is internal to\nthe class that defines it, and should not be called directly by user\nprograms. However, you are expected to override this method in\nyour own extension classes.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "writable.\\_writev(chunks, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_writev", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`chunks` {Array} The chunks to be written. Each chunk has following format: `{ chunk: ..., encoding: ... }`. ", "name": "chunks", "type": "Array", "desc": "The chunks to be written. Each chunk has following format: `{ chunk: ..., encoding: ... }`." }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done processing the supplied chunks. ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done processing the supplied chunks." } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "chunks" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "Note: This function MUST NOT be called directly. It may be\nimplemented by child classes, and called by the internal Writable\nclass methods only.\n\n
\nThis function is completely optional to implement. In most cases it is\nunnecessary. If implemented, it will be called with all the chunks\nthat are buffered in the write queue.\n\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Duplex", "type": "class", "name": "stream.Duplex", "desc": "A "duplex" stream is one that is both Readable and Writable, such as a\nTCP socket connection.\n\n
\nNote that stream.Duplex
is an abstract class designed to be extended\nwith an underlying implementation of the _read(size)
and\n[_write(chunk, encoding, callback)
][] methods as you would with a\nReadable or Writable stream class.\n\n
Since JavaScript doesn't have multiple prototypal inheritance, this\nclass prototypally inherits from Readable, and then parasitically from\nWritable. It is thus up to the user to implement both the lowlevel\n_read(n)
method as well as the lowlevel\n[_write(chunk, encoding, callback)
][] method on extension duplex classes.\n\n
In classes that extend the Duplex class, make sure to call the\nconstructor so that the buffering settings can be properly\ninitialized.\n\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: stream.Transform", "type": "class", "name": "stream.Transform", "desc": "A "transform" stream is a duplex stream where the output is causally\nconnected in some way to the input, such as a [zlib][] stream or a\n[crypto][] stream.\n\n
\nThere is no requirement that the output be the same size as the input,\nthe same number of chunks, or arrive at the same time. For example, a\nHash stream will only ever have a single chunk of output which is\nprovided when the input is ended. A zlib stream will produce output\nthat is either much smaller or much larger than its input.\n\n
\nRather than implement the [_read()
][] and [_write()
][] methods, Transform\nclasses must implement the _transform()
method, and may optionally\nalso implement the _flush()
method. (See below.)\n\n
In classes that extend the Transform class, make sure to call the\nconstructor so that the buffering settings can be properly\ninitialized.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "transform.\\_transform(chunk, encoding, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_transform", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`chunk` {Buffer | String} The chunk to be transformed. Will **always** be a buffer unless the `decodeStrings` option was set to `false`. ", "name": "chunk", "type": "Buffer | String", "desc": "The chunk to be transformed. Will **always** be a buffer unless the `decodeStrings` option was set to `false`." }, { "textRaw": "`encoding` {String} If the chunk is a string, then this is the encoding type. If chunk is a buffer, then this is the special value - 'buffer', ignore it in this case. ", "name": "encoding", "type": "String", "desc": "If the chunk is a string, then this is the encoding type. If chunk is a buffer, then this is the special value - 'buffer', ignore it in this case." }, { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Call this function (optionally with an error argument and data) when you are done processing the supplied chunk. ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Call this function (optionally with an error argument and data) when you are done processing the supplied chunk." } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "chunk" }, { "name": "encoding" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "Note: This function MUST NOT be called directly. It should be\nimplemented by child classes, and called by the internal Transform\nclass methods only.\n\n
\nAll Transform stream implementations must provide a _transform
\nmethod to accept input and produce output.\n\n
_transform
should do whatever has to be done in this specific\nTransform class, to handle the bytes being written, and pass them off\nto the readable portion of the interface. Do asynchronous I/O,\nprocess things, and so on.\n\n
Call transform.push(outputChunk)
0 or more times to generate output\nfrom this input chunk, depending on how much data you want to output\nas a result of this chunk.\n\n
Call the callback function only when the current chunk is completely\nconsumed. Note that there may or may not be output as a result of any\nparticular input chunk. If you supply a second argument to the callback\nit will be passed to the push method. In other words the following are\nequivalent:\n\n
\ntransform.prototype._transform = function (data, encoding, callback) {\n this.push(data);\n callback();\n};\n\ntransform.prototype._transform = function (data, encoding, callback) {\n callback(null, data);\n};
\nThis method is prefixed with an underscore because it is internal to\nthe class that defines it, and should not be called directly by user\nprograms. However, you are expected to override this method in\nyour own extension classes.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "transform.\\_flush(callback)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_flush", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`callback` {Function} Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done flushing any remaining data. ", "name": "callback", "type": "Function", "desc": "Call this function (optionally with an error argument) when you are done flushing any remaining data." } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "callback" } ] } ], "desc": "Note: This function MUST NOT be called directly. It MAY be implemented\nby child classes, and if so, will be called by the internal Transform\nclass methods only.\n\n
\nIn some cases, your transform operation may need to emit a bit more\ndata at the end of the stream. For example, a Zlib
compression\nstream will store up some internal state so that it can optimally\ncompress the output. At the end, however, it needs to do the best it\ncan with what is left, so that the data will be complete.\n\n
In those cases, you can implement a _flush
method, which will be\ncalled at the very end, after all the written data is consumed, but\nbefore emitting end
to signal the end of the readable side. Just\nlike with _transform
, call transform.push(chunk)
zero or more\ntimes, as appropriate, and call callback
when the flush operation is\ncomplete.\n\n
This method is prefixed with an underscore because it is internal to\nthe class that defines it, and should not be called directly by user\nprograms. However, you are expected to override this method in\nyour own extension classes.\n\n
\n" } ], "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Events: 'finish' and 'end'", "name": "events:_'finish'_and_'end'", "desc": "The [finish
][] and [end
][] events are from the parent Writable\nand Readable classes respectively. The finish
event is fired after\n.end()
is called and all chunks have been processed by _transform
,\nend
is fired after all data has been output which is after the callback\nin _flush
has been called.\n\n
SimpleProtocol
parser v2The example above of a simple protocol parser can be implemented\nsimply by using the higher level [Transform][] stream class, similar to\nthe parseHeader
and SimpleProtocol v1
examples above.\n\n
In this example, rather than providing the input as an argument, it\nwould be piped into the parser, which is a more idiomatic io.js stream\napproach.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\nvar Transform = require('stream').Transform;\nutil.inherits(SimpleProtocol, Transform);\n\nfunction SimpleProtocol(options) {\n if (!(this instanceof SimpleProtocol))\n return new SimpleProtocol(options);\n\n Transform.call(this, options);\n this._inBody = false;\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n this._rawHeader = [];\n this.header = null;\n}\n\nSimpleProtocol.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, done) {\n if (!this._inBody) {\n // check if the chunk has a \\n\\n\n var split = -1;\n for (var i = 0; i < chunk.length; i++) {\n if (chunk[i] === 10) { // '\\n'\n if (this._sawFirstCr) {\n split = i;\n break;\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = true;\n }\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n }\n }\n\n if (split === -1) {\n // still waiting for the \\n\\n\n // stash the chunk, and try again.\n this._rawHeader.push(chunk);\n } else {\n this._inBody = true;\n var h = chunk.slice(0, split);\n this._rawHeader.push(h);\n var header = Buffer.concat(this._rawHeader).toString();\n try {\n this.header = JSON.parse(header);\n } catch (er) {\n this.emit('error', new Error('invalid simple protocol data'));\n return;\n }\n // and let them know that we are done parsing the header.\n this.emit('header', this.header);\n\n // now, because we got some extra data, emit this first.\n this.push(chunk.slice(split));\n }\n } else {\n // from there on, just provide the data to our consumer as-is.\n this.push(chunk);\n }\n done();\n};\n\n// Usage:\n// var parser = new SimpleProtocol();\n// source.pipe(parser)\n// Now parser is a readable stream that will emit 'header'\n// with the parsed header data.
\n",
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Events: 'finish' and 'end'"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.PassThrough",
"type": "class",
"name": "stream.PassThrough",
"desc": "This is a trivial implementation of a [Transform][] stream that simply\npasses the input bytes across to the output. Its purpose is mainly\nfor examples and testing, but there are occasionally use cases where\nit can come in handy as a building block for novel sorts of streams.\n\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Simplified Constructor API", "name": "Simplified Constructor API", "type": "misc", "desc": "In simple cases there is now the added benefit of being able to construct a stream without inheritance.\n\n
\nThis can be done by passing the appropriate methods as constructor options:\n\n
\nExamples:\n\n
\n", "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Readable", "name": "readable", "desc": "var readable = new stream.Readable({\n read: function(n) {\n // sets this._read under the hood\n }\n});
\n",
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Readable"
},
{
"textRaw": "Writable",
"name": "writable",
"desc": "var writable = new stream.Writable({\n write: function(chunk, encoding, next) {\n // sets this._write under the hood\n }\n});\n\n// or\n\nvar writable = new stream.Writable({\n writev: function(chunks, next) {\n // sets this._writev under the hood\n }\n});
\n",
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Writable"
},
{
"textRaw": "Duplex",
"name": "duplex",
"desc": "var duplex = new stream.Duplex({\n read: function(n) {\n // sets this._read under the hood\n },\n write: function(chunk, encoding, next) {\n // sets this._write under the hood\n }\n});\n\n// or\n\nvar duplex = new stream.Duplex({\n read: function(n) {\n // sets this._read under the hood\n },\n writev: function(chunks, next) {\n // sets this._writev under the hood\n }\n});
\n",
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Duplex"
},
{
"textRaw": "Transform",
"name": "transform",
"desc": "var transform = new stream.Transform({\n transform: function(chunk, encoding, next) {\n // sets this._transform under the hood\n },\n flush: function(done) {\n // sets this._flush under the hood\n }\n});
\n",
"type": "misc",
"displayName": "Transform"
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "Streams: Under the Hood",
"name": "Streams: Under the Hood",
"type": "misc",
"miscs": [
{
"textRaw": "Buffering",
"name": "Buffering",
"type": "misc",
"desc": "Both Writable and Readable streams will buffer data on an internal\nobject called _writableState.buffer
or _readableState.buffer
,\nrespectively.\n\n
The amount of data that will potentially be buffered depends on the\nhighWaterMark
option which is passed into the constructor.\n\n
Buffering in Readable streams happens when the implementation calls\n[stream.push(chunk)
][]. If the consumer of the Stream does not call\nstream.read()
, then the data will sit in the internal queue until it\nis consumed.\n\n
Buffering in Writable streams happens when the user calls\n[stream.write(chunk)
][] repeatedly, even when write()
returns false
.\n\n
The purpose of streams, especially with the pipe()
method, is to\nlimit the buffering of data to acceptable levels, so that sources and\ndestinations of varying speed will not overwhelm the available memory.\n\n
There are some cases where you want to trigger a refresh of the\nunderlying readable stream mechanisms, without actually consuming any\ndata. In that case, you can call stream.read(0)
, which will always\nreturn null.\n\n
If the internal read buffer is below the highWaterMark
, and the\nstream is not currently reading, then calling read(0)
will trigger\na low-level _read
call.\n\n
There is almost never a need to do this. However, you will see some\ncases in io.js's internals where this is done, particularly in the\nReadable stream class internals.\n\n
\n", "type": "misc", "displayName": "`stream.read(0)`" }, { "textRaw": "`stream.push('')`", "name": "`stream.push('')`", "desc": "Pushing a zero-byte string or Buffer (when not in [Object mode][]) has an\ninteresting side effect. Because it is a call to\n[stream.push()
][], it will end the reading
process. However, it\ndoes not add any data to the readable buffer, so there's nothing for\na user to consume.\n\n
Very rarely, there are cases where you have no data to provide now,\nbut the consumer of your stream (or, perhaps, another bit of your own\ncode) will know when to check again, by calling stream.read(0)
. In\nthose cases, you may call stream.push('')
.\n\n
So far, the only use case for this functionality is in the\n[tls.CryptoStream][] class, which is deprecated in io.js v1.0. If you\nfind that you have to use stream.push('')
, please consider another\napproach, because it almost certainly indicates that something is\nhorribly wrong.\n\n
In versions of Node.js prior to v0.10, the Readable stream interface was\nsimpler, but also less powerful and less useful.\n\n
\nread()
method, 'data'
\nevents would start emitting immediately. If you needed to do some\nI/O to decide how to handle data, then you had to store the chunks\nin some kind of buffer so that they would not be lost.pause()
][] method was advisory, rather than guaranteed. This\nmeant that you still had to be prepared to receive 'data'
events\neven when the stream was in a paused state.In io.js v1.0 and Node.js v0.10, the Readable class described below was added.\nFor backwards compatibility with older Node.js programs, Readable streams\nswitch into "flowing mode" when a 'data'
event handler is added, or\nwhen the [resume()
][] method is called. The effect is that, even if\nyou are not using the new read()
method and 'readable'
event, you\nno longer have to worry about losing 'data'
chunks.\n\n
Most programs will continue to function normally. However, this\nintroduces an edge case in the following conditions:\n\n
\n'data'
event][] handler is added.resume()
][] method is never called.For example, consider the following code:\n\n
\n// WARNING! BROKEN!\nnet.createServer(function(socket) {\n\n // we add an 'end' method, but never consume the data\n socket.on('end', function() {\n // It will never get here.\n socket.end('I got your message (but didnt read it)\\n');\n });\n\n}).listen(1337);
\nIn versions of Node.js prior to v0.10, the incoming message data would be\nsimply discarded. However, in io.js v1.0 and Node.js v0.10 and beyond,\nthe socket will remain paused forever.\n\n
\nThe workaround in this situation is to call the resume()
method to\nstart the flow of data:\n\n
// Workaround\nnet.createServer(function(socket) {\n\n socket.on('end', function() {\n socket.end('I got your message (but didnt read it)\\n');\n });\n\n // start the flow of data, discarding it.\n socket.resume();\n\n}).listen(1337);
\nIn addition to new Readable streams switching into flowing mode,\npre-v0.10 style streams can be wrapped in a Readable class using the\nwrap()
method.\n\n\n
Normally, Streams operate on Strings and Buffers exclusively.\n\n
\nStreams that are in object mode can emit generic JavaScript values\nother than Buffers and Strings.\n\n
\nA Readable stream in object mode will always return a single item from\na call to stream.read(size)
, regardless of what the size argument\nis.\n\n
A Writable stream in object mode will always ignore the encoding
\nargument to stream.write(data, encoding)
.\n\n
The special value null
still retains its special value for object\nmode streams. That is, for object mode readable streams, null
as a\nreturn value from stream.read()
indicates that there is no more\ndata, and [stream.push(null)
][] will signal the end of stream data\n(EOF
).\n\n
No streams in io.js core are object mode streams. This pattern is only\nused by userland streaming libraries.\n\n
\nYou should set objectMode
in your stream child class constructor on\nthe options object. Setting objectMode
mid-stream is not safe.\n\n
For Duplex streams objectMode
can be set exclusively for readable or\nwritable side with readableObjectMode
and writableObjectMode
\nrespectively. These options can be used to implement parsers and\nserializers with Transform streams.\n\n
var util = require('util');\nvar StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder;\nvar Transform = require('stream').Transform;\nutil.inherits(JSONParseStream, Transform);\n\n// Gets \\n-delimited JSON string data, and emits the parsed objects\nfunction JSONParseStream() {\n if (!(this instanceof JSONParseStream))\n return new JSONParseStream();\n\n Transform.call(this, { readableObjectMode : true });\n\n this._buffer = '';\n this._decoder = new StringDecoder('utf8');\n}\n\nJSONParseStream.prototype._transform = function(chunk, encoding, cb) {\n this._buffer += this._decoder.write(chunk);\n // split on newlines\n var lines = this._buffer.split(/\\r?\\n/);\n // keep the last partial line buffered\n this._buffer = lines.pop();\n for (var l = 0; l < lines.length; l++) {\n var line = lines[l];\n try {\n var obj = JSON.parse(line);\n } catch (er) {\n this.emit('error', er);\n return;\n }\n // push the parsed object out to the readable consumer\n this.push(obj);\n }\n cb();\n};\n\nJSONParseStream.prototype._flush = function(cb) {\n // Just handle any leftover\n var rem = this._buffer.trim();\n if (rem) {\n try {\n var obj = JSON.parse(rem);\n } catch (er) {\n this.emit('error', er);\n return;\n }\n // push the parsed object out to the readable consumer\n this.push(obj);\n }\n cb();\n};
\n"
}
]
}
],
"examples": [
{
"textRaw": "Class: stream.Readable",
"type": "example",
"name": "stream.Readable",
"desc": "stream.Readable
is an abstract class designed to be extended with an\nunderlying implementation of the [_read(size)
][] method.\n\n
Please see above under [API for Stream Consumers][] for how to consume\nstreams in your programs. What follows is an explanation of how to\nimplement Readable streams in your programs.\n\n
\nThis is a basic example of a Readable stream. It emits the numerals\nfrom 1 to 1,000,000 in ascending order, and then ends.\n\n
\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar util = require('util');\nutil.inherits(Counter, Readable);\n\nfunction Counter(opt) {\n Readable.call(this, opt);\n this._max = 1000000;\n this._index = 1;\n}\n\nCounter.prototype._read = function() {\n var i = this._index++;\n if (i > this._max)\n this.push(null);\n else {\n var str = '' + i;\n var buf = new Buffer(str, 'ascii');\n this.push(buf);\n }\n};
\nThis is similar to the parseHeader
function described above, but\nimplemented as a custom stream. Also, note that this implementation\ndoes not convert the incoming data to a string.\n\n
However, this would be better implemented as a [Transform][] stream. See\nbelow for a better implementation.\n\n
\n// A parser for a simple data protocol.\n// The "header" is a JSON object, followed by 2 \\n characters, and\n// then a message body.\n//\n// NOTE: This can be done more simply as a Transform stream!\n// Using Readable directly for this is sub-optimal. See the\n// alternative example below under the Transform section.\n\nvar Readable = require('stream').Readable;\nvar util = require('util');\n\nutil.inherits(SimpleProtocol, Readable);\n\nfunction SimpleProtocol(source, options) {\n if (!(this instanceof SimpleProtocol))\n return new SimpleProtocol(source, options);\n\n Readable.call(this, options);\n this._inBody = false;\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n\n // source is a readable stream, such as a socket or file\n this._source = source;\n\n var self = this;\n source.on('end', function() {\n self.push(null);\n });\n\n // give it a kick whenever the source is readable\n // read(0) will not consume any bytes\n source.on('readable', function() {\n self.read(0);\n });\n\n this._rawHeader = [];\n this.header = null;\n}\n\nSimpleProtocol.prototype._read = function(n) {\n if (!this._inBody) {\n var chunk = this._source.read();\n\n // if the source doesn't have data, we don't have data yet.\n if (chunk === null)\n return this.push('');\n\n // check if the chunk has a \\n\\n\n var split = -1;\n for (var i = 0; i < chunk.length; i++) {\n if (chunk[i] === 10) { // '\\n'\n if (this._sawFirstCr) {\n split = i;\n break;\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = true;\n }\n } else {\n this._sawFirstCr = false;\n }\n }\n\n if (split === -1) {\n // still waiting for the \\n\\n\n // stash the chunk, and try again.\n this._rawHeader.push(chunk);\n this.push('');\n } else {\n this._inBody = true;\n var h = chunk.slice(0, split);\n this._rawHeader.push(h);\n var header = Buffer.concat(this._rawHeader).toString();\n try {\n this.header = JSON.parse(header);\n } catch (er) {\n this.emit('error', new Error('invalid simple protocol data'));\n return;\n }\n // now, because we got some extra data, unshift the rest\n // back into the read queue so that our consumer will see it.\n var b = chunk.slice(split);\n this.unshift(b);\n // calling unshift by itself does not reset the reading state\n // of the stream; since we're inside _read, doing an additional\n // push('') will reset the state appropriately.\n this.push('');\n\n // and let them know that we are done parsing the header.\n this.emit('header', this.header);\n }\n } else {\n // from there on, just provide the data to our consumer.\n // careful not to push(null), since that would indicate EOF.\n var chunk = this._source.read();\n if (chunk) this.push(chunk);\n }\n};\n\n// Usage:\n// var parser = new SimpleProtocol(source);\n// Now parser is a readable stream that will emit 'header'\n// with the parsed header data.
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "new stream.Readable([options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "Readable",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"textRaw": "`options` {Object} ",
"options": [
{
"textRaw": "`highWaterMark` {Number} The maximum number of bytes to store in the internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams ",
"name": "highWaterMark",
"type": "Number",
"desc": "The maximum number of bytes to store in the internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource. Default=16kb, or 16 for `objectMode` streams"
},
{
"textRaw": "`encoding` {String} If specified, then buffers will be decoded to strings using the specified encoding. Default=null ",
"name": "encoding",
"type": "String",
"desc": "If specified, then buffers will be decoded to strings using the specified encoding. Default=null"
},
{
"textRaw": "`objectMode` {Boolean} Whether this stream should behave as a stream of objects. Meaning that stream.read(n) returns a single value instead of a Buffer of size n. Default=false ",
"name": "objectMode",
"type": "Boolean",
"desc": "Whether this stream should behave as a stream of objects. Meaning that stream.read(n) returns a single value instead of a Buffer of size n. Default=false"
}
],
"name": "options",
"type": "Object",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
],
"desc": "In classes that extend the Readable class, make sure to call the\nReadable constructor so that the buffering settings can be properly\ninitialized.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "readable.\\_read(size)", "type": "method", "name": "\\_read", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "textRaw": "`size` {Number} Number of bytes to read asynchronously ", "name": "size", "type": "Number", "desc": "Number of bytes to read asynchronously" } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "size" } ] } ], "desc": "Note: Implement this method, but do NOT call it directly.\n\n
\nThis method is prefixed with an underscore because it is internal to the\nclass that defines it and should only be called by the internal Readable\nclass methods. All Readable stream implementations must provide a _read\nmethod to fetch data from the underlying resource.\n\n
\nWhen _read is called, if data is available from the resource, _read
should\nstart pushing that data into the read queue by calling this.push(dataChunk)
.\n_read
should continue reading from the resource and pushing data until push\nreturns false, at which point it should stop reading from the resource. Only\nwhen _read is called again after it has stopped should it start reading\nmore data from the resource and pushing that data onto the queue.\n\n
Note: once the _read()
method is called, it will not be called again until\nthe push
method is called.\n\n
The size
argument is advisory. Implementations where a "read" is a\nsingle call that returns data can use this to know how much data to\nfetch. Implementations where that is not relevant, such as TCP or\nTLS, may ignore this argument, and simply provide data whenever it\nbecomes available. There is no need, for example to "wait" until\nsize
bytes are available before calling [stream.push(chunk)
][].\n\n
Note: This method should be called by Readable implementors, NOT\nby consumers of Readable streams.\n\n
\nIf a value other than null is passed, The push()
method adds a chunk of data\ninto the queue for subsequent stream processors to consume. If null
is\npassed, it signals the end of the stream (EOF), after which no more data\ncan be written.\n\n
The data added with push
can be pulled out by calling the read()
method\nwhen the 'readable'
event fires.\n\n
This API is designed to be as flexible as possible. For example,\nyou may be wrapping a lower-level source which has some sort of\npause/resume mechanism, and a data callback. In those cases, you\ncould wrap the low-level source object by doing something like this:\n\n
\n// source is an object with readStop() and readStart() methods,\n// and an `ondata` member that gets called when it has data, and\n// an `onend` member that gets called when the data is over.\n\nutil.inherits(SourceWrapper, Readable);\n\nfunction SourceWrapper(options) {\n Readable.call(this, options);\n\n this._source = getLowlevelSourceObject();\n var self = this;\n\n // Every time there's data, we push it into the internal buffer.\n this._source.ondata = function(chunk) {\n // if push() returns false, then we need to stop reading from source\n if (!self.push(chunk))\n self._source.readStop();\n };\n\n // When the source ends, we push the EOF-signaling `null` chunk\n this._source.onend = function() {\n self.push(null);\n };\n}\n\n// _read will be called when the stream wants to pull more data in\n// the advisory size argument is ignored in this case.\nSourceWrapper.prototype._read = function(size) {\n this._source.readStart();\n};
\n"
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "Stream"
},
{
"textRaw": "StringDecoder",
"name": "stringdecoder",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "To use this module, do require('string_decoder')
. StringDecoder decodes a\nbuffer to a string. It is a simple interface to buffer.toString()
but provides\nadditional support for utf8.\n\n
var StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder;\nvar decoder = new StringDecoder('utf8');\n\nvar cent = new Buffer([0xC2, 0xA2]);\nconsole.log(decoder.write(cent));\n\nvar euro = new Buffer([0xE2, 0x82, 0xAC]);\nconsole.log(decoder.write(euro));
\n",
"classes": [
{
"textRaw": "Class: StringDecoder",
"type": "class",
"name": "StringDecoder",
"desc": "Accepts a single argument, encoding
which defaults to utf8
.\n\n
Returns a decoded string.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buffer" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "decoder.end()", "type": "method", "name": "end", "desc": "Returns any trailing bytes that were left in the buffer.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] } ] } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "StringDecoder" }, { "textRaw": "Timers", "name": "timers", "stability": 3, "stabilityText": "Locked", "desc": "All of the timer functions are globals. You do not need to require()
\nthis module in order to use them.\n\n
To schedule execution of a one-time callback
after delay
milliseconds. Returns a\ntimeoutObject
for possible use with clearTimeout()
. Optionally you can\nalso pass arguments to the callback.\n\n
It is important to note that your callback will probably not be called in exactly\ndelay
milliseconds - io.js makes no guarantees about the exact timing of when\nthe callback will fire, nor of the ordering things will fire in. The callback will\nbe called as close as possible to the time specified.\n\n
Prevents a timeout from triggering.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "timeoutObject" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "setInterval(callback, delay[, arg][, ...])", "type": "method", "name": "setInterval", "desc": "To schedule the repeated execution of callback
every delay
milliseconds.\nReturns a intervalObject
for possible use with clearInterval()
. Optionally\nyou can also pass arguments to the callback.\n\n
Stops an interval from triggering.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "intervalObject" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "unref()", "type": "method", "name": "unref", "desc": "The opaque value returned by setTimeout
and setInterval
also has the method\ntimer.unref()
which will allow you to create a timer that is active but if\nit is the only item left in the event loop, it won't keep the program running.\nIf the timer is already unref
d calling unref
again will have no effect.\n\n
In the case of setTimeout
when you unref
you create a separate timer that\nwill wakeup the event loop, creating too many of these may adversely effect\nevent loop performance -- use wisely.\n\n
If you had previously unref()
d a timer you can call ref()
to explicitly\nrequest the timer hold the program open. If the timer is already ref
d calling\nref
again will have no effect.\n\n
To schedule the "immediate" execution of callback
after I/O events\ncallbacks and before setTimeout
and setInterval
. Returns an\nimmediateObject
for possible use with clearImmediate()
. Optionally you\ncan also pass arguments to the callback.\n\n
Callbacks for immediates are queued in the order in which they were created.\nThe entire callback queue is processed every event loop iteration. If you queue\nan immediate from inside an executing callback, that immediate won't fire\nuntil the next event loop iteration.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "callback" }, { "name": "arg", "optional": true }, { "name": "...", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "clearImmediate(immediateObject)", "type": "method", "name": "clearImmediate", "desc": "Stops an immediate from triggering.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "immediateObject" } ] } ] } ], "type": "module", "displayName": "Timers" }, { "textRaw": "TLS (SSL)", "name": "tls_(ssl)", "stability": 2, "stabilityText": "Stable", "desc": "Use require('tls')
to access this module.\n\n
The tls
module uses OpenSSL to provide Transport Layer Security and/or\nSecure Socket Layer: encrypted stream communication.\n\n
TLS/SSL is a public/private key infrastructure. Each client and each\nserver must have a private key. A private key is created like this:\n\n
\nopenssl genrsa -out ryans-key.pem 2048
\nAll servers and some clients need to have a certificate. Certificates are public\nkeys signed by a Certificate Authority or self-signed. The first step to\ngetting a certificate is to create a "Certificate Signing Request" (CSR)\nfile. This is done with:\n\n
\nopenssl req -new -sha256 -key ryans-key.pem -out ryans-csr.pem
\nTo create a self-signed certificate with the CSR, do this:\n\n
\nopenssl x509 -req -in ryans-csr.pem -signkey ryans-key.pem -out ryans-cert.pem
\nAlternatively you can send the CSR to a Certificate Authority for signing.\n\n
\nFor Perfect Forward Secrecy, it is required to generate Diffie-Hellman\nparameters:\n\n
\nopenssl dhparam -outform PEM -out dhparam.pem 2048
\nTo create .pfx or .p12, do this:\n\n
\nopenssl pkcs12 -export -in agent5-cert.pem -inkey agent5-key.pem \\\n -certfile ca-cert.pem -out agent5.pfx
\nin
: certificateinkey
: private keycertfile
: all CA certs concatenated in one file like\ncat ca1-cert.pem ca2-cert.pem > ca-cert.pem
The TLS protocol lets the client renegotiate certain aspects of the TLS session.\nUnfortunately, session renegotiation requires a disproportional amount of\nserver-side resources, which makes it a potential vector for denial-of-service\nattacks.\n\n
\nTo mitigate this, renegotiations are limited to three times every 10 minutes. An\nerror is emitted on the [tls.TLSSocket][] instance when the threshold is\nexceeded. The limits are configurable:\n\n
\ntls.CLIENT_RENEG_LIMIT
: renegotiation limit, default is 3.
tls.CLIENT_RENEG_WINDOW
: renegotiation window in seconds, default is\n10 minutes.
Don't change the defaults unless you know what you are doing.\n\n
\nTo test your server, connect to it with openssl s_client -connect address:port
\nand tap R<CR>
(that's the letter R
followed by a carriage return) a few\ntimes.\n\n\n
NPN (Next Protocol Negotiation) and SNI (Server Name Indication) are TLS\nhandshake extensions allowing you:\n\n
\nThe term "[Forward Secrecy]" or "Perfect Forward Secrecy" describes a feature of\nkey-agreement (i.e. key-exchange) methods. Practically it means that even if the\nprivate key of a (your) server is compromised, communication can only be\ndecrypted by eavesdroppers if they manage to obtain the key-pair specifically\ngenerated for each session.\n\n
\nThis is achieved by randomly generating a key pair for key-agreement on every\nhandshake (in contrary to the same key for all sessions). Methods implementing\nthis technique, thus offering Perfect Forward Secrecy, are called "ephemeral".\n\n
\nCurrently two methods are commonly used to achieve Perfect Forward Secrecy (note\nthe character "E" appended to the traditional abbreviations):\n\n
\nEphemeral methods may have some performance drawbacks, because key generation\nis expensive.\n\n\n
\n" } ], "modules": [ { "textRaw": "Modifying the Default TLS Cipher suite", "name": "modifying_the_default_tls_cipher_suite", "desc": "Node.js is built with a default suite of enabled and disabled TLS ciphers.\nCurrently, the default cipher suite is:\n\n
\nECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:\nECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:\nDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:\nDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:\nDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:\nDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:\nHIGH:\n!aNULL:\n!eNULL:\n!EXPORT:\n!DES:\n!RC4:\n!MD5:\n!PSK:\n!SRP:\n!CAMELLIA
\nThis default can be overriden entirely using the --tls-cipher-list
command\nline switch. For instance, the following makes\nECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:!RC4
the default TLS cipher suite:\n\n
node --tls-cipher-list="ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:!RC4"
\nNote that the default cipher suite included within Node.js has been carefully\nselected to reflect current security best practices and risk mitigation.\nChanging the default cipher suite can have a significant impact on the security\nof an application. The --tls-cipher-list
switch should by used only if\nabsolutely necessary.\n\n
Returns an array with the names of the supported SSL ciphers.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\nvar ciphers = tls.getCiphers();\nconsole.log(ciphers); // ['AES128-SHA', 'AES256-SHA', ...]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "tls.createServer(options[, secureConnectionListener])",
"type": "method",
"name": "createServer",
"desc": "Creates a new [tls.Server][]. The connectionListener
argument is\nautomatically set as a listener for the [secureConnection][] event. The\noptions
object has these possibilities:\n\n
pfx
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key, certificate and\nCA certs of the server in PFX or PKCS12 format. (Mutually exclusive with\nthe key
, cert
and ca
options.)
key
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key of the server in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of keys). (Required)
passphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfx.
cert
: A string or Buffer
containing the certificate key of the server in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of certs). (Required)
ca
: An array of strings or Buffer
s of trusted certificates in PEM\nformat. If this is omitted several well known "root" CAs will be used,\nlike VeriSign. These are used to authorize connections.
crl
: Either a string or list of strings of PEM encoded CRLs (Certificate\nRevocation List)
ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude, separated by\n:
. The default cipher suite is:
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:\nECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:\nDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:\nDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:\nDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:\nECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:\nDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:\nHIGH:\n!aNULL:\n!eNULL:\n!EXPORT:\n!DES:\n!RC4:\n!MD5:\n!PSK:\n!SRP:\n!CAMELLIA
\nThe default cipher suite prefers GCM ciphers for [Chrome's 'modern\ncryptography' setting] and also prefers ECDHE and DHE ciphers for Perfect\nForward secrecy, while offering some backward compatibiltity.
\n128 bit AES is preferred over 192 and 256 bit AES in light of [specific\nattacks affecting larger AES key sizes].
\nOld clients that rely on insecure and deprecated RC4 or DES-based ciphers\n(like Internet Explorer 6) aren't able to complete the handshake with the default\nconfiguration. If you absolutely must support these clients, the\n[TLS recommendations] may offer a compatible cipher suite. For more details\non the format, see the [OpenSSL cipher list format documentation].
\necdhCurve
: A string describing a named curve to use for ECDH key agreement\nor false to disable ECDH.
Defaults to prime256v1
(NIST P-256). Use [crypto.getCurves()][] to obtain\na list of available curve names. On recent releases,\nopenssl ecparam -list_curves
will also display the name and description of\neach available elliptic curve.
dhparam
: A string or Buffer
containing Diffie Hellman parameters,\nrequired for Perfect Forward Secrecy. Use openssl dhparam
to create it.\nIts key length should be greater than or equal to 1024 bits, otherwise\nit throws an error. It is strongly recommended to use 2048 bits or\nmore for stronger security. If omitted or invalid, it is silently\ndiscarded and DHE ciphers won't be available.
handshakeTimeout
: Abort the connection if the SSL/TLS handshake does not\nfinish in this many milliseconds. The default is 120 seconds.
A 'clientError'
is emitted on the tls.Server
object whenever a handshake\ntimes out.
honorCipherOrder
: When choosing a cipher, use the server's preferences\ninstead of the client preferences. Default: true
.
requestCert
: If true
the server will request a certificate from\nclients that connect and attempt to verify that certificate. Default:\nfalse
.
rejectUnauthorized
: If true
the server will reject any connection\nwhich is not authorized with the list of supplied CAs. This option only\nhas an effect if requestCert
is true
. Default: false
.
NPNProtocols
: An array or Buffer
of possible NPN protocols. (Protocols\nshould be ordered by their priority).
SNICallback(servername, cb)
: A function that will be called if client\nsupports SNI TLS extension. Two argument will be passed to it: servername
,\nand cb
. SNICallback
should invoke cb(null, ctx)
, where ctx
is a\nSecureContext instance.\n(You can use tls.createSecureContext(...)
to get proper\nSecureContext). If SNICallback
wasn't provided - default callback with\nhigh-level API will be used (see below).
sessionTimeout
: An integer specifying the seconds after which TLS\nsession identifiers and TLS session tickets created by the server are\ntimed out. See [SSL_CTX_set_timeout] for more details.
ticketKeys
: A 48-byte Buffer
instance consisting of 16-byte prefix,\n16-byte hmac key, 16-byte AES key. You could use it to accept tls session\ntickets on multiple instances of tls server.
NOTE: Automatically shared between cluster
module workers.
sessionIdContext
: A string containing an opaque identifier for session\nresumption. If requestCert
is true
, the default is MD5 hash value\ngenerated from command-line. Otherwise, the default is not provided.
secureProtocol
: The SSL method to use, e.g. SSLv3_method
to force\nSSL version 3. The possible values depend on your installation of\nOpenSSL and are defined in the constant [SSL_METHODS][].
Here is a simple example echo server:\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n key: fs.readFileSync('server-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('server-cert.pem'),\n\n // This is necessary only if using the client certificate authentication.\n requestCert: true,\n\n // This is necessary only if the client uses the self-signed certificate.\n ca: [ fs.readFileSync('client-cert.pem') ]\n};\n\nvar server = tls.createServer(options, function(socket) {\n console.log('server connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n socket.write("welcome!\\n");\n socket.setEncoding('utf8');\n socket.pipe(socket);\n});\nserver.listen(8000, function() {\n console.log('server bound');\n});
\nOr\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n pfx: fs.readFileSync('server.pfx'),\n\n // This is necessary only if using the client certificate authentication.\n requestCert: true,\n\n};\n\nvar server = tls.createServer(options, function(socket) {\n console.log('server connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n socket.write("welcome!\\n");\n socket.setEncoding('utf8');\n socket.pipe(socket);\n});\nserver.listen(8000, function() {\n console.log('server bound');\n});
\nYou can test this server by connecting to it with openssl s_client
:\n\n\n
openssl s_client -connect 127.0.0.1:8000
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "secureConnectionListener",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "tls.connect(options[, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "connect",
"desc": "Creates a new client connection to the given port
and host
(old API) or\noptions.port
and options.host
. (If host
is omitted, it defaults to\nlocalhost
.) options
should be an object which specifies:\n\n
host
: Host the client should connect to
port
: Port the client should connect to
socket
: Establish secure connection on a given socket rather than\ncreating a new socket. If this option is specified, host
and port
\nare ignored.
path
: Creates unix socket connection to path. If this option is\nspecified, host
and port
are ignored.
pfx
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key, certificate and\nCA certs of the client in PFX or PKCS12 format.
key
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key of the client in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of keys).
passphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfx.
cert
: A string or Buffer
containing the certificate key of the client in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of certs).
ca
: An array of strings or Buffer
s of trusted certificates in PEM\nformat. If this is omitted several well known "root" CAs will be used,\nlike VeriSign. These are used to authorize connections.
ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude, separated by\n:
. Uses the same default cipher suite as tls.createServer
.
rejectUnauthorized
: If true
, the server certificate is verified against\nthe list of supplied CAs. An 'error'
event is emitted if verification\nfails; err.code
contains the OpenSSL error code. Default: true
.
NPNProtocols
: An array of strings or Buffer
s containing supported NPN\nprotocols. Buffer
s should have following format: 0x05hello0x05world
,\nwhere first byte is next protocol name's length. (Passing array should\nusually be much simpler: ['hello', 'world']
.)
servername
: Servername for SNI (Server Name Indication) TLS extension.
checkServerIdentity(servername, cert)
: Provide an override for checking\nserver's hostname against the certificate. Should return an error if verification\nfails. Return undefined
if passing.
secureProtocol
: The SSL method to use, e.g. SSLv3_method
to force\nSSL version 3. The possible values depend on your installation of\nOpenSSL and are defined in the constant [SSL_METHODS][].
session
: A Buffer
instance, containing TLS session.
The callback
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['secureConnect'][] event.\n\n
tls.connect()
returns a [tls.TLSSocket][] object.\n\n
Here is an example of a client of echo server as described previously:\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n // These are necessary only if using the client certificate authentication\n key: fs.readFileSync('client-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('client-cert.pem'),\n\n // This is necessary only if the server uses the self-signed certificate\n ca: [ fs.readFileSync('server-cert.pem') ]\n};\n\nvar socket = tls.connect(8000, options, function() {\n console.log('client connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n process.stdin.pipe(socket);\n process.stdin.resume();\n});\nsocket.setEncoding('utf8');\nsocket.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data);\n});\nsocket.on('end', function() {\n server.close();\n});
\nOr\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n pfx: fs.readFileSync('client.pfx')\n};\n\nvar socket = tls.connect(8000, options, function() {\n console.log('client connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n process.stdin.pipe(socket);\n process.stdin.resume();\n});\nsocket.setEncoding('utf8');\nsocket.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data);\n});\nsocket.on('end', function() {\n server.close();\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "port"
},
{
"name": "host",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
},
{
"params": [
{
"name": "options"
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "tls.connect(port[, host][, options][, callback])",
"type": "method",
"name": "connect",
"desc": "Creates a new client connection to the given port
and host
(old API) or\noptions.port
and options.host
. (If host
is omitted, it defaults to\nlocalhost
.) options
should be an object which specifies:\n\n
host
: Host the client should connect to
port
: Port the client should connect to
socket
: Establish secure connection on a given socket rather than\ncreating a new socket. If this option is specified, host
and port
\nare ignored.
path
: Creates unix socket connection to path. If this option is\nspecified, host
and port
are ignored.
pfx
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key, certificate and\nCA certs of the client in PFX or PKCS12 format.
key
: A string or Buffer
containing the private key of the client in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of keys).
passphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfx.
cert
: A string or Buffer
containing the certificate key of the client in\nPEM format. (Could be an array of certs).
ca
: An array of strings or Buffer
s of trusted certificates in PEM\nformat. If this is omitted several well known "root" CAs will be used,\nlike VeriSign. These are used to authorize connections.
ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude, separated by\n:
. Uses the same default cipher suite as tls.createServer
.
rejectUnauthorized
: If true
, the server certificate is verified against\nthe list of supplied CAs. An 'error'
event is emitted if verification\nfails; err.code
contains the OpenSSL error code. Default: true
.
NPNProtocols
: An array of strings or Buffer
s containing supported NPN\nprotocols. Buffer
s should have following format: 0x05hello0x05world
,\nwhere first byte is next protocol name's length. (Passing array should\nusually be much simpler: ['hello', 'world']
.)
servername
: Servername for SNI (Server Name Indication) TLS extension.
checkServerIdentity(servername, cert)
: Provide an override for checking\nserver's hostname against the certificate. Should return an error if verification\nfails. Return undefined
if passing.
secureProtocol
: The SSL method to use, e.g. SSLv3_method
to force\nSSL version 3. The possible values depend on your installation of\nOpenSSL and are defined in the constant [SSL_METHODS][].
session
: A Buffer
instance, containing TLS session.
The callback
parameter will be added as a listener for the\n['secureConnect'][] event.\n\n
tls.connect()
returns a [tls.TLSSocket][] object.\n\n
Here is an example of a client of echo server as described previously:\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n // These are necessary only if using the client certificate authentication\n key: fs.readFileSync('client-key.pem'),\n cert: fs.readFileSync('client-cert.pem'),\n\n // This is necessary only if the server uses the self-signed certificate\n ca: [ fs.readFileSync('server-cert.pem') ]\n};\n\nvar socket = tls.connect(8000, options, function() {\n console.log('client connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n process.stdin.pipe(socket);\n process.stdin.resume();\n});\nsocket.setEncoding('utf8');\nsocket.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data);\n});\nsocket.on('end', function() {\n server.close();\n});
\nOr\n\n
\nvar tls = require('tls');\nvar fs = require('fs');\n\nvar options = {\n pfx: fs.readFileSync('client.pfx')\n};\n\nvar socket = tls.connect(8000, options, function() {\n console.log('client connected',\n socket.authorized ? 'authorized' : 'unauthorized');\n process.stdin.pipe(socket);\n process.stdin.resume();\n});\nsocket.setEncoding('utf8');\nsocket.on('data', function(data) {\n console.log(data);\n});\nsocket.on('end', function() {\n server.close();\n});
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "port"
},
{
"name": "host",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
},
{
"name": "callback",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "new tls.TLSSocket(socket, options)",
"type": "method",
"name": "TLSSocket",
"desc": "Construct a new TLSSocket object from existing TCP socket.\n\n
\nsocket
is an instance of [net.Socket][]\n\n
options
is an object that might contain following properties:\n\n
secureContext
: An optional TLS context object from\n tls.createSecureContext( ... )
isServer
: If true - TLS socket will be instantiated in server-mode
server
: An optional [net.Server][] instance
requestCert
: Optional, see [tls.createSecurePair][]
rejectUnauthorized
: Optional, see [tls.createSecurePair][]
NPNProtocols
: Optional, see [tls.createServer][]
SNICallback
: Optional, see [tls.createServer][]
session
: Optional, a Buffer
instance, containing TLS session
requestOCSP
: Optional, if true
- OCSP status request extension would\nbe added to client hello, and OCSPResponse
event will be emitted on socket\nbefore establishing secure communication
Creates a credentials object, with the optional details being a\ndictionary with keys:\n\n
\npfx
: A string or buffer holding the PFX or PKCS12 encoded private\nkey, certificate and CA certificateskey
: A string holding the PEM encoded private keypassphrase
: A string of passphrase for the private key or pfxcert
: A string holding the PEM encoded certificateca
: Either a string or list of strings of PEM encoded CA\ncertificates to trust.crl
: Either a string or list of strings of PEM encoded CRLs\n(Certificate Revocation List)ciphers
: A string describing the ciphers to use or exclude.\nConsult\nhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#CIPHER_LIST_FORMAT\nfor details on the format.honorCipherOrder
: When choosing a cipher, use the server's preferences\ninstead of the client preferences. For further details see tls
module\ndocumentation.If no 'ca' details are given, then io.js will use the default\npublicly trusted list of CAs as given in\n
\nhttp://mxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "details" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "tls.createSecurePair([context][, isServer][, requestCert][, rejectUnauthorized])", "type": "method", "name": "createSecurePair", "desc": "Creates a new secure pair object with two streams, one of which reads/writes\nencrypted data, and one reads/writes cleartext data.\nGenerally the encrypted one is piped to/from an incoming encrypted data stream,\nand the cleartext one is used as a replacement for the initial encrypted stream.\n\n
\ncredentials
: A secure context object from tls.createSecureContext( ... )
isServer
: A boolean indicating whether this tls connection should be\nopened as a server or a client.
requestCert
: A boolean indicating whether a server should request a\ncertificate from a connecting client. Only applies to server connections.
rejectUnauthorized
: A boolean indicating whether a server should\nautomatically reject clients with invalid certificates. Only applies to\nservers with requestCert
enabled.
tls.createSecurePair()
returns a SecurePair object with cleartext
and\nencrypted
stream properties.\n\n
NOTE: cleartext
has the same APIs as [tls.TLSSocket][]\n\n
Wrapper for instance of [net.Socket][], replaces internal socket read/write\nroutines to perform transparent encryption/decryption of incoming/outgoing data.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: SecurePair", "type": "class", "name": "SecurePair", "desc": "Returned by tls.createSecurePair.\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'secure'", "type": "event", "name": "secure", "desc": "The event is emitted from the SecurePair once the pair has successfully\nestablished a secure connection.\n\n
\nSimilarly to the checking for the server 'secureConnection' event,\npair.cleartext.authorized should be checked to confirm whether the certificate\nused properly authorized.\n\n
\n", "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: tls.Server", "type": "class", "name": "tls.Server", "desc": "This class is a subclass of net.Server
and has the same methods on it.\nInstead of accepting just raw TCP connections, this accepts encrypted\nconnections using TLS or SSL.\n\n
function (tlsSocket) {}
\n\n
This event is emitted after a new connection has been successfully\nhandshaked. The argument is an instance of [tls.TLSSocket][]. It has all the\ncommon stream methods and events.\n\n
\nsocket.authorized
is a boolean value which indicates if the\nclient has verified by one of the supplied certificate authorities for the\nserver. If socket.authorized
is false, then\nsocket.authorizationError
is set to describe how authorization\nfailed. Implied but worth mentioning: depending on the settings of the TLS\nserver, you unauthorized connections may be accepted.\nsocket.npnProtocol
is a string containing selected NPN protocol.\nsocket.servername
is a string containing servername requested with\nSNI.\n\n\n
function (exception, tlsSocket) { }
\n\n
When a client connection emits an 'error' event before secure connection is\nestablished - it will be forwarded here.\n\n
\ntlsSocket
is the [tls.TLSSocket][] that the error originated from.\n\n\n
function (sessionId, sessionData, callback) { }
\n\n
Emitted on creation of TLS session. May be used to store sessions in external\nstorage. callback
must be invoked eventually, otherwise no data will be\nsent or received from secure connection.\n\n
NOTE: adding this event listener will have an effect only on connections\nestablished after addition of event listener.\n\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'resumeSession'", "type": "event", "name": "resumeSession", "desc": "function (sessionId, callback) { }
\n\n
Emitted when client wants to resume previous TLS session. Event listener may\nperform lookup in external storage using given sessionId
, and invoke\ncallback(null, sessionData)
once finished. If session can't be resumed\n(i.e. doesn't exist in storage) one may call callback(null, null)
. Calling\ncallback(err)
will terminate incoming connection and destroy socket.\n\n
NOTE: adding this event listener will have an effect only on connections\nestablished after addition of event listener.\n\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'OCSPRequest'", "type": "event", "name": "OCSPRequest", "desc": "function (certificate, issuer, callback) { }
\n\n
Emitted when the client sends a certificate status request. You could parse\nserver's current certificate to obtain OCSP url and certificate id, and after\nobtaining OCSP response invoke callback(null, resp)
, where resp
is a\nBuffer
instance. Both certificate
and issuer
are a Buffer
\nDER-representations of the primary and issuer's certificates. They could be used\nto obtain OCSP certificate id and OCSP endpoint url.\n\n
Alternatively, callback(null, null)
could be called, meaning that there is no\nOCSP response.\n\n
Calling callback(err)
will result in a socket.destroy(err)
call.\n\n
Typical flow:\n\n
\nOCSPRequest
to it (via status info\nextension in ClientHello.)OCSPRequest
event listener if presentcertificate
or issuer
and performs an\n[OCSP request] to the CAOCSPResponse
from CA and sends it back to client via\ncallback
argumentNOTE: issuer
could be null, if the certificate is self-signed or if the issuer\nis not in the root certificates list. (You could provide an issuer via ca
\noption.)\n\n
NOTE: adding this event listener will have an effect only on connections\nestablished after addition of event listener.\n\n
\nNOTE: you may want to use some npm module like [asn1.js] to parse the\ncertificates.\n\n\n
\n", "params": [] } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "server.listen(port[, hostname][, callback])", "type": "method", "name": "listen", "desc": "Begin accepting connections on the specified port
and hostname
. If the\nhostname
is omitted, the server will accept connections on any IPv6 address\n(::
) when IPv6 is available, or any IPv4 address (0.0.0.0
) otherwise. A\nport value of zero will assign a random port.\n\n
This function is asynchronous. The last parameter callback
will be called\nwhen the server has been bound.\n\n
See net.Server
for more information.\n\n\n
Stops the server from accepting new connections. This function is\nasynchronous, the server is finally closed when the server emits a 'close'
\nevent. Optionally, you can pass a callback to listen for the 'close'
event.\n\n
Returns the bound address, the address family name and port of the\nserver as reported by the operating system. See [net.Server.address()][] for\nmore information.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "server.getTicketKeys()", "type": "method", "name": "getTicketKeys", "desc": "Returns Buffer
instance holding the keys currently used for\nencryption/decryption of the [TLS Session Tickets][]\n\n
Updates the keys for encryption/decryption of the [TLS Session Tickets][].\n\n
\nNOTE: the buffer should be 48 bytes long. See server ticketKeys
option for\nmore information oh how it is going to be used.\n\n
NOTE: the change is effective only for the future server connections. Existing\nor currently pending server connections will use previous keys.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "keys" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "server.addContext(hostname, context)", "type": "method", "name": "addContext", "desc": "Add secure context that will be used if client request's SNI hostname is\nmatching passed hostname
(wildcards can be used). context
can contain\nkey
, cert
, ca
and/or any other properties from tls.createSecureContext
\noptions
argument.\n\n
Set this property to reject connections when the server's connection count\ngets high.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "server.connections", "name": "connections", "desc": "The number of concurrent connections on the server.\n\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: CryptoStream", "type": "class", "name": "CryptoStream", "stability": 0, "stabilityText": "Deprecated: Use [tls.TLSSocket][] instead.", "desc": "This is an encrypted stream.\n\n
\n", "properties": [ { "textRaw": "cryptoStream.bytesWritten", "name": "bytesWritten", "desc": "A proxy to the underlying socket's bytesWritten accessor, this will return\nthe total bytes written to the socket, including the TLS overhead.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: tls.TLSSocket", "type": "class", "name": "tls.TLSSocket", "desc": "This is a wrapped version of [net.Socket][] that does transparent encryption\nof written data and all required TLS negotiation.\n\n
\nThis instance implements a duplex [Stream][] interfaces. It has all the\ncommon stream methods and events.\n\n
\n", "events": [ { "textRaw": "Event: 'secureConnect'", "type": "event", "name": "secureConnect", "desc": "This event is emitted after a new connection has been successfully handshaked.\nThe listener will be called no matter if the server's certificate was\nauthorized or not. It is up to the user to test tlsSocket.authorized
\nto see if the server certificate was signed by one of the specified CAs.\nIf tlsSocket.authorized === false
then the error can be found in\ntlsSocket.authorizationError
. Also if NPN was used - you can check\ntlsSocket.npnProtocol
for negotiated protocol.\n\n
function (response) { }
\n\n
This event will be emitted if requestOCSP
option was set. response
is a\nbuffer object, containing server's OCSP response.\n\n
Traditionally, the response
is a signed object from the server's CA that\ncontains information about server's certificate revocation status.\n\n
Static boolean value, always true
. May be used to distinguish TLS sockets\nfrom regular ones.\n\n
A boolean that is true
if the peer certificate was signed by one of the\nspecified CAs, otherwise false
\n\n
The reason why the peer's certificate has not been verified. This property\nbecomes available only when tlsSocket.authorized === false
.\n\n
The string representation of the remote IP address. For example,\n'74.125.127.100'
or '2001:4860:a005::68'
.\n\n
The string representation of the remote IP family. 'IPv4'
or 'IPv6'
.\n\n
The numeric representation of the remote port. For example, 443
.\n\n
The string representation of the local IP address.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "tlsSocket.localPort", "name": "localPort", "desc": "The numeric representation of the local port.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "tlsSocket.getPeerCertificate([ detailed ])", "type": "method", "name": "getPeerCertificate", "desc": "Returns an object representing the peer's certificate. The returned object has\nsome properties corresponding to the field of the certificate. If detailed
\nargument is true
- the full chain with issuer
property will be returned,\nif false
- only the top certificate without issuer
property.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\n{ subject:\n { C: 'UK',\n ST: 'Acknack Ltd',\n L: 'Rhys Jones',\n O: 'io.js',\n OU: 'Test TLS Certificate',\n CN: 'localhost' },\n issuerInfo:\n { C: 'UK',\n ST: 'Acknack Ltd',\n L: 'Rhys Jones',\n O: 'io.js',\n OU: 'Test TLS Certificate',\n CN: 'localhost' },\n issuer:\n { ... another certificate ... },\n raw: < RAW DER buffer >,\n valid_from: 'Nov 11 09:52:22 2009 GMT',\n valid_to: 'Nov 6 09:52:22 2029 GMT',\n fingerprint: '2A:7A:C2:DD:E5:F9:CC:53:72:35:99:7A:02:5A:71:38:52:EC:8A:DF',\n serialNumber: 'B9B0D332A1AA5635' }
\nIf the peer does not provide a certificate, it returns null
or an empty\nobject.\n\n
Returns an object representing the cipher name and the SSL/TLS\nprotocol version of the current connection.\n\n
\nExample:\n{ name: 'AES256-SHA', version: 'TLSv1/SSLv3' }\n\n
\nSee SSL_CIPHER_get_name() and SSL_CIPHER_get_version() in\nhttp://www.openssl.org/docs/ssl/ssl.html#DEALING_WITH_CIPHERS for more\ninformation.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "tlsSocket.renegotiate(options, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "renegotiate", "desc": "Initiate TLS renegotiation process. The options
may contain the following\nfields: rejectUnauthorized
, requestCert
(See [tls.createServer][]\nfor details). callback(err)
will be executed with null
as err
,\nonce the renegotiation is successfully completed.\n\n
NOTE: Can be used to request peer's certificate after the secure connection\nhas been established.\n\n
\nANOTHER NOTE: When running as the server, socket will be destroyed\nwith an error after handshakeTimeout
timeout.\n\n
Set maximum TLS fragment size (default and maximum value is: 16384
, minimum\nis: 512
). Returns true
on success, false
otherwise.\n\n
Smaller fragment size decreases buffering latency on the client: large\nfragments are buffered by the TLS layer until the entire fragment is received\nand its integrity is verified; large fragments can span multiple roundtrips,\nand their processing can be delayed due to packet loss or reordering. However,\nsmaller fragments add extra TLS framing bytes and CPU overhead, which may\ndecrease overall server throughput.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "size" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "tlsSocket.getSession()", "type": "method", "name": "getSession", "desc": "Return ASN.1 encoded TLS session or undefined
if none was negotiated. Could\nbe used to speed up handshake establishment when reconnecting to the server.\n\n
NOTE: Works only with client TLS sockets. Useful only for debugging, for\nsession reuse provide session
option to tls.connect
.\n\n
Return TLS session ticket or undefined
if none was negotiated.\n\n
Returns the bound address, the address family name and port of the\nunderlying socket as reported by the operating system. Returns an\nobject with three properties, e.g.\n{ port: 12346, family: 'IPv4', address: '127.0.0.1' }
\n\n
The tty
module houses the tty.ReadStream
and tty.WriteStream
classes. In\nmost cases, you will not need to use this module directly.\n\n
When io.js detects that it is being run inside a TTY context, then process.stdin
\nwill be a tty.ReadStream
instance and process.stdout
will be\na tty.WriteStream
instance. The preferred way to check if io.js is being run\nin a TTY context is to check process.stdout.isTTY
:\n\n
$ iojs -p -e "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)"\ntrue\n$ iojs -p -e "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)" | cat\nfalse
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "tty.isatty(fd)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isatty",
"desc": "Returns true
or false
depending on if the fd
is associated with a\nterminal.\n\n\n
A net.Socket
subclass that represents the readable portion of a tty. In normal\ncircumstances, process.stdin
will be the only tty.ReadStream
instance in any\nio.js program (only when isatty(0)
is true).\n\n
A Boolean
that is initialized to false
. It represents the current "raw" state\nof the tty.ReadStream
instance.\n\n
mode
should be true
or false
. This sets the properties of the\ntty.ReadStream
to act either as a raw device or default. isRaw
will be set\nto the resulting mode.\n\n\n
A net.Socket
subclass that represents the readable portion of a tty. In normal\ncircumstances, process.stdin
will be the only tty.ReadStream
instance in any\nio.js program (only when isatty(0)
is true).\n\n
A Boolean
that is initialized to false
. It represents the current "raw" state\nof the tty.ReadStream
instance.\n\n
mode
should be true
or false
. This sets the properties of the\ntty.ReadStream
to act either as a raw device or default. isRaw
will be set\nto the resulting mode.\n\n\n
A net.Socket
subclass that represents the writable portion of a tty. In normal\ncircumstances, process.stdout
will be the only tty.WriteStream
instance\never created (and only when isatty(1)
is true).\n\n
A Number
that gives the number of columns the TTY currently has. This property\ngets updated on "resize" events.\n\n
A Number
that gives the number of rows the TTY currently has. This property\ngets updated on "resize" events.\n\n
function () {}
\n\n
Emitted by refreshSize()
when either of the columns
or rows
properties\nhas changed.\n\n
process.stdout.on('resize', function() {\n console.log('screen size has changed!');\n console.log(process.stdout.columns + 'x' + process.stdout.rows);\n});
\n",
"params": []
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "TTY"
},
{
"textRaw": "URL",
"name": "url",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "This module has utilities for URL resolution and parsing.\nCall require('url')
to use it.\n\n
Parsed URL objects have some or all of the following fields, depending on\nwhether or not they exist in the URL string. Any parts that are not in the URL\nstring will not be in the parsed object. Examples are shown for the URL\n\n
\n'http://user:pass@host.com:8080/p/a/t/h?query=string#hash'
\n\n
href
: The full URL that was originally parsed. Both the protocol and host are lowercased.
Example: 'http://user:pass@host.com:8080/p/a/t/h?query=string#hash'
protocol
: The request protocol, lowercased.
Example: 'http:'
slashes
: The protocol requires slashes after the colon.
Example: true or false
\nhost
: The full lowercased host portion of the URL, including port\ninformation.
Example: 'host.com:8080'
auth
: The authentication information portion of a URL.
Example: 'user:pass'
hostname
: Just the lowercased hostname portion of the host.
Example: 'host.com'
port
: The port number portion of the host.
Example: '8080'
pathname
: The path section of the URL, that comes after the host and\nbefore the query, including the initial slash if present. No decoding is\nperformed.
Example: '/p/a/t/h'
search
: The 'query string' portion of the URL, including the leading\nquestion mark.
Example: '?query=string'
path
: Concatenation of pathname
and search
. No decoding is performed.
Example: '/p/a/t/h?query=string'
query
: Either the 'params' portion of the query string, or a\nquerystring-parsed object.
Example: 'query=string'
or {'query':'string'}
hash
: The 'fragment' portion of the URL including the pound-sign.
Example: '#hash'
The following methods are provided by the URL module:\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "url.parse(urlStr[, parseQueryString][, slashesDenoteHost])", "type": "method", "name": "parse", "desc": "Take a URL string, and return an object.\n\n
\nPass true
as the second argument to also parse the query string using the\nquerystring
module. If true
then the query
property will always be\nassigned an object, and the search
property will always be a (possibly\nempty) string. If false
then the query
property will not be parsed or\ndecoded. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Pass true
as the third argument to treat //foo/bar
as\n{ host: 'foo', pathname: '/bar' }
rather than\n{ pathname: '//foo/bar' }
. Defaults to false
.\n\n
Take a parsed URL object, and return a formatted URL string.\n\n
\nHere's how the formatting process works:\n\n
\nhref
will be ignored.path
will be ignored.protocol
is treated the same with or without the trailing :
(colon).http
, https
, ftp
, gopher
, file
will be\npostfixed with ://
(colon-slash-slash).mailto
, xmpp
, aim
, sftp
, foo
, etc will\nbe postfixed with :
(colon).slashes
set to true
if the protocol requires ://
(colon-slash-slash)mongodb://localhost:8000/
.auth
will be used if present.hostname
will only be used if host
is absent.port
will only be used if host
is absent.host
will be used in place of hostname
and port
.pathname
is treated the same with or without the leading /
(slash).query
(object; see querystring
) will only be used if search
is absent.search
will be used in place of query
.?
(question mark).hash
is treated the same with or without the leading #
(pound sign, anchor).Take a base URL, and a href URL, and resolve them as a browser would for\nan anchor tag. Examples:\n\n
\nurl.resolve('/one/two/three', 'four') // '/one/two/four'\nurl.resolve('http://example.com/', '/one') // 'http://example.com/one'\nurl.resolve('http://example.com/one', '/two') // 'http://example.com/two'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "from"
},
{
"name": "to"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "URL"
},
{
"textRaw": "util",
"name": "util",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "These functions are in the module 'util'
. Use require('util')
to\naccess them.\n\n
The util
module is primarily designed to support the needs of io.js's\ninternal APIs. Many of these utilities are useful for your own\nprograms. If you find that these functions are lacking for your\npurposes, however, you are encouraged to write your own utilities. We\nare not interested in any future additions to the util
module that\nare unnecessary for io.js's internal functionality.\n\n
This is used to create a function which conditionally writes to stderr\nbased on the existence of a NODE_DEBUG
environment variable. If the\nsection
name appears in that environment variable, then the returned\nfunction will be similar to console.error()
. If not, then the\nreturned function is a no-op.\n\n
For example:\n\n
\nvar debuglog = util.debuglog('foo');\n\nvar bar = 123;\ndebuglog('hello from foo [%d]', bar);
\nIf this program is run with NODE_DEBUG=foo
in the environment, then\nit will output something like:\n\n
FOO 3245: hello from foo [123]
\nwhere 3245
is the process id. If it is not run with that\nenvironment variable set, then it will not print anything.\n\n
You may separate multiple NODE_DEBUG
environment variables with a\ncomma. For example, NODE_DEBUG=fs,net,tls
.\n\n
Returns a formatted string using the first argument as a printf
-like format.\n\n
The first argument is a string that contains zero or more placeholders.\nEach placeholder is replaced with the converted value from its corresponding\nargument. Supported placeholders are:\n\n
\n%s
- String.%d
- Number (both integer and float).%j
- JSON. Replaced with the string '[Circular]'
if the argument\ncontains circular references.%%
- single percent sign ('%'
). This does not consume an argument.If the placeholder does not have a corresponding argument, the placeholder is\nnot replaced.\n\n
\nutil.format('%s:%s', 'foo'); // 'foo:%s'
\nIf there are more arguments than placeholders, the extra arguments are\ncoerced to strings (for objects and symbols, util.inspect()
is used)\nand then concatenated, delimited by a space.\n\n
util.format('%s:%s', 'foo', 'bar', 'baz'); // 'foo:bar baz'
\nIf the first argument is not a format string then util.format()
returns\na string that is the concatenation of all its arguments separated by spaces.\nEach argument is converted to a string with util.inspect()
.\n\n
util.format(1, 2, 3); // '1 2 3'
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "format"
},
{
"name": "...",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.log(string)",
"type": "method",
"name": "log",
"desc": "Output with timestamp on stdout
.\n\n
require('util').log('Timestamped message.');
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "string"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.inspect(object[, options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "inspect",
"desc": "Return a string representation of object
, which is useful for debugging.\n\n
An optional options object may be passed that alters certain aspects of the\nformatted string:\n\n
\nshowHidden
- if true
then the object's non-enumerable and symbol\nproperties will be shown too. Defaults to false
.
depth
- tells inspect
how many times to recurse while formatting the\nobject. This is useful for inspecting large complicated objects. Defaults to\n2
. To make it recurse indefinitely pass null
.
colors
- if true
, then the output will be styled with ANSI color codes.\nDefaults to false
. Colors are customizable, see below.
customInspect
- if false
, then custom inspect(depth, opts)
functions\ndefined on the objects being inspected won't be called. Defaults to true
.
Example of inspecting all properties of the util
object:\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nconsole.log(util.inspect(util, { showHidden: true, depth: null }));
\nValues may supply their own custom inspect(depth, opts)
functions, when\ncalled they receive the current depth in the recursive inspection, as well as\nthe options object passed to util.inspect()
.\n\n
Color output (if enabled) of util.inspect
is customizable globally\nvia util.inspect.styles
and util.inspect.colors
objects.\n\n
util.inspect.styles
is a map assigning each style a color\nfrom util.inspect.colors
.\nHighlighted styles and their default values are:\n number
(yellow)\n boolean
(yellow)\n string
(green)\n date
(magenta)\n regexp
(red)\n null
(bold)\n undefined
(grey)\n special
- only function at this time (cyan)\n * name
(intentionally no styling)\n\n
Predefined color codes are: white
, grey
, black
, blue
, cyan
, \ngreen
, magenta
, red
and yellow
.\nThere are also bold
, italic
, underline
and inverse
codes.\n\n
Objects also may define their own inspect(depth)
function which util.inspect()
\nwill invoke and use the result of when inspecting the object:\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nvar obj = { name: 'nate' };\nobj.inspect = function(depth) {\n return '{' + this.name + '}';\n};\n\nutil.inspect(obj);\n // "{nate}"
\nYou may also return another Object entirely, and the returned String will be\nformatted according to the returned Object. This is similar to how\nJSON.stringify()
works:\n\n
var obj = { foo: 'this will not show up in the inspect() output' };\nobj.inspect = function(depth) {\n return { bar: 'baz' };\n};\n\nutil.inspect(obj);\n // "{ bar: 'baz' }"
\n"
}
],
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
},
{
"name": "options",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isArray(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isArray",
"desc": "Internal alias for Array.isArray.\n\n
\nReturns true
if the given "object" is an Array
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isArray([])\n // true\nutil.isArray(new Array)\n // true\nutil.isArray({})\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isRegExp(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isRegExp",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a RegExp
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isRegExp(/some regexp/)\n // true\nutil.isRegExp(new RegExp('another regexp'))\n // true\nutil.isRegExp({})\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isDate(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isDate",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Date
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isDate(new Date())\n // true\nutil.isDate(Date())\n // false (without 'new' returns a String)\nutil.isDate({})\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isError(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isError",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is an Error
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isError(new Error())\n // true\nutil.isError(new TypeError())\n // true\nutil.isError({ name: 'Error', message: 'an error occurred' })\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isBoolean(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isBoolean",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Boolean
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isBoolean(1)\n // false\nutil.isBoolean(0)\n // false\nutil.isBoolean(false)\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isNull(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isNull",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is strictly null
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isNull(0)\n // false\nutil.isNull(undefined)\n // false\nutil.isNull(null)\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isNullOrUndefined(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isNullOrUndefined",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is null
or undefined
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isNullOrUndefined(0)\n // false\nutil.isNullOrUndefined(undefined)\n // true\nutil.isNullOrUndefined(null)\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isNumber(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isNumber",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Number
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isNumber(false)\n // false\nutil.isNumber(Infinity)\n // true\nutil.isNumber(0)\n // true\nutil.isNumber(NaN)\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isString(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isString",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a String
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isString('')\n // true\nutil.isString('foo')\n // true\nutil.isString(String('foo'))\n // true\nutil.isString(5)\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isSymbol(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isSymbol",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Symbol
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isSymbol(5)\n // false\nutil.isSymbol('foo')\n // false\nutil.isSymbol(Symbol('foo'))\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isUndefined(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isUndefined",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is undefined
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nvar foo;\nutil.isUndefined(5)\n // false\nutil.isUndefined(foo)\n // true\nutil.isUndefined(null)\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isObject(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isObject",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is strictly an Object
and not a\nFunction
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isObject(5)\n // false\nutil.isObject(null)\n // false\nutil.isObject({})\n // true\nutil.isObject(function(){})\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isFunction(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isFunction",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Function
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nfunction Foo() {}\nvar Bar = function() {};\n\nutil.isFunction({})\n // false\nutil.isFunction(Foo)\n // true\nutil.isFunction(Bar)\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isPrimitive(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isPrimitive",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a primitive type. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isPrimitive(5)\n // true\nutil.isPrimitive('foo')\n // true\nutil.isPrimitive(false)\n // true\nutil.isPrimitive(null)\n // true\nutil.isPrimitive(undefined)\n // true\nutil.isPrimitive({})\n // false\nutil.isPrimitive(function() {})\n // false\nutil.isPrimitive(/^$/)\n // false\nutil.isPrimitive(new Date())\n // false
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.isBuffer(object)",
"type": "method",
"name": "isBuffer",
"desc": "Returns true
if the given "object" is a Buffer
. false
otherwise.\n\n
var util = require('util');\n\nutil.isBuffer({ length: 0 })\n // false\nutil.isBuffer([])\n // false\nutil.isBuffer(new Buffer('hello world'))\n // true
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "object"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.inherits(constructor, superConstructor)",
"type": "method",
"name": "inherits",
"desc": "Inherit the prototype methods from one\nconstructor\ninto another. The prototype of constructor
will be set to a new\nobject created from superConstructor
.\n\n
As an additional convenience, superConstructor
will be accessible\nthrough the constructor.super_
property.\n\n
var util = require("util");\nvar events = require("events");\n\nfunction MyStream() {\n events.EventEmitter.call(this);\n}\n\nutil.inherits(MyStream, events.EventEmitter);\n\nMyStream.prototype.write = function(data) {\n this.emit("data", data);\n}\n\nvar stream = new MyStream();\n\nconsole.log(stream instanceof events.EventEmitter); // true\nconsole.log(MyStream.super_ === events.EventEmitter); // true\n\nstream.on("data", function(data) {\n console.log('Received data: "' + data + '"');\n})\nstream.write("It works!"); // Received data: "It works!"
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "constructor"
},
{
"name": "superConstructor"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "util.deprecate(function, string)",
"type": "method",
"name": "deprecate",
"desc": "Marks that a method should not be used any more.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\n\nexports.puts = util.deprecate(function() {\n for (var i = 0, len = arguments.length; i < len; ++i) {\n process.stdout.write(arguments[i] + '\\n');\n }\n}, 'util.puts: Use console.log instead');
\nIt returns a modified function which warns once by default.\n\n
\nIf --no-deprecation
is set then this function is a NO-OP. Configurable\nat run-time through the process.noDeprecation
boolean (only effective\nwhen set before a module is loaded.)\n\n
If --trace-deprecation
is set, a warning and a stack trace are logged\nto the console the first time the deprecated API is used. Configurable\nat run-time through the process.traceDeprecation
boolean.\n\n
If --throw-deprecation
is set then the application throws an exception\nwhen the deprecated API is used. Configurable at run-time through the\nprocess.throwDeprecation
boolean.\n\n
process.throwDeprecation
takes precedence over process.traceDeprecation
.\n\n
Deprecated predecessor of console.error
.\n\n
Deprecated predecessor of console.error
.\n\n
Deprecated predecessor of console.log
.\n\n
Deprecated predecessor of console.log
.\n\n\n
Deprecated predecessor of stream.pipe()
.\n\n
This module exposes events and interfaces specific to the version of [V8][]\nbuilt with io.js. These interfaces are subject to change by upstream and are\ntherefore not covered under the stability index.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "getHeapStatistics()", "type": "method", "name": "getHeapStatistics", "desc": "Returns an object with the following properties\n\n
\n{\n total_heap_size: 7326976,\n total_heap_size_executable: 4194304,\n total_physical_size: 7326976,\n total_available_size: 1152656,\n used_heap_size: 3476208,\n heap_size_limit: 1535115264\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "setFlagsFromString(string)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setFlagsFromString",
"desc": "Set additional V8 command line flags. Use with care; changing settings\nafter the VM has started may result in unpredictable behavior, including\ncrashes and data loss. Or it may simply do nothing.\n\n
\nThe V8 options available for a version of io.js may be determined by running\niojs --v8-options
. An unofficial, community-maintained list of options\nand their effects is available\nhere.\n\n
Usage:\n\n
\n// Print GC events to stdout for one minute.\nvar v8 = require('v8');\nv8.setFlagsFromString('--trace_gc');\nsetTimeout(function() { v8.setFlagsFromString('--notrace_gc'); }, 60e3);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "string"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"type": "module",
"displayName": "V8"
},
{
"textRaw": "Executing JavaScript",
"name": "vm",
"stability": 2,
"stabilityText": "Stable",
"desc": "You can access this module with:\n\n
\nvar vm = require('vm');
\nJavaScript code can be compiled and run immediately or compiled, saved, and run\nlater.\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "vm.runInThisContext(code[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "runInThisContext", "desc": "vm.runInThisContext()
compiles code
, runs it and returns the result. Running\ncode does not have access to local scope, but does have access to the current\nglobal
object.\n\n
Example of using vm.runInThisContext
and eval
to run the same code:\n\n
var vm = require('vm');\nvar localVar = 'initial value';\n\nvar vmResult = vm.runInThisContext('localVar = "vm";');\nconsole.log('vmResult: ', vmResult);\nconsole.log('localVar: ', localVar);\n\nvar evalResult = eval('localVar = "eval";');\nconsole.log('evalResult: ', evalResult);\nconsole.log('localVar: ', localVar);\n\n// vmResult: 'vm', localVar: 'initial value'\n// evalResult: 'eval', localVar: 'eval'
\nvm.runInThisContext
does not have access to the local scope, so localVar
is\nunchanged. eval
does have access to the local scope, so localVar
is changed.\n\n
In this way vm.runInThisContext
is much like an [indirect eval
call][1],\ne.g. (0,eval)('code')
. However, it also has the following additional options:\n\n
filename
: allows you to control the filename that shows up in any stack\ntraces produced.displayErrors
: whether or not to print any errors to stderr, with the\nline of code that caused them highlighted, before throwing an exception.\nWill capture both syntax errors from compiling code
and runtime errors\nthrown by executing the compiled code. Defaults to true
.timeout
: a number of milliseconds to execute code
before terminating\nexecution. If execution is terminated, an Error
will be thrown.If given a sandbox
object, will "contextify" that sandbox so that it can be\nused in calls to vm.runInContext
or script.runInContext
. Inside scripts run\nas such, sandbox
will be the global object, retaining all its existing\nproperties but also having the built-in objects and functions any standard\n[global object][2] has. Outside of scripts run by the vm module, sandbox
will\nbe unchanged.\n\n
If not given a sandbox object, returns a new, empty contextified sandbox object\nyou can use.\n\n
\nThis function is useful for creating a sandbox that can be used to run multiple\nscripts, e.g. if you were emulating a web browser it could be used to create a\nsingle sandbox representing a window's global object, then run all <script>
\ntags together inside that sandbox.\n\n
Returns whether or not a sandbox object has been contextified by calling\nvm.createContext
on it.\n\n\n
vm.runInContext
compiles code
, then runs it in contextifiedSandbox
and\nreturns the result. Running code does not have access to local scope. The\ncontextifiedSandbox
object must have been previously contextified via\nvm.createContext
; it will be used as the global object for code
.\n\n
vm.runInContext
takes the same options as vm.runInThisContext
.\n\n
Example: compile and execute different scripts in a single existing context.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\nvar vm = require('vm');\n\nvar sandbox = { globalVar: 1 };\nvm.createContext(sandbox);\n\nfor (var i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {\n vm.runInContext('globalVar *= 2;', sandbox);\n}\nconsole.log(util.inspect(sandbox));\n\n// { globalVar: 1024 }
\nNote that running untrusted code is a tricky business requiring great care.\nvm.runInContext
is quite useful, but safely running untrusted code requires a\nseparate process.\n\n\n
vm.runInNewContext
compiles code
, contextifies sandbox
if passed or\ncreates a new contextified sandbox if it's omitted, and then runs the code with\nthe sandbox as the global object and returns the result.\n\n
vm.runInNewContext
takes the same options as vm.runInThisContext
.\n\n
Example: compile and execute code that increments a global variable and sets a\nnew one. These globals are contained in the sandbox.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\nvar vm = require('vm');\n\nvar sandbox = {\n animal: 'cat',\n count: 2\n};\n\nvm.runInNewContext('count += 1; name = "kitty"', sandbox);\nconsole.log(util.inspect(sandbox));\n\n// { animal: 'cat', count: 3, name: 'kitty' }
\nNote that running untrusted code is a tricky business requiring great care.\nvm.runInNewContext
is quite useful, but safely running untrusted code requires\na separate process.\n\n\n
vm.runInDebugContext
compiles and executes code
inside the V8 debug context.\nThe primary use case is to get access to the V8 debug object:\n\n
var Debug = vm.runInDebugContext('Debug');\nDebug.scripts().forEach(function(script) { console.log(script.name); });
\nNote that the debug context and object are intrinsically tied to V8's debugger\nimplementation and may change (or even get removed) without prior warning.\n\n
\nThe debug object can also be exposed with the --expose_debug_as=
switch.\n\n\n
A class for holding precompiled scripts, and running them in specific sandboxes.\n\n\n
\n", "methods": [ { "textRaw": "new vm.Script(code, options)", "type": "method", "name": "Script", "desc": "Creating a new Script
compiles code
but does not run it. Instead, the\ncreated vm.Script
object represents this compiled code. This script can be run\nlater many times using methods below. The returned script is not bound to any\nglobal object. It is bound before each run, just for that run.\n\n
The options when creating a script are:\n\n
\nfilename
: allows you to control the filename that shows up in any stack\ntraces produced from this script.displayErrors
: whether or not to print any errors to stderr, with the\nline of code that caused them highlighted, before throwing an exception.\nApplies only to syntax errors compiling the code; errors while running the\ncode are controlled by the options to the script's methods.Similar to vm.runInThisContext
but a method of a precompiled Script
object.\nscript.runInThisContext
runs script
's compiled code and returns the result.\nRunning code does not have access to local scope, but does have access to the\ncurrent global
object.\n\n
Example of using script.runInThisContext
to compile code once and run it\nmultiple times:\n\n
var vm = require('vm');\n\nglobal.globalVar = 0;\n\nvar script = new vm.Script('globalVar += 1', { filename: 'myfile.vm' });\n\nfor (var i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {\n script.runInThisContext();\n}\n\nconsole.log(globalVar);\n\n// 1000
\nThe options for running a script are:\n\n
\ndisplayErrors
: whether or not to print any runtime errors to stderr, with\nthe line of code that caused them highlighted, before throwing an exception.\nApplies only to runtime errors executing the code; it is impossible to create\na Script
instance with syntax errors, as the constructor will throw.timeout
: a number of milliseconds to execute the script before terminating\nexecution. If execution is terminated, an Error
will be thrown.Similar to vm.runInContext
but a method of a precompiled Script
object.\nscript.runInContext
runs script
's compiled code in contextifiedSandbox
\nand returns the result. Running code does not have access to local scope.\n\n
script.runInContext
takes the same options as script.runInThisContext
.\n\n
Example: compile code that increments a global variable and sets one, then\nexecute the code multiple times. These globals are contained in the sandbox.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\nvar vm = require('vm');\n\nvar sandbox = {\n animal: 'cat',\n count: 2\n};\n\nvar context = new vm.createContext(sandbox);\nvar script = new vm.Script('count += 1; name = "kitty"');\n\nfor (var i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {\n script.runInContext(context);\n}\n\nconsole.log(util.inspect(sandbox));\n\n// { animal: 'cat', count: 12, name: 'kitty' }
\nNote that running untrusted code is a tricky business requiring great care.\nscript.runInContext
is quite useful, but safely running untrusted code\nrequires a separate process.\n\n\n
Similar to vm.runInNewContext
but a method of a precompiled Script
object.\nscript.runInNewContext
contextifies sandbox
if passed or creates a new\ncontextified sandbox if it's omitted, and then runs script
's compiled code\nwith the sandbox as the global object and returns the result. Running code does\nnot have access to local scope.\n\n
script.runInNewContext
takes the same options as script.runInThisContext
.\n\n
Example: compile code that sets a global variable, then execute the code\nmultiple times in different contexts. These globals are set on and contained in\nthe sandboxes.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\nvar vm = require('vm');\n\nvar sandboxes = [{}, {}, {}];\n\nvar script = new vm.Script('globalVar = "set"');\n\nsandboxes.forEach(function (sandbox) {\n script.runInNewContext(sandbox);\n});\n\nconsole.log(util.inspect(sandboxes));\n\n// [{ globalVar: 'set' }, { globalVar: 'set' }, { globalVar: 'set' }]
\nNote that running untrusted code is a tricky business requiring great care.\nscript.runInNewContext
is quite useful, but safely running untrusted code\nrequires a separate process.\n\n
You can access this module with:\n\n
\nvar zlib = require('zlib');
\nThis provides bindings to Gzip/Gunzip, Deflate/Inflate, and\nDeflateRaw/InflateRaw classes. Each class takes the same options, and\nis a readable/writable Stream.\n\n
\nCompressing or decompressing a file can be done by piping an\nfs.ReadStream into a zlib stream, then into an fs.WriteStream.\n\n
\nvar gzip = zlib.createGzip();\nvar fs = require('fs');\nvar inp = fs.createReadStream('input.txt');\nvar out = fs.createWriteStream('input.txt.gz');\n\ninp.pipe(gzip).pipe(out);
\nCompressing or decompressing data in one step can be done by using\nthe convenience methods.\n\n
\nvar input = '.................................';\nzlib.deflate(input, function(err, buffer) {\n if (!err) {\n console.log(buffer.toString('base64'));\n }\n});\n\nvar buffer = new Buffer('eJzT0yMAAGTvBe8=', 'base64');\nzlib.unzip(buffer, function(err, buffer) {\n if (!err) {\n console.log(buffer.toString());\n }\n});
\nTo use this module in an HTTP client or server, use the\naccept-encoding\non requests, and the\ncontent-encoding\nheader on responses.\n\n
\nNote: these examples are drastically simplified to show\nthe basic concept. Zlib encoding can be expensive, and the results\nought to be cached. See Memory Usage Tuning\nbelow for more information on the speed/memory/compression\ntradeoffs involved in zlib usage.\n\n
\n// client request example\nvar zlib = require('zlib');\nvar http = require('http');\nvar fs = require('fs');\nvar request = http.get({ host: 'izs.me',\n path: '/',\n port: 80,\n headers: { 'accept-encoding': 'gzip,deflate' } });\nrequest.on('response', function(response) {\n var output = fs.createWriteStream('izs.me_index.html');\n\n switch (response.headers['content-encoding']) {\n // or, just use zlib.createUnzip() to handle both cases\n case 'gzip':\n response.pipe(zlib.createGunzip()).pipe(output);\n break;\n case 'deflate':\n response.pipe(zlib.createInflate()).pipe(output);\n break;\n default:\n response.pipe(output);\n break;\n }\n});\n\n// server example\n// Running a gzip operation on every request is quite expensive.\n// It would be much more efficient to cache the compressed buffer.\nvar zlib = require('zlib');\nvar http = require('http');\nvar fs = require('fs');\nhttp.createServer(function(request, response) {\n var raw = fs.createReadStream('index.html');\n var acceptEncoding = request.headers['accept-encoding'];\n if (!acceptEncoding) {\n acceptEncoding = '';\n }\n\n // Note: this is not a conformant accept-encoding parser.\n // See http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.3\n if (acceptEncoding.match(/\\bdeflate\\b/)) {\n response.writeHead(200, { 'content-encoding': 'deflate' });\n raw.pipe(zlib.createDeflate()).pipe(response);\n } else if (acceptEncoding.match(/\\bgzip\\b/)) {\n response.writeHead(200, { 'content-encoding': 'gzip' });\n raw.pipe(zlib.createGzip()).pipe(response);\n } else {\n response.writeHead(200, {});\n raw.pipe(response);\n }\n}).listen(1337);
\n",
"methods": [
{
"textRaw": "zlib.createGzip([options])",
"type": "method",
"name": "createGzip",
"desc": "Returns a new Gzip object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createGunzip([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createGunzip", "desc": "Returns a new Gunzip object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createDeflate([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createDeflate", "desc": "Returns a new Deflate object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createInflate([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createInflate", "desc": "Returns a new Inflate object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createDeflateRaw([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createDeflateRaw", "desc": "Returns a new DeflateRaw object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createInflateRaw([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createInflateRaw", "desc": "Returns a new InflateRaw object with an\noptions.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.createUnzip([options])", "type": "method", "name": "createUnzip", "desc": "Returns a new Unzip object with an\noptions.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.deflate(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "deflate", "desc": "Compress a string with Deflate.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.deflateSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "deflateSync", "desc": "Compress a string with Deflate.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.deflateRaw(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "deflateRaw", "desc": "Compress a string with DeflateRaw.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.deflateRawSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "deflateRawSync", "desc": "Compress a string with DeflateRaw.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.gzip(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "gzip", "desc": "Compress a string with Gzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.gzipSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "gzipSync", "desc": "Compress a string with Gzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.gunzip(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "gunzip", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Gunzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.gunzipSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "gunzipSync", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Gunzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.inflate(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "inflate", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Inflate.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.inflateSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "inflateSync", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Inflate.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.inflateRaw(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "inflateRaw", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with InflateRaw.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.inflateRawSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "inflateRawSync", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with InflateRaw.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.unzip(buf[, options], callback)", "type": "method", "name": "unzip", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Unzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] }, { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.unzipSync(buf[, options])", "type": "method", "name": "unzipSync", "desc": "Decompress a raw Buffer with Unzip.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "buf" }, { "name": "options", "optional": true } ] } ] } ], "classes": [ { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Zlib", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Zlib", "desc": "Not exported by the zlib
module. It is documented here because it is the base\nclass of the compressor/decompressor classes.\n\n
kind
defaults to zlib.Z_FULL_FLUSH
.\n\n
Flush pending data. Don't call this frivolously, premature flushes negatively\nimpact the effectiveness of the compression algorithm.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "kind", "optional": true }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.params(level, strategy, callback)", "type": "method", "name": "params", "desc": "Dynamically update the compression level and compression strategy.\nOnly applicable to deflate algorithm.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "level" }, { "name": "strategy" }, { "name": "callback" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "zlib.reset()", "type": "method", "name": "reset", "desc": "Reset the compressor/decompressor to factory defaults. Only applicable to\nthe inflate and deflate algorithms.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Gzip", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Gzip", "desc": "Compress data using gzip.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Gunzip", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Gunzip", "desc": "Decompress a gzip stream.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Deflate", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Deflate", "desc": "Compress data using deflate.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Inflate", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Inflate", "desc": "Decompress a deflate stream.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.DeflateRaw", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.DeflateRaw", "desc": "Compress data using deflate, and do not append a zlib header.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.InflateRaw", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.InflateRaw", "desc": "Decompress a raw deflate stream.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: zlib.Unzip", "type": "class", "name": "zlib.Unzip", "desc": "Decompress either a Gzip- or Deflate-compressed stream by auto-detecting\nthe header.\n\n
\n" } ], "miscs": [ { "textRaw": "Convenience Methods", "name": "Convenience Methods", "type": "misc", "desc": "All of these take a string or buffer as the first argument, an optional second\nargument to supply options to the zlib classes and will call the supplied\ncallback with callback(error, result)
.\n\n
Every method has a *Sync
counterpart, which accept the same arguments, but\nwithout a callback.\n\n
Each class takes an options object. All options are optional.\n\n
\nNote that some options are only relevant when compressing, and are\nignored by the decompression classes.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_NO_FLUSH
)See the description of deflateInit2
and inflateInit2
at\n
http://zlib.net/manual.html#Advanced for more information on these.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Memory Usage Tuning", "name": "Memory Usage Tuning", "type": "misc", "desc": "From zlib/zconf.h
, modified to io.js's usage:\n\n
The memory requirements for deflate are (in bytes):\n\n
\n(1 << (windowBits+2)) + (1 << (memLevel+9))
\nthat is: 128K for windowBits=15 + 128K for memLevel = 8\n(default values) plus a few kilobytes for small objects.\n\n
\nFor example, if you want to reduce\nthe default memory requirements from 256K to 128K, set the options to:\n\n
\n{ windowBits: 14, memLevel: 7 }
\nOf course this will generally degrade compression (there's no free lunch).\n\n
\nThe memory requirements for inflate are (in bytes)\n\n
\n1 << windowBits
\nthat is, 32K for windowBits=15 (default value) plus a few kilobytes\nfor small objects.\n\n
\nThis is in addition to a single internal output slab buffer of size\nchunkSize
, which defaults to 16K.\n\n
The speed of zlib compression is affected most dramatically by the\nlevel
setting. A higher level will result in better compression, but\nwill take longer to complete. A lower level will result in less\ncompression, but will be much faster.\n\n
In general, greater memory usage options will mean that io.js has to make\nfewer calls to zlib, since it'll be able to process more data in a\nsingle write
operation. So, this is another factor that affects the\nspeed, at the cost of memory usage.\n\n
All of the constants defined in zlib.h are also defined on\nrequire('zlib')
.\nIn the normal course of operations, you will not need to ever set any of\nthese. They are documented here so that their presence is not\nsurprising. This section is taken almost directly from the zlib\ndocumentation. See\n
http://zlib.net/manual.html#Constants for more details.\n\n
\nAllowed flush values.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_NO_FLUSH
zlib.Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH
zlib.Z_SYNC_FLUSH
zlib.Z_FULL_FLUSH
zlib.Z_FINISH
zlib.Z_BLOCK
zlib.Z_TREES
Return codes for the compression/decompression functions. Negative\nvalues are errors, positive values are used for special but normal\nevents.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_OK
zlib.Z_STREAM_END
zlib.Z_NEED_DICT
zlib.Z_ERRNO
zlib.Z_STREAM_ERROR
zlib.Z_DATA_ERROR
zlib.Z_MEM_ERROR
zlib.Z_BUF_ERROR
zlib.Z_VERSION_ERROR
Compression levels.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_NO_COMPRESSION
zlib.Z_BEST_SPEED
zlib.Z_BEST_COMPRESSION
zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION
Compression strategy.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_FILTERED
zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY
zlib.Z_RLE
zlib.Z_FIXED
zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY
Possible values of the data_type field.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_BINARY
zlib.Z_TEXT
zlib.Z_ASCII
zlib.Z_UNKNOWN
The deflate compression method (the only one supported in this version).\n\n
\nzlib.Z_DEFLATED
For initializing zalloc, zfree, opaque.\n\n
\nzlib.Z_NULL
In browsers, the top-level scope is the global scope. That means that in\nbrowsers if you're in the global scope var something
will define a global\nvariable. In io.js this is different. The top-level scope is not the global\nscope; var something
inside an io.js module will be local to that module.\n\n
The process object. See the [process object][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "console", "name": "console", "type": "global", "desc": "Used to print to stdout and stderr. See the [console][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "Class: Buffer", "type": "global", "name": "Buffer", "desc": "Used to handle binary data. See the [buffer section][]\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "clearInterval(t)", "type": "global", "name": "clearInterval", "desc": "Stop a timer that was previously created with setInterval()
. The callback\nwill not execute.\n\n
The timer functions are global variables. See the [timers][] section.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process", "name": "process", "type": "global", "desc": "The process
object is a global object and can be accessed from anywhere.\nIt is an instance of [EventEmitter][].\n\n
io.js will normally exit with a 0
status code when no more async\noperations are pending. The following status codes are used in other\ncases:\n\n
1
Uncaught Fatal Exception - There was an uncaught exception,\nand it was not handled by a domain or an uncaughtException
event\nhandler.2
- Unused (reserved by Bash for builtin misuse)3
Internal JavaScript Parse Error - The JavaScript source code\ninternal in io.js's bootstrapping process caused a parse error. This\nis extremely rare, and generally can only happen during development\nof io.js itself.4
Internal JavaScript Evaluation Failure - The JavaScript\nsource code internal in io.js's bootstrapping process failed to\nreturn a function value when evaluated. This is extremely rare, and\ngenerally can only happen during development of io.js itself.5
Fatal Error - There was a fatal unrecoverable error in V8.\nTypically a message will be printed to stderr with the prefix FATAL\nERROR
.6
Non-function Internal Exception Handler - There was an\nuncaught exception, but the internal fatal exception handler\nfunction was somehow set to a non-function, and could not be called.7
Internal Exception Handler Run-Time Failure - There was an\nuncaught exception, and the internal fatal exception handler\nfunction itself threw an error while attempting to handle it. This\ncan happen, for example, if a process.on('uncaughtException')
or\ndomain.on('error')
handler throws an error.8
- Unused. In previous versions of io.js, exit code 8 sometimes\nindicated an uncaught exception.9
- Invalid Argument - Either an unknown option was specified,\nor an option requiring a value was provided without a value.10
Internal JavaScript Run-Time Failure - The JavaScript\nsource code internal in io.js's bootstrapping process threw an error\nwhen the bootstrapping function was called. This is extremely rare,\nand generally can only happen during development of io.js itself.12
Invalid Debug Argument - The --debug
and/or --debug-brk
\noptions were set, but an invalid port number was chosen.>128
Signal Exits - If io.js receives a fatal signal such as\nSIGKILL
or SIGHUP
, then its exit code will be 128
plus the\nvalue of the signal code. This is a standard Unix practice, since\nexit codes are defined to be 7-bit integers, and signal exits set\nthe high-order bit, and then contain the value of the signal code.Emitted when the process is about to exit. There is no way to prevent the\nexiting of the event loop at this point, and once all exit
listeners have\nfinished running the process will exit. Therefore you must only perform\nsynchronous operations in this handler. This is a good hook to perform\nchecks on the module's state (like for unit tests). The callback takes one\nargument, the code the process is exiting with.\n\n
Example of listening for exit
:\n\n
process.on('exit', function(code) {\n // do *NOT* do this\n setTimeout(function() {\n console.log('This will not run');\n }, 0);\n console.log('About to exit with code:', code);\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'beforeExit'",
"type": "event",
"name": "beforeExit",
"desc": "This event is emitted when io.js empties its event loop and has nothing else to\nschedule. Normally, io.js exits when there is no work scheduled, but a listener\nfor 'beforeExit' can make asynchronous calls, and cause io.js to continue.\n\n
\n'beforeExit' is not emitted for conditions causing explicit termination, such as\nprocess.exit()
or uncaught exceptions, and should not be used as an\nalternative to the 'exit' event unless the intention is to schedule more work.\n\n\n
Emitted when an exception bubbles all the way back to the event loop. If a\nlistener is added for this exception, the default action (which is to print\na stack trace and exit) will not occur.\n\n
\nExample of listening for uncaughtException
:\n\n
process.on('uncaughtException', function(err) {\n console.log('Caught exception: ' + err);\n});\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('This will still run.');\n}, 500);\n\n// Intentionally cause an exception, but don't catch it.\nnonexistentFunc();\nconsole.log('This will not run.');
\nNote that uncaughtException
is a very crude mechanism for exception\nhandling.\n\n
Do not use it as the io.js equivalent of On Error Resume Next
. An\nunhandled exception means your application - and by extension io.js itself -\nis in an undefined state. Blindly resuming means anything could happen.\n\n
Think of resuming as pulling the power cord when you are upgrading your system.\nNine out of ten times nothing happens - but the 10th time, your system is bust.\n\n
\nuncaughtException
should be used to perform synchronous cleanup before\nshutting down the process. It is not safe to resume normal operation after\nuncaughtException
. If you do use it, restart your application after every\nunhandled exception!\n\n
You have been warned.\n\n
\n", "params": [] }, { "textRaw": "Event: 'unhandledRejection'", "type": "event", "name": "unhandledRejection", "desc": "Emitted whenever a Promise
is rejected and no error handler is attached to\nthe promise within a turn of the event loop. When programming with promises\nexceptions are encapsulated as rejected promises. Such promises can be caught\nand handled using promise.catch(...)
and rejections are propagated through\na promise chain. This event is useful for detecting and keeping track of\npromises that were rejected whose rejections were not handled yet. This event\nis emitted with the following arguments:\n\n
reason
the object with which the promise was rejected (usually an Error
\ninstance).p
the promise that was rejected.Here is an example that logs every unhandled rejection to the console\n\n
\nprocess.on('unhandledRejection', function(reason, p) {\n console.log("Unhandled Rejection at: Promise ", p, " reason: ", reason);\n // application specific logging, throwing an error, or other logic here\n});
\nFor example, here is a rejection that will trigger the 'unhandledRejection'
\nevent:\n\n
somePromise.then(function(res) {\n return reportToUser(JSON.pasre(res)); // note the typo\n}); // no `.catch` or `.then`
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Event: 'rejectionHandled'",
"type": "event",
"name": "rejectionHandled",
"desc": "Emitted whenever a Promise was rejected and an error handler was attached to it\n(for example with .catch()
) later than after an event loop turn. This event\nis emitted with the following arguments:\n\n
p
the promise that was previously emitted in an 'unhandledRejection'\nevent, but which has now gained a rejection handler.There is no notion of a top level for a promise chain at which rejections can\nalways be handled. Being inherently asynchronous in nature, a promise rejection\ncan be be handled at a future point in time — possibly much later than the\nevent loop turn it takes for the 'unhandledRejection' event to be emitted.\n\n
\nAnother way of stating this is that, unlike in synchronous code where there is\nan ever-growing list of unhandled exceptions, with promises there is a\ngrowing-and-shrinking list of unhandled rejections. In synchronous code, the\n'uncaughtException' event tells you when the list of unhandled exceptions\ngrows. And in asynchronous code, the 'unhandledRejection' event tells you\nwhen the list of unhandled rejections grows, while the 'rejectionHandled'\nevent tells you when the list of unhandled rejections shrinks.\n\n
\nFor example using the rejection detection hooks in order to keep a list of all\nthe rejected promises at a given time:\n\n
\nvar unhandledRejections = [];\nprocess.on('unhandledRejection', function(reason, p) {\n unhandledRejections.push(p);\n});\nprocess.on('rejectionHandled', function(p) {\n var index = unhandledRejections.indexOf(p);\n unhandledRejections.splice(index, 1);\n});
\n",
"params": []
},
{
"textRaw": "Signal Events",
"name": "SIGINT, SIGHUP, etc.",
"type": "event",
"desc": "Emitted when the processes receives a signal. See sigaction(2) for a list of\nstandard POSIX signal names such as SIGINT, SIGHUP, etc.\n\n
\nExample of listening for SIGINT
:\n\n
// Start reading from stdin so we don't exit.\nprocess.stdin.resume();\n\nprocess.on('SIGINT', function() {\n console.log('Got SIGINT. Press Control-D to exit.');\n});
\nAn easy way to send the SIGINT
signal is with Control-C
in most terminal\nprograms.\n\n
Note:\n\n
\nSIGUSR1
is reserved by io.js to start the debugger. It's possible to\ninstall a listener but that won't stop the debugger from starting.SIGTERM
and SIGINT
have default handlers on non-Windows platforms that resets\nthe terminal mode before exiting with code 128 + signal number
. If one of\nthese signals has a listener installed, its default behaviour will be removed\n(io.js will no longer exit).SIGPIPE
is ignored by default, it can have a listener installed.SIGHUP
is generated on Windows when the console window is closed, and on other\nplatforms under various similar conditions, see signal(7). It can have a\nlistener installed, however io.js will be unconditionally terminated by\nWindows about 10 seconds later. On non-Windows platforms, the default\nbehaviour of SIGHUP
is to terminate io.js, but once a listener has been\ninstalled its default behaviour will be removed.SIGTERM
is not supported on Windows, it can be listened on.SIGINT
from the terminal is supported on all platforms, and can usually be\ngenerated with CTRL+C
(though this may be configurable). It is not generated\nwhen terminal raw mode is enabled.SIGBREAK
is delivered on Windows when CTRL+BREAK
is pressed, on non-Windows\nplatforms it can be listened on, but there is no way to send or generate it.SIGWINCH
is delivered when the console has been resized. On Windows, this will\nonly happen on write to the console when the cursor is being moved, or when a\nreadable tty is used in raw mode.SIGKILL
cannot have a listener installed, it will unconditionally terminate\nio.js on all platforms.SIGSTOP
cannot have a listener installed.Note that Windows does not support sending Signals, but io.js offers some\nemulation with process.kill()
, and child_process.kill()
:\n- Sending signal 0
can be used to search for the existence of a process\n- Sending SIGINT
, SIGTERM
, and SIGKILL
cause the unconditional exit of the\n target process.\n\n
A Writable Stream
to stdout
(on fd 1
).\n\n
For example, a console.log
equivalent could look like this:\n\n
console.log = function(msg) {\n process.stdout.write(msg + '\\n');\n};
\nprocess.stderr
and process.stdout
are unlike other streams in io.js in\nthat they cannot be closed (end()
will throw), they never emit the finish
\nevent and that writes are usually blocking.\n\n
To check if io.js is being run in a TTY context, read the isTTY
property\non process.stderr
, process.stdout
, or process.stdin
:\n\n
$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdin.isTTY)"\ntrue\n$ echo "foo" | iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdin.isTTY)"\nfalse\n\n$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)"\ntrue\n$ iojs -p "Boolean(process.stdout.isTTY)" | cat\nfalse
\nSee the tty docs for more information.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.stderr", "name": "stderr", "desc": "A writable stream to stderr (on fd 2
).\n\n
process.stderr
and process.stdout
are unlike other streams in io.js in\nthat they cannot be closed (end()
will throw), they never emit the finish
\nevent and that writes are usually blocking.\n\n
A Readable Stream
for stdin (on fd 0
).\n\n
Example of opening standard input and listening for both events:\n\n
\nprocess.stdin.setEncoding('utf8');\n\nprocess.stdin.on('readable', function() {\n var chunk = process.stdin.read();\n if (chunk !== null) {\n process.stdout.write('data: ' + chunk);\n }\n});\n\nprocess.stdin.on('end', function() {\n process.stdout.write('end');\n});
\nAs a Stream, process.stdin
can also be used in "old" mode that is compatible\nwith scripts written for node.js prior to v0.10.\nFor more information see\nStream compatibility.\n\n
In "old" Streams mode the stdin stream is paused by default, so one\nmust call process.stdin.resume()
to read from it. Note also that calling\nprocess.stdin.resume()
itself would switch stream to "old" mode.\n\n
If you are starting a new project you should prefer a more recent "new" Streams\nmode over "old" one.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.argv", "name": "argv", "desc": "An array containing the command line arguments. The first element will be\n'iojs', the second element will be the name of the JavaScript file. The\nnext elements will be any additional command line arguments.\n\n
\n// print process.argv\nprocess.argv.forEach(function(val, index, array) {\n console.log(index + ': ' + val);\n});
\nThis will generate:\n\n
\n$ iojs process-2.js one two=three four\n0: iojs\n1: /Users/mjr/work/iojs/process-2.js\n2: one\n3: two=three\n4: four
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.execPath",
"name": "execPath",
"desc": "This is the absolute pathname of the executable that started the process.\n\n
\nExample:\n\n
\n/usr/local/bin/iojs
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.execArgv",
"name": "execArgv",
"desc": "This is the set of io.js-specific command line options from the\nexecutable that started the process. These options do not show up in\nprocess.argv
, and do not include the io.js executable, the name of\nthe script, or any options following the script name. These options\nare useful in order to spawn child processes with the same execution\nenvironment as the parent.\n\n
Example:\n\n
\n$ iojs --harmony script.js --version
\nresults in process.execArgv:\n\n
\n['--harmony']
\nand process.argv:\n\n
\n['/usr/local/bin/iojs', 'script.js', '--version']
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.env",
"name": "env",
"desc": "An object containing the user environment. See environ(7).\n\n
\nAn example of this object looks like:\n\n
\n{ TERM: 'xterm-256color',\n SHELL: '/usr/local/bin/bash',\n USER: 'maciej',\n PATH: '~/.bin/:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin',\n PWD: '/Users/maciej',\n EDITOR: 'vim',\n SHLVL: '1',\n HOME: '/Users/maciej',\n LOGNAME: 'maciej',\n _: '/usr/local/bin/iojs' }
\nYou can write to this object, but changes won't be reflected outside of your\nprocess. That means that the following won't work:\n\n
\n$ iojs -e 'process.env.foo = "bar"' && echo $foo
\nBut this will:\n\n
\nprocess.env.foo = 'bar';\nconsole.log(process.env.foo);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.exitCode",
"name": "exitCode",
"desc": "A number which will be the process exit code, when the process either\nexits gracefully, or is exited via process.exit()
without specifying\na code.\n\n
Specifying a code to process.exit(code)
will override any previous\nsetting of process.exitCode
.\n\n\n
A compiled-in property that exposes NODE_VERSION
.\n\n
console.log('Version: ' + process.version);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.versions",
"name": "versions",
"desc": "A property exposing version strings of io.js and its dependencies.\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.versions);
\nWill print something like:\n\n
\n{ http_parser: '2.3.0',\n node: '1.1.1',\n v8: '4.1.0.14',\n uv: '1.3.0',\n zlib: '1.2.8',\n ares: '1.10.0-DEV',\n modules: '43',\n openssl: '1.0.1k' }
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.config",
"name": "config",
"desc": "An Object containing the JavaScript representation of the configure options\nthat were used to compile the current io.js executable. This is the same as\nthe "config.gypi" file that was produced when running the ./configure
script.\n\n
An example of the possible output looks like:\n\n
\n{ target_defaults:\n { cflags: [],\n default_configuration: 'Release',\n defines: [],\n include_dirs: [],\n libraries: [] },\n variables:\n { host_arch: 'x64',\n node_install_npm: 'true',\n node_prefix: '',\n node_shared_cares: 'false',\n node_shared_http_parser: 'false',\n node_shared_libuv: 'false',\n node_shared_zlib: 'false',\n node_use_dtrace: 'false',\n node_use_openssl: 'true',\n node_shared_openssl: 'false',\n strict_aliasing: 'true',\n target_arch: 'x64',\n v8_use_snapshot: 'true' } }
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.release",
"name": "release",
"desc": "An Object containing metadata related to the current release, including URLs\nfor the source tarball and headers-only tarball.\n\n
\nprocess.release
contains the following properties:\n\n
name
: a string with a value that will always be "io.js"
for io.js.sourceUrl
: a complete URL pointing to a .tar.gz file containing the\nsource of the current release.headersUrl
: a complete URL pointing to a .tar.gz file containing only\nthe header files for the current release. This file is significantly smaller\nthan the full source file and can be used for compiling add-ons against\nio.js.libUrl
: a complete URL pointing to an iojs.lib file matching the\narchitecture and version of the current release. This file is used for\ncompiling add-ons against io.js. This property is only present on Windows\nbuilds of io.js and will be missing on all other platforms.e.g.\n\n
\n{ name: 'io.js',\n sourceUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/iojs-v2.3.5.tar.gz',\n headersUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/iojs-v2.3.5-headers.tar.gz',\n libUrl: 'https://iojs.org/download/release/v2.3.5/win-x64/iojs.lib' }
\nIn custom builds from non-release versions of the source tree, only the\nname
property may be present. The additional properties should not be\nrelied upon to exist.\n\n
The PID of the process.\n\n
\nconsole.log('This process is pid ' + process.pid);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.title",
"name": "title",
"desc": "Getter/setter to set what is displayed in 'ps'.\n\n
\nWhen used as a setter, the maximum length is platform-specific and probably\nshort.\n\n
\nOn Linux and OS X, it's limited to the size of the binary name plus the\nlength of the command line arguments because it overwrites the argv memory.\n\n
\nv0.8 allowed for longer process title strings by also overwriting the environ\nmemory but that was potentially insecure/confusing in some (rather obscure)\ncases.\n\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "process.arch", "name": "arch", "desc": "What processor architecture you're running on: 'arm'
, 'ia32'
, or 'x64'
.\n\n
console.log('This processor architecture is ' + process.arch);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.platform",
"name": "platform",
"desc": "What platform you're running on:\n'darwin'
, 'freebsd'
, 'linux'
, 'sunos'
or 'win32'
\n\n
console.log('This platform is ' + process.platform);
\n"
},
{
"textRaw": "process.mainModule",
"name": "mainModule",
"desc": "Alternate way to retrieve\nrequire.main
.\nThe difference is that if the main module changes at runtime, require.main
\nmight still refer to the original main module in modules that were required\nbefore the change occurred. Generally it's safe to assume that the two refer\nto the same module.\n\n
As with require.main
, it will be undefined
if there was no entry script.\n\n
This causes io.js to emit an abort. This will cause io.js to exit and\ngenerate a core file.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.chdir(directory)", "type": "method", "name": "chdir", "desc": "Changes the current working directory of the process or throws an exception if that fails.\n\n
\nconsole.log('Starting directory: ' + process.cwd());\ntry {\n process.chdir('/tmp');\n console.log('New directory: ' + process.cwd());\n}\ncatch (err) {\n console.log('chdir: ' + err);\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "directory"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.cwd()",
"type": "method",
"name": "cwd",
"desc": "Returns the current working directory of the process.\n\n
\nconsole.log('Current directory: ' + process.cwd());
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.exit([code])",
"type": "method",
"name": "exit",
"desc": "Ends the process with the specified code
. If omitted, exit uses the\n'success' code 0
.\n\n
To exit with a 'failure' code:\n\n
\nprocess.exit(1);
\nThe shell that executed io.js should see the exit code as 1.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "code", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.getgid()", "type": "method", "name": "getgid", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the group identity of the process. (See getgid(2).)\nThis is the numerical group id, not the group name.\n\n
\nif (process.getgid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getgid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getegid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getegid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the effective group identity of the process. (See getegid(2).)\nThis is the numerical group id, not the group name.\n\n
\nif (process.getegid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getegid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setgid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setgid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the group identity of the process. (See setgid(2).) This accepts either\na numerical ID or a groupname string. If a groupname is specified, this method\nblocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getgid && process.setgid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getgid());\n try {\n process.setgid(501);\n console.log('New gid: ' + process.getgid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set gid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setegid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setegid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the effective group identity of the process. (See setegid(2).)\nThis accepts either a numerical ID or a groupname string. If a groupname\nis specified, this method blocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getegid && process.setegid) {\n console.log('Current gid: ' + process.getegid());\n try {\n process.setegid(501);\n console.log('New gid: ' + process.getegid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set gid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getuid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the user identity of the process. (See getuid(2).)\nThis is the numerical userid, not the username.\n\n
\nif (process.getuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.getuid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.geteuid()",
"type": "method",
"name": "geteuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nGets the effective user identity of the process. (See geteuid(2).)\nThis is the numerical userid, not the username.\n\n
\nif (process.geteuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.setuid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "setuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the user identity of the process. (See setuid(2).) This accepts either\na numerical ID or a username string. If a username is specified, this method\nblocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.getuid && process.setuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.getuid());\n try {\n process.setuid(501);\n console.log('New uid: ' + process.getuid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set uid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.seteuid(id)",
"type": "method",
"name": "seteuid",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the effective user identity of the process. (See seteuid(2).)\nThis accepts either a numerical ID or a username string. If a username\nis specified, this method blocks while resolving it to a numerical ID.\n\n
\nif (process.geteuid && process.seteuid) {\n console.log('Current uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n try {\n process.seteuid(501);\n console.log('New uid: ' + process.geteuid());\n }\n catch (err) {\n console.log('Failed to set uid: ' + err);\n }\n}
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "id"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.getgroups()",
"type": "method",
"name": "getgroups",
"desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nReturns an array with the supplementary group IDs. POSIX leaves it unspecified\nif the effective group ID is included but io.js ensures it always is.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.setgroups(groups)", "type": "method", "name": "setgroups", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nSets the supplementary group IDs. This is a privileged operation, meaning you\nneed to be root or have the CAP_SETGID capability.\n\n
\nThe list can contain group IDs, group names or both.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "groups" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.initgroups(user, extra_group)", "type": "method", "name": "initgroups", "desc": "Note: this function is only available on POSIX platforms (i.e. not Windows,\nAndroid)\n\n
\nReads /etc/group and initializes the group access list, using all groups of\nwhich the user is a member. This is a privileged operation, meaning you need\nto be root or have the CAP_SETGID capability.\n\n
\nuser
is a user name or user ID. extra_group
is a group name or group ID.\n\n
Some care needs to be taken when dropping privileges. Example:\n\n
\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 0 ]\nprocess.initgroups('bnoordhuis', 1000); // switch user\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 27, 30, 46, 1000, 0 ]\nprocess.setgid(1000); // drop root gid\nconsole.log(process.getgroups()); // [ 27, 30, 46, 1000 ]
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "user"
},
{
"name": "extra_group"
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.kill(pid[, signal])",
"type": "method",
"name": "kill",
"desc": "Send a signal to a process. pid
is the process id and signal
is the\nstring describing the signal to send. Signal names are strings like\n'SIGINT' or 'SIGHUP'. If omitted, the signal will be 'SIGTERM'.\nSee Signal Events and kill(2) for more information.\n\n
Will throw an error if target does not exist, and as a special case, a signal of\n0
can be used to test for the existence of a process.\n\n
Note that just because the name of this function is process.kill
, it is\nreally just a signal sender, like the kill
system call. The signal sent\nmay do something other than kill the target process.\n\n
Example of sending a signal to yourself:\n\n
\nprocess.on('SIGHUP', function() {\n console.log('Got SIGHUP signal.');\n});\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n console.log('Exiting.');\n process.exit(0);\n}, 100);\n\nprocess.kill(process.pid, 'SIGHUP');
\nNote: When SIGUSR1 is received by io.js it starts the debugger, see\nSignal Events.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "pid" }, { "name": "signal", "optional": true } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.memoryUsage()", "type": "method", "name": "memoryUsage", "desc": "Returns an object describing the memory usage of the io.js process\nmeasured in bytes.\n\n
\nvar util = require('util');\n\nconsole.log(util.inspect(process.memoryUsage()));
\nThis will generate:\n\n
\n{ rss: 4935680,\n heapTotal: 1826816,\n heapUsed: 650472 }
\nheapTotal
and heapUsed
refer to V8's memory usage.\n\n\n
Once the current event loop turn runs to completion, call the callback\nfunction.\n\n
\nThis is not a simple alias to setTimeout(fn, 0)
, it's much more\nefficient. It runs before any additional I/O events (including\ntimers) fire in subsequent ticks of the event loop.\n\n
console.log('start');\nprocess.nextTick(function() {\n console.log('nextTick callback');\n});\nconsole.log('scheduled');\n// Output:\n// start\n// scheduled\n// nextTick callback
\nThis is important in developing APIs where you want to give the user the\nchance to assign event handlers after an object has been constructed,\nbut before any I/O has occurred.\n\n
\nfunction MyThing(options) {\n this.setupOptions(options);\n\n process.nextTick(function() {\n this.startDoingStuff();\n }.bind(this));\n}\n\nvar thing = new MyThing();\nthing.getReadyForStuff();\n\n// thing.startDoingStuff() gets called now, not before.
\nIt is very important for APIs to be either 100% synchronous or 100%\nasynchronous. Consider this example:\n\n
\n// WARNING! DO NOT USE! BAD UNSAFE HAZARD!\nfunction maybeSync(arg, cb) {\n if (arg) {\n cb();\n return;\n }\n\n fs.stat('file', cb);\n}
\nThis API is hazardous. If you do this:\n\n
\nmaybeSync(true, function() {\n foo();\n});\nbar();
\nthen it's not clear whether foo()
or bar()
will be called first.\n\n
This approach is much better:\n\n
\nfunction definitelyAsync(arg, cb) {\n if (arg) {\n process.nextTick(cb);\n return;\n }\n\n fs.stat('file', cb);\n}
\nNote: the nextTick queue is completely drained on each pass of the\nevent loop before additional I/O is processed. As a result,\nrecursively setting nextTick callbacks will block any I/O from\nhappening, just like a while(true);
loop.\n\n
Sets or reads the process's file mode creation mask. Child processes inherit\nthe mask from the parent process. Returns the old mask if mask
argument is\ngiven, otherwise returns the current mask.\n\n
var oldmask, newmask = 0022;\n\noldmask = process.umask(newmask);\nconsole.log('Changed umask from: ' + oldmask.toString(8) +\n ' to ' + newmask.toString(8));
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": [
{
"name": "mask",
"optional": true
}
]
}
]
},
{
"textRaw": "process.uptime()",
"type": "method",
"name": "uptime",
"desc": "Number of seconds io.js has been running.\n\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [] } ] }, { "textRaw": "process.hrtime()", "type": "method", "name": "hrtime", "desc": "Returns the current high-resolution real time in a [seconds, nanoseconds]
\ntuple Array. It is relative to an arbitrary time in the past. It is not\nrelated to the time of day and therefore not subject to clock drift. The\nprimary use is for measuring performance between intervals.\n\n
You may pass in the result of a previous call to process.hrtime()
to get\na diff reading, useful for benchmarks and measuring intervals:\n\n
var time = process.hrtime();\n// [ 1800216, 25 ]\n\nsetTimeout(function() {\n var diff = process.hrtime(time);\n // [ 1, 552 ]\n\n console.log('benchmark took %d nanoseconds', diff[0] * 1e9 + diff[1]);\n // benchmark took 1000000527 nanoseconds\n}, 1000);
\n",
"signatures": [
{
"params": []
}
]
}
]
}
],
"vars": [
{
"textRaw": "require()",
"type": "var",
"name": "require",
"desc": "To require modules. See the [Modules][] section. require
isn't actually a\nglobal but rather local to each module.\n\n
Use the internal require()
machinery to look up the location of a module,\nbut rather than loading the module, just return the resolved filename.\n\n
Modules are cached in this object when they are required. By deleting a key\nvalue from this object, the next require
will reload the module.\n\n
Instruct require
on how to handle certain file extensions.\n\n
Process files with the extension .sjs
as .js
:\n\n
require.extensions['.sjs'] = require.extensions['.js'];
\nDeprecated In the past, this list has been used to load\nnon-JavaScript modules into io.js by compiling them on-demand.\nHowever, in practice, there are much better ways to do this, such as\nloading modules via some other io.js program, or compiling them to\nJavaScript ahead of time.\n\n
\nSince the Module system is locked, this feature will probably never go\naway. However, it may have subtle bugs and complexities that are best\nleft untouched.\n\n
\n" } ] }, { "textRaw": "__filename", "name": "__filename", "type": "var", "desc": "The filename of the code being executed. This is the resolved absolute path\nof this code file. For a main program this is not necessarily the same\nfilename used in the command line. The value inside a module is the path\nto that module file.\n\n
\nExample: running iojs example.js
from /Users/mjr
\n\n
console.log(__filename);\n// /Users/mjr/example.js
\n__filename
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
The name of the directory that the currently executing script resides in.\n\n
\nExample: running iojs example.js
from /Users/mjr
\n\n
console.log(__dirname);\n// /Users/mjr
\n__dirname
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n\n
A reference to the current module. In particular\nmodule.exports
is used for defining what a module exports and makes\navailable through require()
.\n\n
module
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
See the [module system documentation][] for more information.\n\n
\n" }, { "textRaw": "exports", "name": "exports", "type": "var", "desc": "A reference to the module.exports
that is shorter to type.\nSee [module system documentation][] for details on when to use exports
and\nwhen to use module.exports
.\n\n
exports
isn't actually a global but rather local to each module.\n\n
See the [module system documentation][] for more information.\n\n
\n" } ], "methods": [ { "textRaw": "setTimeout(cb, ms)", "type": "method", "name": "setTimeout", "desc": "Run callback cb
after at least ms
milliseconds. The actual delay depends\non external factors like OS timer granularity and system load.\n\n
The timeout must be in the range of 1-2,147,483,647 inclusive. If the value is\noutside that range, it's changed to 1 millisecond. Broadly speaking, a timer\ncannot span more than 24.8 days.\n\n
\nReturns an opaque value that represents the timer.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "cb" }, { "name": "ms" } ] } ] }, { "textRaw": "clearTimeout(t)", "type": "method", "name": "clearTimeout", "desc": "Stop a timer that was previously created with setTimeout()
. The callback will\nnot execute.\n\n
Run callback cb
repeatedly every ms
milliseconds. Note that the actual\ninterval may vary, depending on external factors like OS timer granularity and\nsystem load. It's never less than ms
but it may be longer.\n\n
The interval must be in the range of 1-2,147,483,647 inclusive. If the value is\noutside that range, it's changed to 1 millisecond. Broadly speaking, a timer\ncannot span more than 24.8 days.\n\n
\nReturns an opaque value that represents the timer.\n\n
\n", "signatures": [ { "params": [ { "name": "cb" }, { "name": "ms" } ] } ] } ] }